Abstract: A magnetic rail brake device includes a magnetic main part and pole shoes with friction surfaces. The friction surfaces of the pole shoes are made of the material of the main part in first regions and of a different material in second regions.

Abstract: The heat exchanger having a heat exchanging channel (11, 21, 31) comprises an inlet (9) and an outlet (33) for a medium flowing through the heat exchanging channel. The heat exchanger has at least two stages (10, 20, 30) being arranged one after the other in view to the flowing direction of the medium, each stage having a heat exchanging channel (11, 21, 31). The first stage has at least one guiding channel (12) arranged parallel to the heat exchanging channel (11). The heat exchanging channel (11, 21, 31) has at the end of the respective stage (10, 20, 30) at least one outlet (13, 23, 33) and the guiding channel (12, 22) of the respective stage is connected with the heat exchanging channel (21, 31) of the next following stage (20, 30). By this unused heat transfer medium is fed to each stage, said heat transfer medium having a higher temperature difference with respect to the respective heat exchanging channel. By this a good heat transfer efficiency is realized even with relatively long flow pathes.

Abstract: A lighting module may include a lighting band with a band-shaped flexible substrate, wherein at least one semiconductor light source is applied to a top side of the substrate, wherein the lighting module is faced with a protective layer such that at least one emission area of the at least one semiconductor light source is exposed thereby.

Abstract: LEDs having a low color temperature up to 5000 K, comprising a blue-emitting LED and, connected upstream thereof, two phosphors having a first phosphor from the class of the chliorosilicates and a second phosphor from the class of the nitridosilicates having the formula (Ca,Sr)2Si5N8:Eu.

Abstract: A luminous device with a semiconductor light source and a light-transmissive converter element including a wavelength-converting phosphor sensitive to the light emitted by the semiconductor light source is disclosed. The semiconductor light source can be at least partly covered by the converter element and the converter element is movable such that the proportion of light which is wavelength-converted by the converter element is adjustable depending on the position of the converter element.

Abstract: A light source comprises a light-emitting device to emit electromagnetic radiation from an emitting surface and an optical element having a light input surface, a light output surface and side surfaces connecting the light input surface to the light output surface. The light input surface is located in the optical path of the light-emitting device, the electromagnetic radiation entering the optical element through the light input surface, and the light input surface has a concave curvature and an area being smaller than the area of the light output surface.

Abstract: A method for fitting a base for a discharge lamp is provided. The method may include providing a discharge lamp with an end region, on which an option is provided for making contact with an electrode located in the interior of the discharge vessel; applying material to the end region; positioning a base sleeve onto the end region with the material; and positioning a clamping ring onto the base sleeve; wherein the clamping ring is of the kind that has at least one bead.

Abstract: A method for minimizing the insulation stress of a high-pressure discharge lamp system, with an operating device, which generates a high voltage for starting the high-pressure discharge lamp, wherein a starting voltage time sum applied during lamp starting is minimized, the starting voltage time sum is the sum of all time segments Zi during which the magnitude of the starting voltage exceeds a starting voltage limit, and the starting voltage limit is defined as the factor range of a maximum value, in terms of magnitude, of the applied high voltages.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a device for dimming a light source is provided. The device may include a two-wire power supply line having interposed therein a switch for controlling transfer of the power supply towards the light source; a capacitance located downstream of the switch being traversed by a charge current as the switch is switched on; and a pre-charge stage interposed between the switch and the capacitance; the pre-charge stage being configured to limit to a given value the charge current.

Abstract: A method for profiling the broad sides of a flat key, a key blank being clamped in a clamping device so that the broad side of the key blank is exposed. Guide grooves and variation grooves which are complementary to the longitudinal sectional profile of the cutter teeth are milled into the broad side by advance in the longitudinal direction of the key, in one work operation, using a milling cutter that has cutter teeth on its peripheral surface and rotates about a cutter shaft. To produce undercut grooves, the axis of the cutter shaft is inclined at an angle of inclination relative to the longitudinal center plane of the key, ribs of the cutter teeth producing an undercut guide wall using at least one rib.

Abstract: A method for profiling broad sides of a flat reversible key. A key blank is clamped to expose the first broad side of the key blank and complementary grooves and ribs are milled using a milling cutter with cutter teeth by advance in the longitudinal direction of the key relative to the longitudinal section profile of the cutter teeth. The key blank is then clamped in a position turned by 180° about the longitudinal center axis of the key so that the second broad side of the blank is exposed, and complementary grooves and ribs are milled into the broad side with milling cutter, by advance in the longitudinal direction of the key. The cutter shaft axes is inclined at an angle of inclination (?) relative to the longitudinal center plane of the key, at least one cutter tooth rib of the cutter teeth producing an undercut guide wall.

Abstract: A light-emitting module may include at least one receiver configured to wirelessly tap off energy from an alternating field, and at least one light source, which is connected to the receiver for tapping off electrical power, wherein the at least one light-emitting module is surrounded at least partially by a protective housing, wherein the light-emitting module is self-aligning.

Abstract: A red-emitting luminescent material that belongs to the class of nitridosilicates and is doped with at least one activator D, in particular Eu, wherein the material is a modified D-doped alkaline earth nitridosilicate M2Si5N8, where M=one or more elements belonging to the group Sr, Ca, Ba, with the nitridosilicate having been stabilized by an oxidic or oxinitridic—in particular alkaline earth—phase.

Abstract: A method for operating a lamp may include: Connecting a device to a pair of input connections of an electronic ballast and by this means determining a respective dimming duration for at least one predetermined situation; and Activating the lamp by the electronic ballast in at least one predetermined situation such that the lamp emits light with a reduced intensity compared with the normal intensity at which the lamp otherwise emits light over a period of a dimming duration determined for this situation.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a circuit arrangement for operating at least one discharge lamp. In order to prevent intrinsic flicker at low dimming settings and low temperatures, according to various embodiments, a direct current which is fed into the discharge lamp so as to avoid striated discharges at relatively high dimming settings is reduced or entirely eliminated.

Abstract: The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defect of the present judgment method for automobile cooling system. It is an inspection method based on the aging degree of lubricating oil of the oil reservoir sensor. The invitation is a method based on the inspection to avoid excessive maintenance of the automobile cooling system, its feature: With a type of antifreeze freezing point detection module and main controller, and etc, to detect the freezing point of the antifreeze before maintenance, it will show the degree of aging. If the result shows no need to change the antifreeze, then keep using to avoid excessive maintenance, which will reduce the maintenance fee and save resources. The main controller checks the records like maintenance interval, maintenance content, travelled distance, and etc. These records could be auxiliary judgment conditions. Main controller and antifreeze freezing point detection module 1 are connected by cable.

Abstract: This invention is a method to prevent excessive maintenance to vehicle lubricating system based on detection, to overcome the defect in maintenance procedure. The method prevents excessive maintenance to vehicle lubricating system based on detection, with oil detection module and host controller. Its working principle is to detect the aging degree of lube before maintenance, and decide whether to change the lube according to detection result. It will help to prevent excessive maintenance, reduce maintenance cost for car owners, and decrease the waste of resource. Oil detection module includes oil chamber sensor, capacitance detection chip, and etc. Host controller is connected to oil detection module by cables.

Abstract: This invention is a method to prevent excessive maintenance to vehicle lubricating system based on detection, to overcome the defect in maintenance procedure. Technical measures are as follows: it is a method to prevent excessive maintenance to vehicle lubricating system based on detection, with oil detection module 1 and host controller 4. Its working principle is to detect the aging degree of lube before maintenance, and decide whether to change the lube according to detection result. It will help to prevent excessive maintenance, reduce maintenance cost for car owners, and decrease the waste of resource. Oil detection module 1 includes oil chamber sensor 2, capacitance detection chip 3 etc. Host controller 4 is connected to oil detection module 1 by cables.

Abstract: A casing for electronic ballast, in which a PCB assembly is received, may include: a top wall; a bottom wall opposite to the top wall; two opposite side walls extending integrally between the top wall and bottom wall; and two opposite end walls extending integrally from the top wall, wherein the top wall, bottom wall, side walls and end walls are formed integrally, the top wall, bottom wall and side walls define openings at both ends of the casing in a lengthwise direction of the casing, the end walls are arranged to be pivotable relative to the top wall so as to close the openings formed by the top wall, bottom wall and side walls.

Abstract: In a door hinge for hidden placement between a door frame and a door leaf a first hinge rod is rotatably mounted on a door frame receiving body at one end and at another end is guided rotatably and displaceably in a slot link guide of a door leaf receiving body, a second hinge rod is rotatably mounted on the door leaf receiving body at one end and at another end is guided rotatably and displaceably in a slot link guide of the door frame receiving body, disposed at an angle of at least 45° relative to front surfaces of the door leaf in a closed position, and a depth of the door frame receiving body is less than 80% of a depth of the door leaf receiving body.