Abstract: The invention relates to a method and arrangement for determining the amount of starch used in surface-sizing a cellulose product. In the solution according to the invention, the amount of starch is determined with a transmission method utilizing IR spectroscopy by using absorption wavelengths of cellulose. Absorption values are measured before adding a coating and after it, whereby the amount of starch is determined from the difference between these absorption values.

Abstract: Properties of an end product, such as paper, paperboard or board, are important for the user of the end product. To be able to manufacture an end product of desired quality, it is important to know what kind of paper pulp used for manufacturing the end product results in a particular kind of property of the end product. Embodiments provide a method and an apparatus for generating a model, which model connects at least one property of the end product with at least one property of the paper pulp. On the basis of the model, also the manufacturing process can be controlled.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for arranging redundancy in a process control system comprising at least one client device, at least one data source and at least one server device providing data transfer between the client device and the data source. The method comprises arranging, for the client device, at least two parallel logical connections for transferring substantially the same data between at least one data source and the client device. At the client device, property information on data units transferred via different logical connections is checked, the client device being provided with predetermined order criteria for the property information. At the client device, property information on parallel data units transferred via different logical connections is compared. Data units delivered via the logical connection having, according to the predetermined order criteria, the best property information are selected for the use of one or more applications processing the data units.

Abstract: The invention relates to a NMR method for determining moisture content of a sample, in which method a sample is subjected to a magnetic DC-field, the sample under magnetic DC-field is subjected to a sequence of excitation pulses in RF-frequency with pulse interval for exciting hydrogen nuclei, and NMR signal of the excited hydrogen nuclei is measured. In accordance with the invention spin-lattice relaxation time is estimated for the sample, and pulse interval is adjusted longer than the estimated spin-lattice relaxation time.

Abstract: A measurement device measures a liquid flow discharged from a funnel in a lower branch and/or a side branch. A modelling function is established between liquid flows received with the funnel and/or liquid flows discharged through the lower branch and/or the side branch. In drainability measurement, a sensor measures the flow through a wire out of a measurement chamber at least at two points in time. A processor establishes a parameter descriptive of the drainability from flows measured at the different points in time based on a modelling function stored in a memory.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnet and a method manufacturing the same. The electromagnet includes a frame having a volume within, and a conductive wiring wound around the frame. In accordance with the invention the magnet includes at least two circular grooves having two walls parallel to the each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame, at least two wire stacks each including at least one substack, wherein the wire has a cross section, at least one of the walls separating the two circular grooves, and jump wiring interconnecting the stacks so that contributions from jump wires of the adjacent stacks to total axial directional current are cancelled in average by the current of the return current wire, such that their contribution to the resulting magnetic field at the sample volume is minimized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for monitoring a web. The device includes cameras imaging the web in order to take digital images of the web from a transverse area of the web at the imaging frequency. Each camera includes an image element, which consists of pixels. The individual pixels of the imaging element of the camera are real image-elements. The real image-elements are arranged to combine to form effective image-elements of the web in the machine direction. In addition, the cameras used in the device are matrix cameras, the imaging elements in which are arranged to be exposed simultaneously. The real image-elements are arranged to be combined to form effective image-elements by exploiting the binning function of the matrix camera. The device includes a strobe-lighting unit, the synchronization of which is arranged in step with the exposure of the matrix cameras, the imaging periods being common to all the cameras.

Abstract: An automation system and a method for controlling a process and for monitoring the condition of process equipment. The method comprises the steps of measuring process signals indicating the condition of the process by means of a first sensor; measuring condition monitoring signals indicating the condition of process components by means of a second sensor; processing the process signals by means of a first I/O module; processing the condition monitoring signals by means of a second I/O module; transmitting the processed process signals obtained from the first I/O module to a process station. The method also comprises the steps of transferring the processed condition monitoring signals obtained from the second I/O module to the same process station; and processing both the said processed process signals and the said processed condition monitoring signals by process station software in the said process station.

Abstract: The solution provides a frequency distribution of a dimension of objects projected onto an image, the distribution being generated by measuring the dimension of the objects in a space in which the position of each object is at least partly free, the dimension of each object in the image depending on the position of the object. The frequency distribution of the projected objects is weighted by a weighting operation compensating for the impact of the projection in order to generate a real frequency distribution of the objects.

Abstract: A method for guiding web patching, using a re-reeler, in connection with a paper machine and an off-line coating machine, in which method a defect map of the web is created on the paper machine, to show deviations some of which are shown on the coating machine, using selected criteria, to the operator, the deviations being patched using the re-reeler, guided by the defect map and preset patching rules. On the coating machine, the virtual location of the selected deviations is monitored through the coating machine and if a possible web break occurs, a deviation is localized relative to the web break, and on the basis of this monitoring, feedback is provided to the patching rules of the re-reeler, in order to optimize them.

Abstract: The invention relates to a valve comprising a housing and a closing member arranged in the housing, from which member a shaft protrudes via which the closing member is rotatable in the housing. In order to provide a working and easy-to-use valve, the closing member comprises a sector closing the opening, a flexible sector having a thinner wall than the closing sector, a guiding sector having the same radius (R) as the inner surface of the housing wall, and an open sector.

Abstract: Optical radiation sources functioning on different optical bands radiate on different optical bands and focus optical radiation on a region in a web surface as pulses in such a manner that illumination areas of the pulses overlap on the plane of the web. At most one optical radiation band is focused on the web from the direction of the normal. The spatial intensity distribution of at least one optical band differs from the uniform distribution and the intensity distributions of at least two different optical bands differ from one another in a predetermined manner. A camera forms still images of the web surface region on each optical radiation band. An image-processing unit determines the surface topography of the web on the basis of the images. In addition, a controller may control the paper manufacturing process on the basis of the determined surface topography.

Abstract: A moistening nozzle of a paper web comprises a frame into which air and water are fed. Inside the frame there is arranged a water nozzle wherewith water is conducted to an outlet of the moistening nozzle and an air nozzle wherewith air is correspondingly conducted to the outlet. The air nozzle and the water nozzle are arranged one within the other such that the air and the water form water mist that is sprayed out from the moistening nozzle. The air nozzle is provided with a thread that brings the air in swirling motion. The air nozzle comprises a sleeve part with an opening through which air is discharged and in said opening there is arranged a piece that is an integral part of the frame of the moistening nozzle, whereby a part of the moistening nozzle frame forms an inner edge of the air gap provided by said piece and the sleeve part.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling a flow control valve, comprising measuring a flow at a suitable point of a flow process and calculating a pressure drop across the valve from a Cv curve of the valve, a measured valve opening ?m, and the measured flow (Qm). From this calculated pressure drop, a flow set point (Qsp), and an inverse Cv curve of the valve, a new valve opening (?c) providing the desired flow is calculated. The control is thus adapted to each operating point and its prevailing flow gain and linearizes the dependence between flow control and flow.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining the total peroxide content of a cellulose pulp suspension in the pulp suspension bleaching stage, wherein the bleaching chemical is peroxide. A sample is taken from the pulp suspension, which sample is measured in a measuring device (25, 25?). Before measuring, the pH of the sample is adjusted and after that the total peroxide content or the perhydroxyl content of the sample is measured, of which measurement the total peroxide content of the sample is determined.

Abstract: One measuring part of a traversing measuring unit measures at least one characteristic of a web with a first radiation type from a plurality of measuring locations during a traversing movement at successive moments in time. At least two measuring parts of an array measuring unit measure at least one characteristic of the web with another radiation type during each traversing movement at a plurality of different moments in time by directing the measurement to a plurality of measuring locations in the web at each moment in time. A signal processing unit is arranged to estimate at least one characteristic measured by the traversing measuring unit with at least one measurement of the array measuring unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a LED light matrix (14) equipped with impulse means for illuminating a moving object (10) in a selected area (11) from an oblique direction for video imaging, said LED light matrix (14) including a group of LEDs (15, 16) each equipped with optics for focusing the light produced by the LED, and with the group being located substantially obliquely relative to the object to be illuminated. Separate LEDs (15, 16) of the LED light matrix (14) are so oriented that the intensity distribution of illumination in the selected area (11) is weighted proportionally to the distance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a control valve which comprises a first and a second flow channel (2, 3), a valve chamber (4) and a closing member (5), from which a shaft (6) extends. A flow connection is established in the control valve through the inner part of the chamber (4). The flow connection into the chamber (4) and the one out of the chamber (4) are constricted at all openings (A1, A2, A3) when the closing member (5) is turned about the rotation axis (10) in the chamber (4).

Abstract: A method for the calibration of measuring equipment, and measuring equipment. The measuring equipment comprises at least one first sensor, at least one second sensor and at least one reference piece. When the measuring equipment is calibrated, a moving web is supported against the reference piece and the reference piece with the moving web supported thereto is moved to different distances from the first sensor and the second sensor. Further, a distance between the first sensor and the moving web and a distance between the second sensor and the reference piece is measured at least for two different distances, and the first sensor and the second sensor are calibrated to be uniform in relation to the movement of the reference piece.

Abstract: An axial locking of a valve shaft to be non-turnably attached to a closing element of a valve, an end of the shaft to be attached to the closing element being machined on two opposite sides in order to fit into a pivot recess formed in the outer perimeter of the closing element. A collar part is provided to be fitted to the end of the shaft and to be turned into a locking position, one of the end surfaces of the main part of said collar part having at least one axial projection that fits into the pivot recess of the closing element of the valve when the collar part is in the locking position and the end of the shaft is positioned into the pivot recess of the closing element.