Abstract: In a silicon layer formed on an insulator layer, a lattice defect region is formed to be adjacent to a channel region and source/drain regions, and the lower part of the channel region functions as a high-concentration channel region. The holes of hole-electron pairs generated in the channel region are eliminated by recombination in the lattice defect region, thereby suppressing the bipolar operation resulting from the accumulation of holes and increasing the source/drain breakdown voltage. The threshold value of a parasitic transistor is increased by the high-concentration channel region so as to reduce the leakage current in the OFF state. Alternatively, the holes may be moved to the source region to disappear therein by providing, instead of the lattice defect region, a high-concentration diffusion layer constituting and operating as a pn diode between the channel and source regions.

Abstract: To achieve linear gain control (with a flatness of ±1 dB) over a wide range of 70 dB or greater using a single control voltage, an attenuator of the following configuration is provided in a radio frequency section of a transmitter of a cellular mobile telephone terminal. That is, a signal inputpart (34) and signal output part (35) for a radio frequency signal are connected by a signal line (51) containing at least two series variable resistors (51 and 52); parallel variable resistors (53 and 54) are connected between a ground line (57) and the signal inputpart (34) and signal outputpart (35), respectively; a gain control line (56) is connected to the variable resistors (51, 52, 53, and 54); reference voltage application parts (23, 27, 31, and 33) are connected to the variable resistors (51, 52, 53, and 54), respectively; and a gain control voltage application part (19) is connected to each of the variable resistors (51, 52, 53, and 54) via the gain control line (56).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing solid electrolytic capacitors by forming an anodized film on a surface of a valve metal anode; forming a capacitor element by adhering an insulating resist tape on said anodized film for separating a negative electrode part and a positive electrode part; forming a MnO2 layer by immersing the capacitor element in a solution containing manganese salts, removing the capacitor element from the solution, and thermally decomposing attached manganese salts; immersing the capacitor element on which the MnO2 layer is formed in an organic polar solvent or aqueous solution thereof; re-anodizing the capacitor element by immersing the capacitor element in an electrolytic solution before the organic polar solvent or its solution dries; and forming a solid electrolyte layer and cathode conductor layer on the base layer.

Abstract: An emergency reporting apparatus for a vehicle includes a communication device. In cases where an emergency occurs in the vehicle, the communication device is used to report the emergency to an emergency report receiving center. A user is informed of an operating condition of the communication device when the communication device is used to report the emergency. The communication device may include a radio communication device.

Abstract: An electronic-mail apparatus includes an operational panel having a mode selection key to select one of a facsimile mode and an e-mail mode, and a start key. An acceptor accepts image data, when the start key is operated. A facsimile transmitter negotiates with a facsimile destination, and transmits the image data to the facsimile destination via a telephone network when the facsimile mode is selected by operation of the mode selection key. A converter converts the accepted image data into an electronic-mail format image data when the e-mail mode is selected by operation of the mode selection key. An e-mail transmitter transmits the electronic-mail format image data to an e-mail destination when the e-mail mode is selected by operation of the mode selection key.

Abstract: A screen printing apparatus is designed so that cream solder 17 disposed on a mask plate 12 can be preserved at a certain appropriate temperature by the limited use of blown air. An air nozzle unit 20 is provided above the mask plate 12 at a place on the side edge running in parallel with the moving direction of a squeegee 16. The temperature-conditioning air is blown sidewise from the air nozzle unit 20 towards the cream solder 17 during the operation of printing the cream solder 17 on the surface of a substrate through the mask plate 12 disposed in contact therewith.

Abstract: The antenna apparatus of the present invention places antenna element 302 that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves on basic plate 301, places parasitic antenna elements 303 to 306 on basic plate 301 evenly spaced concentrically centered on antenna element 302, places switch elements 307 to 310 and capacitances 311 to 314 in parallel between one end of each of antenna elements 303 to 306 and said basic plate and disconnects one of switch elements 307 to 310 and connects all the others. In this way, the present invention provides a small and high-gain antenna apparatus with directivity switching capability.

Abstract: In an isolation type DC-DC converter for performing full-wave rectification in the secondary of a transformer, two switching sections 11 and 13 alternately switch ON and OFF, thereby reversing the current I3 flowing through a primary winding 3a of the transformer 3. A switching control circuit 7 outputs switching signals G1 and G3 to the switching sections 11 and 13, respectively, thereby controlling the switching of the switching sections. A load current sensing section 9 senses the amount of load current, then compares it with a predetermined threshold value. When the amount of load current sensed is smaller than the threshold value, a delay circuit 8 delays the switching signals G1 and G3 to the switching sections 11 and 13 for a predetermined delay time. The delay time is set to be substantially equal to ¼ of the resonance period determined by the self-inductance of the primary winding 3a of the transformer 3.

Abstract: A capacitance type moisture sensor having the capability of accurately detecting amounts of water is provided. This sensor comprises a sensor housing having an electrically-insulating wall, a pair of electrodes disposed on the sensor housing, and a circuit unit. An outer surface of the electrically-insulating wall faces a space where the amounts of water should be detected. On an inner surface of the electrically-insulating wall, at least one of the electrodes is formed. An electric field developed between the electrodes is defined as a moisture detecting region. The circuit unit includes a capacitance detecting circuit for detecting a capacitance value between the electrodes, which changes in response to the amounts of water in the moisture detecting region, and an output circuit for providing an electrical signal corresponding to the amounts of water according to the capacitance value detected by the capacitance detecting circuit.

Abstract: A reflectance increasing type optical information recording medium in which the crosstalk is inhibited in the land and groove recording. This optical information recording medium comprises a substrate having a groove and a land provided between adjacent grooves and a recording layer that is provided on the substrate and that changes the reflectance by irradiation with light beams. In this recording medium, the reflectance after recording is greater than the reflectance before recording. Moreover, the depth D of the groove is set to be in the range of &lgr;/8n to 3&lgr;/8n, where the wavelength of the light beam is &lgr; and the refractive index of the substrate is n. And the difference, &Dgr;&phgr;=&phgr;1−&phgr;0, between the phase &phgr;1 of the reflected light after recording and the phase &phgr;0 of the reflected light before recording is in the range of (−0.1+2 m) &pgr; to (0.1+2 m) &pgr;, where m is an integer.

Abstract: Based on image data taken and acquired by any one of a plurality of cameras, a predetermined object included in the image is recognized by pattern matching. A plurality of databases associated with a plurality of cameras is provided and a database to be used is changed according to the camera to be used. The plurality of databases can also be changed according to conditions such as weather and environment.

Abstract: To provide a data backup memory that can function, when used to design an LSI, for a circuit operating at a frequency double that of a clock provided. The data backup memory includes a first precharge node, a second precharge node, a first precharge circuit, a second precharge circuit, a first discharge circuit, and a second discharge circuit. It can maintain and improve the characteristics of conventional data backup memories that the setup time therefor is ideally zero and that the worst value of a delay time can be designed to be small, while enabling data processing both at a rising and a falling edges of a clock signal.

Abstract: A context of media content is represented by context description data having a hierarchical stratum. The context description data has the highest hierarchical layer, the lowest hierarchical layer, and other hierarchical layers. The highest hierarchical layer is formed from a single element representing content. The lowest hierarchical layer is formed from an element representing a segment of media content which corresponds to a change between scenes of video data or a change in audible tones. The remaining hierarchical layers are formed from an element representing a scene or a collection of scenes. A score corresponding to the context of a scene of interest is appended, as an attribute, to the element in each of the remaining hierarchical layers. A score relating to the time information about a corresponding media segment and a context is appended, as an attribute, to individual elements in the lowest hierarchical layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the invention comprises a transparent substrate 2, a transparent electrode 6 formed on the inner surface of the transparent substrate 2, an alignment layer 7 formed over the transparent electrode 6, a composite 5 formed over the alignment layer 7, and a transparent electrode 8 on the upper surface of the composite 5. The composite 5 comprises a transparent polymer 4 and a liquid crystal droplet 3. The liquid crystal droplet 3 is configured in a substantially hemispherical shape such that a bottom surface of the droplet is in contact with the alignment layer and the remaining surface excluding the bottom surface bulges towards an upper surface of the composite 5. The polymer 4 constitutes the other surface of the composite 5 such that the polymer 4 covers the hemispherical liquid crystal droplets 3. Thus, the invention achieves a liquid crystal display device in which one of the pair of substrates is eliminated and thereby the weight of the device is significantly reduced.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes an arc tube 2 made of a glass, a holder 3 made of a heat-resistant resin for supporting the arc tube, and a case 5 having a base 6 and combined with the holder. The glass of the arc tube has light transmittance of 70% or less with respect to a wavelength of 340 nm, 50% or less with respect to 330 nm, and 15% or less with respect to 310 nm. The glass suppresses vaporization of the resin of the holder due to heat and ultraviolet ray emitted from the arc tube, thereby preventing adhesion of scattered resin to the inner surface of a globe of a lighting fixture.

Abstract: A phase comparator (106) compares a phase of the output signal of the quadrature modulator (104) with the phase of the signal obtained by frequency-converting the output signal of a first VCO (101) via the second VCO (102) and the first mixer (108). A PLL modulator includes a low-pass filter (107) filters a component below a predetermined frequency of the output signal of the phase comparator (106) and supplying the resulting signal to the frequency control terminal of the first VCO (101). The output signal (TS1) of the first VCO (101) is a modulated signal conforming to a modulation system having a constant envelope waveform, while the output signal of the quadrature modulator (104) is input to the first band-pass filter (110) and the output signal (TS2) of the first band-pass filter is a modulated signal conforming to a modulation system accompanied by an amplitude component as information.

Abstract: In a laser processing apparatus including a laser oscillator for emitting laser light onto a workpiece through an f&thgr; lens for drilling a hole in the workpiece, a wavelength selector for passing only a light ray having a specific wavelength is disposed between the laser oscillator and the workpiece.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor capable of realizing miniaturization and large capacitance and obtaining the connection, in particular electric connection between the anodes, with low resistance and high reliability. A solid electrolytic capacitor includes: a laminate including a plurality of capacitor units in which a dielectric layer and a solid electrolytic layer are laminated in this order on a predetermined surface of an anode made of a valve metal; a sealing body for sealing the laminate; and an anodic conductive elastic body formed outside the sealing body and electrically connected to the anode. The anodes are adhered to each other via the conductive elastic body. In the solid electrolytic capacitor, a part of the anode is exposed to the outside of the sealing portion and the exposed portion is covered with a plating layer, and electrically connected to the anodic conductive elastic body via the covered exposed portion.

Abstract: The medium for thermal transfer recording of the invention includes (a) a base material having a first surface and a second surface, (b) a transfer medium layer placed at the first surface side, and (c) a heat resistant lubricating layer placed at the second surface side, in which the heat resistant lubricating layer is composed of (1) a resin containing a hydroxyl group, (2) a crosslinking agent, and (3) a thermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic resin having at least one of thermal deformation temperature and glass transition temperature of 70° C. or more is preferably used. The heat resistant lubricating layer can contain an adhesive. The heat resistant lubricating layer has a crosslink structure formed by crosslinking reaction between the crosslinking agent and the resin containing a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multiplexer/demultiplexer for use in mobile communication devices and provides a small and low-loss multiplexer/demultiplexer. The present invention provides a multiplexer/demultiplexer including a first to a third ports each externally terminated with a pure resistance, in which the second port is made to be a common port by connecting between the first port and the ground a first resonant circuit which makes serial resonance at a frequency within a first frequency band or in its proximity, and further connecting an inductive element in series between the first port and the second port, and connecting between the third port and the ground a second resonant circuit which makes serial resonance at a frequency within a second frequency band which is different from the first frequency band or in its proximity, and further connecting a capacitive element in series between the third port and the second port.