Abstract: An apparatus comprising a planar optical waveguide having an optical core and optical cladding next to the optical core. The optical core or cladding includes a plurality of particles therein. Each particle has a nucleus and polymeric molecules permanently bonded to the nucleus to form a shell. A plurality of nuclei are dispersed in said core or cladding.

Abstract: A method of the communication includes communicating at least one physical layer frame. The physical layer frame is formed by dynamically varying an aggregate packet size in response to a condition of a channel used for communicating voice and/or data. Here, the step of dynamically varying aggregate packet size may involve modifying a number of content frames to form the physical layer frame. The physical layer frame may correspond with a payload having at least two content frames and at least one IP header. Each content frame may include a voice frame and/or a data frame.

Abstract: Reversibly adaptive rough structures, comprising: a substrate; a plurality of raised elements on the substrate, the raised elements mutually spaced apart by channel regions on the substrate, each of the raised elements having a lateral surface and a distal end; the lateral surface, the distal end and the channel regions having hydrophobic molecules thereon; and the distal end having reversibly adaptive bristles thereon, the reversibly adaptive bristles being convertible between relatively hydrophilic and hydrophobic states by the application of an external stimulus. Techniques for making reversibly adaptive rough structures.

Abstract: A method of estimating per-flow traffic in a network of nodes interconnected by links splits the incoming traffic stream to a node into a number of parallel sub-streams by flow assignment using a hash function. Since each flow in the incoming traffic stream constitutes a larger fraction of the traffic in its sub-stream, the probability of obtaining two-runs increases. The number of two-runs per flow is then employed to generate an estimate of the traffic of the flow.

Abstract: In order to reduce the traffic on the paging channel, the system for reducing paging channel occupancy for message waiting indication in mobile switching centers allows the Message Waiting Notification process to determine a last zone in which the Mobile Subscriber was located and only transmit the Message Waiting Indication to the cells within that zone. This eliminates message transmission on the paging channel of cells which are not likely to have the Mobile Subscriber Station residing in their service area. Multiple retries can be attempted and if the last retry is being activated, the paging can be extended to cover all zones in the Mobile Switching Center. The sharing of information about when a mobile has responded to a message waiting count between the Serving MSC and the Home MSC also reduces the paging channel occupancy.

Abstract: An optical performance monitor (OPM), e.g., for use in an optical network. The OPM may be configured to characterize one or more impairments in an optical signal modulated with data. The OPM has an optical autocorrelator configured to sample the autocorrelation function of the optical signal, e.g., using two-photon absorption. Autocorrelation points at various bit delays independently or in combination with average optical power may be used to detect and/or quantify one or more of the following: loss of data modulation, signal contrast, pulse broadening, peak power fluctuations, timing jitter, and deviations from the pseudo-random character of data. In addition, the OPM may be configured to perform Fourier transformation based on the autocorrelation points to obtain corresponding spectral components. The spectral components may be used to detect and/or quantify one or more of chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion, and misalignment of a pulse carver and data modulator.

Abstract: An automated authentication handling system for use by clients on a network including a plurality of application servers connected to the network, each requiring authentication for access and an authentication server adapted to authenticate at least one of the clients and establish a trusted communication link for access by an authenticated user to at least one of the application servers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a test vector manager for use with a unit under test (UUT). In one embodiment, the test vector manager includes a gateway device, coupled to the UUT, configured to provide a testing pathway for the UUT to coordinate test requests and responses for a backplane multi-drop test bus. The test vector manager also includes a test memory, coupled to the gateway device, configured to retrieve version-specific test vectors, which are resident on the UUT and correspond to the test requests. The test vector manager further includes a chain configuration logic unit, coupled to the test memory, configured to return the version-specific test vectors to the backplane multi-drop test bus employing the testing pathway. Alternatively, the test vector manager is further configured to connect the backplane multi-drop test bus to local UUT test bus and scan chain interfaces for tests using the version-specific test vectors.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlled provision of communications services to shared plan subscribers, in which a shared plan defines individual restrictions for a plurality of subscribers, wherein services are selectively provided services to the shared plan subscribers based on subscriber usage and the corresponding individual restrictions defined for the shared plan.

Abstract: An apparatus in one example has: at least a first network of a first predetermined type and at least a second network of a predetermined type; at least one mobile terminal movable between the first and second networks; at least one gateway operatively coupled to each of the first and second networks; and at least one message that communicates via the gateway at least feature data of the mobile terminal from one of the first and second networks to the other of the first and second networks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed wherein nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on a surface of a body (such as a submersible vehicle) that is adapted to move through a fluid, such as water. The nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on the surface in a way such that the contact between the surface and the fluid is reduced and, correspondingly, the friction between the surface and the fluid is reduced. In an illustrative embodiment, the surface is a surface on a submarine or other submersible vehicle (such as a torpedo). Illustratively, electrowetting principles are used to cause the fluid to at least partially penetrate the nanostructures or microstructures on the surface of the body in order to selectively create greater friction in a desired location of the surface. Such penetration may be used, for example, to create drag that alters the direction or speed of travel of the body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric composition of matter. The composition includes at least one polymer matrix and plurality of quantum dots distributed therein. The polymer may be a perfluorocyclobutane polymer having high optical transmission at telecommunications wavelengths. The quantum dots may include cap compounds to increase the solubility of the quantum dots in the composition. Typical cap compounds include aromatic organic molecules. Optical devices including waveguides may be fabricated from the polymeric compositions of the invention.

Abstract: A device fabricated using a multi-layered wafer that has an embedded etch mask adapted to map a desired device structure onto an adjacent (poly)silicon layer. Due to the presence of the embedded mask, it becomes possible to delay the etching that forms the mapped structure in the (poly)silicon layer until a relatively late fabrication stage. As a result, flatness of the (poly)silicon layer is preserved for the deposition of any necessary over-layers, which substantially obviates the need for filling the voids created by the structure formation with silicon oxide.

Abstract: In the method of estimating a signal-to-interference+noise ratio (SINR), either the polarities or bit values of a plurality of received data symbol samples are estimated. Then an SINR estimate is generated based on the plurality of received data symbol samples and the estimated polarities or bit values of the plurality of received data symbol samples such that the SINR estimate is not substantially dependent on the polarities or a bit value of the plurality of received data symbol samples.

Abstract: A method of operating a network node in PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode) is disclosed. In one embodiment, a Rendezvous Point Tree (RPT) to Shortest Path Tree (SPT) switch over process is initiated after the packet flow rate of the RPT data stream is compared against a predetermined threshold using a reverse rate limiting technique. If the packet flow rate of the RPT data stream exceeds the threshold, further analysis can be performed to decide whether the RPT to SPT switch over process should be initiated. Otherwise, if the packet flow rate does not exceed a predetermined threshold, the network node continues to receive multicast packets via the RPT until the predetermined threshold is reached.

Abstract: A system includes a pulse reshaper for reshaping and re-amplifying optical signals in a communications network. In one embodiment, a vertical cavity semiconductor optical amplifier (VCSOA) device, comprising dual mode reflectors optically cooperating at each of an input signal wavelength (?s) and an offset wavelength (?c) proximate the input signal wavelength (?s) to provide thereby non-linear amplification of input signal (?s).

Abstract: A method for dynamically varying the allocation and distribution of a base station's resources in response to fluctuations in demand for services. The method includes transmitting a status signal from a base station to a base station controller over an Iub interface. The status signal may correspond to the demand of the base station's transmit power for a data transmission service, such as HSDPA, and for at least another service, such as a dedicated voice channel. In response to receiving the usage information signal, the base station controller may vary the transmit power of the base station allocated for HSDPA and/or for the dedicated voice, data and/or both integrated voice and data channel. In response to receiving users' status information for HSDPA services, the base station controller may vary its call admission status for HSDPA and/or dedicated voice, data and/or both integrated voice and data users.

Abstract: A process optically transports digital data over an all-optical long-haul communication path. The process includes transporting digital optical data signals at a selected bit rate and a selected wavelength over a sequence of transmission spans. The sequence includes 70 percent or more of the spans of the long-haul all-optical communication path. Each span of the sequence has a primary local maximum optical power point for the wavelength on a transmission fiber and nearest to an input of the span. The transporting causes a cumulative dispersion of each signal to evolve such that residual dispersions per span are positive over some of the spans and are negative over other of the spans. At the primary local maximum power points, magnitudes of cumulative dispersions of the signals in pico seconds per nanometer remain at less than 32,000 times the inverse of the bit rate in giga bits per second.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for communicating a multimedia messaging service message from a source mobile device to a target mobile device in a telecommunications network. The method comprises receiving a request for a multimedia message and associating the multimedia message to the multimedia messaging service message. The multimedia messaging service message along with the associated multimedia message may be provided for transmission to the target mobile device. For example, an advertisement from a gateway associated with a telecommunication company network may be appended to a multimedia messaging service message as an add-on multimedia messaging service message. An engine may determine content of the appended add-on multimedia messaging service message based on a profile for an end-user and a subscriber profile of an advertising service. A database may store a record of a call to provide information including billing data to one or more concerned parties.

Abstract: In a method of detecting signaling information in a signal received in a wireless communication system, signaling information for a signal received in a subsequent time instant may be detected using an estimated value for the subsequent time instant. The estimated value for the subsequent time instant may be determined based on one or more measured parameters related to an estimated value for detecting signaling information in a current time instant.