Abstract: A system for characterizing a transistor circuit which has a local minimum in its transfer characteristic by finding its local minimum. The system comprises: a bias voltage generator for generating a toggling signal; a multiplier configured for multiplying an electrical signal which is a function of the drain source current of the transistor circuit, with a waveform alternating between two predefined values synchronously with the toggling signal; a first integrator configured for integrating the electrical signal from the multiplier, and wherein if more integrators are present, linear combinations of output signals of the integrators are provided to the further integrators; a summator configured for summing the toggling signal and an integration signal and configured for outputting the sum to the gate of the transistor circuit.

Abstract: A sensor interface circuit includes at least two sensor inputs and at least two front-end circuits to obtain sensor signal acquisitions from the at least two sensor inputs; a test circuit configured to test correct functionality of at least part of one of the front end circuits by applying a test input to the front end circuit under test, by reading a test output of the front end circuit, and by comparing the test output with an expected result thus obtaining at least one test result. The test input is applied intermittently between sensor signal acquisitions; a processing device is configured to compare the sensor signal acquisitions from the different sensor inputs and combine the comparison with the at least one test result to evaluate correct functionality of the sensor interface circuit.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing an optical sensor includes a photodetector and an integrator. The method comprises exposing the photodetector to incoming light; obtaining an initial integrated signal at an initial frame; at least once executing the steps of changing at least one control parameter of the optical sensor, exposing the photodetector to incoming light, and obtaining one or more subsequent integrated signals at a subsequent frame; obtaining a characteristic of the optical sensor from the obtained integrated signals; comparing the obtained characteristic with a pre-determined characteristic of the optical sensor to diagnose the optical sensor.

Abstract: A method of operating a plurality of driving units for powering electronic units is described. The method includes interchanging a data frame including a bit sequence, between a master control unit and at least one of a plurality of driving units at slave nodes. The method includes applying an ID field for addressing at least one driving unit, and applying a data field comprising information and/or instructions regarding the status of the electronic units. Applying the ID field comprises indicating the driving unit address using a first bit sub-string comprising N bits, allowing the master control unit to identify whether data should be received or transmitted, performing a data length decoding step, and adding a further bit string to the data field including information for carrying out an action by the driving unit.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) comprises a light source that emits light modulated selectively at first and second modulation frequencies. A photonic mixer cell (102) generates and stores a plurality of electrical output signals respectively corresponding to phase offset values applied in accordance with an indirect time of flight technique and in respect of the selected modulation frequency. A signal processing circuit processes a first number of the electrical output signals at the first modulation frequency to calculate a first measurement phase angle (?1) from a calculated first measurement vector, and a second number of the electrical output signals at the second modulation frequency to calculate a second measurement phase angle (?2) from a second calculated measurement vector.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sensor device comprising: configuring a moulding support structure and a packaging mould so as to provide predetermined pathways to accommodate a moulding compound, the moulding support structure defining a first notional volume adjacent a second notional volume. An elongate sensor element and the moulding support structure are configured so that the moulding support structure fixedly carries the elongate sensor element and the elongate sensor element resides substantially in the first notional volume and extends towards the second notional volume, the elongate sensor element having an electrical contact electrically coupled to another electrical contact disposed within the second notional volume. The moulding support structure carrying (102) the elongate sensor element is disposed within the packaging mould (106).

Abstract: A photonic mixer device for multiplying an impinging optical signal with a reference electrical signal includes: a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type; two detector regions of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type; two biasing regions of the first conductivity type with a higher dopant concentration than the dopant concentration of the semiconductor substrate, each biasing region positioned near one of the respective detector regions, wherein an electrical field can be formed in the semiconductor substrate by applying a voltage bias between the biasing regions; two bias electrodes, which are isolated from the substrate and the biasing regions, wherein each bias electrode is only locally, partially or completely, covering an outer edge of one of the respective biasing regions.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device comprises a substrate. A first magnetic sensor, a second magnetic sensor, and one or more inductors are disposed over the substrate and are controlled by a magnetic sensor controller having a control circuit. The control circuit is adapted for controlling the first magnetic sensor to measure magnetic fields under presence of a first set of magnetic fields, and for controlling the second magnetic sensor to measure magnetic fields under presence of a second set of magnetic fields generated by the inductors. The control circuit calculates a relative sensitivity matching value that converts magnetic field values measured by the second magnetic sensor to a comparable magnetic field value measured by the first magnetic sensor or vice versa.

Abstract: A gas sensor device (100) is configured to measure a predetermined gas of interest and comprises an enclosure (101) comprising a semiconductor substrate (102) and defining a first cavity (124), an optically transmissive second closed cavity (126) and a third cavity (128). The second cavity (126) is interposed between the first and third cavities (124, 128). The first cavity (124) comprises an inlet port (130) for receiving a gas under test, an outlet port (132) for venting the gas under test. The first cavity (124) also comprises an optical source (112) and a measurement sensor (114). The second cavity (126) is configured as a gaseous filter comprising a volume of the gas of interest sealingly disposed in the second cavity (126), and the third cavity (128) comprises a reference measurement sensor (116) disposed therein.

Abstract: A method for multipath error compensation comprises an unstructured light source (142) illuminating a scene during a plurality of consecutive time frames. A structured light source (144) illuminates the scene concurrently, the illumination by the structured source (144) occurring during predetermined frames of the plurality of consecutive time frames. An array of photodetectors (102) each generate a set of signals in response to irradiation with light reflected from the scene according to an indirect time of flight calculation technique to yield a plurality of sets of signals. An error estimate is derived (130) from the plurality of sets of signals generated during a selected time frame of the plurality of consecutive time frames when structured illumination takes place and another time frame temporally about the selected time frame when both structured and unstructured illumination takes place. The error estimate is applied in a range calculation with respect to the scene.

Abstract: A method of digitally processing an image comprises: generating an intensity distribution model (170) in respect of at least a portion of the array of sensing pixels (102) of a detector device (100). The array of sensing pixels comprises clusters of pixels. A pixel (140) from the array of sensing pixels is then selected (202) and a first distance and a second distance from the selected pixel to a first neighbouring pixel (142) and a second neighbouring pixel (144), respectively, are determined (402) and the intensity distribution model (170) referenced (406) by the first distance is used to calculate a first weight and a second weight to apply to the first and second neighbouring pixels, respectively. The first distance comprises an intra-cluster distance and the second distance comprises an inter-cluster distance, the intra-cluster distance being different from the inter-cluster distance.

Abstract: A controller configured for detecting a disturbance using a comparison of outputs of at least two sensors and for determining a pressure from the outputs of the at least two sensors. A ratio of the measurement sensitivity and the disturbance sensitivity should be different for the at least two sensors. A method for monitoring disturbances of a sensor assembly includes comparing the outputs of the at least two sensors. The controller and related method provide, while requiring only two sensors, a redundant system that is also able to detect excessive disturbances on a sensor assembly.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sensor device comprising: configuring a moulding support structure and a packaging mould so as to provide predetermined pathways to accommodate a moulding compound, the moulding support structure defining a first notional volume adjacent a second notional volume. An elongate sensor element and the moulding support structure are configured so that the moulding support structure fixedly carries the elongate sensor element and the elongate sensor element resides substantially in the first notional volume and extends towards the second notional volume, the elongate sensor element having an electrical contact electrically coupled to another electrical contact disposed within the second notional volume. The moulding support structure carrying (102) the elongate sensor element is disposed within the packaging mould (106).

Abstract: An oscillator-based sensor interface circuit includes first and second input nodes arranged to receive first and second electrical signals representative of an electrical quantity, respectively; an analog filter; a first oscillator arranged to receive a first oscillator input signal and a second oscillator different from the first oscillator and arranged to receive a second oscillator input signal; a comparator arranged to compare signals coming from the first and second oscillators; a first feedback element arranged to receive a representation of the digital comparator output signal and to convert the representation into a first feedback signal to be applied to the oscillation means; a digital filter arranged to yield an output signal, being an filtered version of the digital comparator output signal; a second feedback element arranged to receive the output signal and to convert the output signal into a second feedback signal.

Abstract: A sensor system for measuring a physical quantity includes: a bridge sensor having at least two terminal pairs, a current source for applying a bias current between the bias terminal pair, resulting in a differential sensor signal on a readout terminal pair, wherein the differential sensor signal is indicative for the physical quantity, and an amplifier comprising a first input node and a second input node for receiving the differential signal and at least one output node, wherein the amplifier is configured for amplifying the differential sensor signal and putting the resulting signal on the at least one output node, wherein the sensor system is configured such that, in operation, the amplifier is powered by at least part of the bias current.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sensor device (100) comprises providing (200) a package (102) having a first die-receiving subframe volume (104) separated from a second die-receiving subframe volume (106) by a partition wall (116). An elongate sensor element (120) is disposed (202) within the package (102) so as to bridge the first and second subframe volumes (104, 106) and to overlie the partition wall (116). The elongate sensor element (120) resides substantially in the first subframe volume (104) and partially in the second subframe volume (106). The elongate sensor element (120) is electrically connected within the second subframe volume (106).

Abstract: A system for measuring an angular position of a rotor with respect to a stator, wherein the rotor is rotatable around a rotation axis, and the system includes: a magnetic source mounted on the rotor, having at least four magnet poles and providing a periodically repetitive magnetic field pattern with respect to the rotation axis; a sensor mounted on the stator and comprising a plurality of sensor elements for measuring at least one magnetic field component of the magnetic field and for providing a measurement signal thereof; the sensor being located substantially centered around the rotation axis, in a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis at a first distance from the magnetic source; the sensor elements being located substantially on a circle at a second distance from the rotation axis; a calculator that determines the angular position by calculating it from the measurement signals.

Abstract: A transmitter device is provided for transmission of data via DC power distribution lines includes a sequence generator arranged for receiving a raw data bit stream to be transmitted over a positive and a negative DC power distribution line and for deriving a switching sequence based on the raw data bit stream, and a circuit including one or more capacitors and a plurality of switches controllable with the switching sequence derived in the sequence generator.

Abstract: A pulsed-light detection and ranging apparatus comprises an optical detector arranged to generate, when in use, time-series data in response to an optical pulse incident thereupon. A processing resource is also provided and arranged to support a pulse analyser (132). The pulse analyser (132) is arranged to identify (134) an inflection point of a pulse described by the time-series data. The pulse analyser (132) is further arranged to calculate (138) a distance based upon determined inflection point relative to a time axis associated with the time-series data.

Abstract: A piezo-resistor sensor includes a diffusion of a first conductivity type in a well of an opposite second type, contacts with islands in the diffusion, interconnects with the contacts, and a shield covers the diffusion between the contacts and extends over side walls of the diffusion between the contacts. Each interconnect covers the diffusion at the corresponding contact and extends over edges of the diffusion, and each island is at a side covered by its interconnect. A guard ring of the second type is around the diffusion. The shield covers the well between the diffusion and the ring and the edge of the ring facing the diffusion. If a gap between the shield and the interconnect is present, the ring bridges this gap, and/or the edges of the diffusion are completely covered by the combination of the shield and the interconnects.