Abstract: Data cells arriving in a switching unit are routed to virtual output queues. Load balancing method selects switching elements based on a dynamic utilization tracked by request virtual output queues that store switching requests from the virtual output queues.

Abstract: There are provided short term enhancement methods and systems to improve perceptual quality in reproduced speech. According to one aspect, a method of enhancing a speech signal includes processing said speech signal to generate a plurality of frames, wherein each of said plurality frames includes a plurality of subframes, coding a previous subframe of said plurality of subframes using Code-Excited Linear Prediction to generate a previous excitation signal, and applying short term enhancement on said previous excitation signal to enhance a current excitation signal for a current subframe.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing adaptive error correction for a fax and/or modem over packet network session is disclosed. A gateway device configured in accordance with the present invention comprises a controller configured to receive a signal from its local client device and a signal processor coupled to said controller. The signal processor encodes the signal based on a level of error correction selected by the controller. The controller is configured to determine a mode of operation of the local client device from the signal, and then select a level of error correction used by the signal processor to encode the signal based on the determined mode of operation of the local client device.

Abstract: A method is provided for detecting music in a speech signal having a plurality of frames. The method comprises obtaining one or more first pitch correlation candidates from a first frame of the plurality of frames; obtaining one or more second pitch correlation candidates from a second frame of the plurality of frames; selecting a pitch correlation (Rp) from the one or more first pitch correlation candidates and the one or more second pitch correlation candidates; and distinguishing music from background noise based on analyzing the pitch correlation (Rp).

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for reducing the error rate in a received signal by determining and establishing an optimal slice point for a decision device, or optimal operational parameters. In one embodiment, a processor monitors a received signal to determine signal characteristics, such as a peak signal level or phase value. A table look-up operation may occur in a data table or other processing may occur and, based on the signal characteristics, an optimal slice point may be determined. In one embodiment the look-up operation may also reveal one or more optimal operational parameters that, if adopted, will further reduce the error rate. A receiving station may communicate these optimal operational parameters to a transmitting station to modify operation of the transmitting station. Also disclosed is a method and apparatus for self-testing a communication system and channel to determine optimal slice points and operational parameters.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, the disclosed VLIW processor comprises a number of threads where each thread includes a processing unit. For example, there can be two threads, where each of the two threads has its own processing unit. According to this exemplary embodiment, a number of VLIW packets are divided into a number of issue groups. As an example, two VLIW packets are divided into two issue groups each. The first issue group in the first VLIW packet is provided to a first thread for execution in the first thread processing unit during a first clock cycle. Concurrently, the first issue group in the second VLIW packet is provided to a second thread for execution in the second thread processing unit during the same clock cycle, i.e. during the first clock cycle. Moreover, the second issue group in the first VLIW packet is provided to the first thread for execution in the first thread processing unit during a second clock cycle.

Abstract: A speech encoding system and method for encoding a speech data signal including a number of frames. The speech encoding system includes a speech data rate determinator and a number of speech data signal encoders. The speech data rate determinator determines the data rate of each of the frames and selects one of the speech data signal encoders based on each data rate. Each frame may be encoded using a different encoding method or standard. The encoding system may further include a network controller for selecting any number of the speech data signal encoders based on predetermined factors.

Abstract: Debugging a multiprocessor system utilizing at least two debuggers is disclosed. A user command is issued through a first debugger to a first processor in the multiprocessor system. The user command can be converted to a debugger RPC command by a first proxy module associated with the first debugger. The user command can be intercepted by a scheduler. A second processor in the multiprocessor system is then informed, for example by the scheduler, of the issuance of the user command. The user command is executed by both the first and second processors and both the first and second debuggers can then be informed by means of processor RPC commands of the execution of the user command. The processor RPC commands can be converted to callback commands by respective first and second proxy modules associated with the first and second processors when being sent to the first and second debuggers.

Abstract: A method for detecting music in a speech signal having a plurality of frames. The method comprises defining a music threshold value for a first parameter extracted from a frame of the speech signal, defining a background noise threshold value for the first parameter, and defining an unsure threshold value for the first parameter. The unsure threshold value falls between the music threshold value and the background noise threshold value. If the first parameter falls between the music threshold value and the background noise threshold value, the speech signal is classified as music or background noise based on analyzing a plurality of first parameters extracted from the plurality of frames.

Abstract: Speech coding systems include multi-rate speech codecs having an encoder and a decoder. Silence description coding for multi-rate speech coding systems that employ discontinued transmission is performed in either the encoder or the decoder of the multi-rate speech codec. It may also be performed in a distributed manner wherein it is performed partially in the encoder and partially in the decoder. The silence description coding is performed on a speech signal having a substantially non-speech-like characteristic. Voice activity detection classifies the speech signal as being either substantially speech-like or substantially non-speech-like. The silence description coding is selected from a plurality of coding modes. In certain embodiments of the invention, the silence description coding is a source coding mode that operates at a bit rate that fits within a bit rate budget as determined by all of the available source coding modes within the plurality of coding modes.

Abstract: Various media stream processing systems and methods are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a media stream processing method is provided that includes the brokering of a number of communications channels between a communications network and a packet switched network with a number of media stream processors. Each of the communications channels is specified by a profile having a number of channel parameters. The method also includes storing each of the profiles in a standby media stream processor when each of the media stream processors is operational. Finally, the method includes brokering respective ones of the communications channels originally brokered by one of the media stream processors with the standby media stream processor upon a failure of the one of the media stream processors.

Abstract: A speech compression system capable of encoding a speech signal into a bitstream for subsequent decoding to generate synthesized speech is disclosed. The speech compression system optimizes the bandwidth consumed by the bitstream by balancing the desired average bit rate with the perceptual quality of the reconstructed speech. The speech compression system comprises a full-rate codec, a half-rate codec, a quarter-rate codec and an eighth-rate codec. The codecs are selectively activated based on a rate selection. In addition, the full and half-rate codec are selectively activated based on a type classification. Each codec is selectively activated to encode and decode the speech signals at different bit rates emphasizing different aspects of the speech signal to enhance overall quality of the synthesized speech. The overall quality of the system is strongly related to the excitation. In order to enhance the excitation, the system contains a fixed codebook comprising several subcodebooks.

Abstract: A method of automatically translating an opcode summary table into an Architecture Description Language (“ADL”) can be employed to efficiently design and test a microprocessor instruction set. An opcode summary table is analyzed and code is generated in an ADL. The generated code can be optimized by first analyzing the opcode summary table to find groupings and sub-groupings of instructions based on similarities. The optimized code can be generated by first generating code for common elements within the sub-group, then generating code for each instruction within the sub-group. This process would repeated for each group in the opcode summary table. The result is an ADL description of the opcode summary table.

Abstract: A system including an adaptive code book and a fixed code book for code excited linear prediction coding of speech signals is provided. The invention includes an embedded adaptive code book in the fixed code book and the selection procedure for selecting excitation vector parameters. A code book update system updates the fixed code book with embedded adaptive code book based on the long term processing excitation vector parameters with previous synthesized excitation.

Abstract: In one embodiment, move buses utilized in presently known VLIW processors are eliminated and replaced with a busing scheme which results in transfer of operands from each register file bank to any data path block while also reducing the total bus width and total power consumption associated with transport of operands from register file banks to data path blocks. According to this busing scheme, the speed of VLIW processor is also improved since the need for one clock cycle to move operands from one register file bank to another is overcome. In another embodiment, a scheduling restriction is used to eliminate the need for the presently required write back buses used by various data path blocks. In yet another embodiment, a scheduling restriction is imposed which results in a reduction of the number of ports, a reduction in the width of buses, and a reduction of power consumption.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for processing communication packets having separate data buffers and separate state information buffers. Each data buffer and each state information buffer (hereinafter termed resources) has an associated in-use counter. Multiple events can share the same resource. The counter associated with a resource is incremented when a resource becomes associated with a particular event. The counter associated with a resource is decremented when an event completes the use of that particular resource. When the in-use counter for a resource becomes zero, the in-use counter indicates that the resource is unassigned and that the resource can be assigned to a new event.

Abstract: A intelligent network interface network port (INIP) is provided that enables a visiting computer to be connected to a local area network (LAN), even though the LAN is not configured to support the visiting computer. Upon detecting one of several specific types of messages, the INIP modifies the message, retransmits the modified message and notifies the visiting computer that the INIP is the appropriate target for the message, thus acting as a relay point between the visiting computer and other devices both on the LAN and accessible through it. This enables the visiting computer to transparently connect to a LAN that is not configured to support it.

Abstract: Ring access control circuitry comprises a receive interface, a host interface coupled to the receive interface, a mate interface coupled to the host interface, a flow control agent coupled to the mate interface, a transmit interface coupled to the flow control agent, and a wrap path coupled from between the flow control agent and the transmit interface to between the receive interface and the host interface. A wrap is initiated over the wrap path in response to a link failure. The ring being controlled could be a resilient packet ring.

Abstract: A fax over Internet protocol client driver. The present invention enables a client to support a fax over Internet protocol. Whereas conventional systems commonly rely upon an Internet service provider (ISP) to support the fax over Internet protocol functionality, the invention ensures that a client can perform multiple Internet sessions, one of which is a fax over Internet protocol session. There is no need to disconnect from a current Internet session, and then re-establish another Internet session. The client is any number of devices including a personal computer, a laptop computer, a pen based computer, an Internet capable fax machine, or any other fax capable device. By providing a fax over Internet protocol driver within the client, the client can send a fax transmission over the Internet, even in the situation where the ISP that the client solicits does not support that particular functionality.

Abstract: A communication system is provided for transferring data through a digital switching network. The communication system includes a client modem, a linecard in communication with the client modem over a local loop, and a linecard modem interfacing with the linecard and the digital switching network. The client modem modulates client data to generate modulated client data for transmission to the linecard over the local loop, and the linecard modem receives the modulated client data from the linecard and demodulates the modulated client data to generate the client data for transmission through the digital switching network. Further, the linecard modem modulates network data from the digital switching network to generate modulated network data for transmission to the client modem over the local loop, and the client modem receives and demodulates the modulated network data to generate the network data.