Abstract: As shown in FIG. 1(a), substrate 1 having a growth plane having a concavo-convex surface is used. When GaN group crystal is vapor phase grown using this substrate, the concavo-convex shape suppresses growth in the lateral direction and promotes growth in the C axis direction, thereby affording a base surface capable of forming a facet plane. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1(b), a crystal having a facet plane is grown in a convex part, and a crystal is also grown in a concave part. When the crystal growth is continued, the films grown from the convex part and the concave part are joined in time to cover a concavo-convex surface and become flat as shown in FIG. 1(c). In this case, an area having a low a dislocation density is formed in the upper part of the convex part where facet plane was formed, and the prepared film has high quality.

Abstract: A growth plane of substrate 1 is processed to have a concavo-convex surface. The bottom of the concave part may be masked. When a crystal is grown by vapor phase growth using this substrate, an ingredient gas does not sufficiently reach the inside of a concave part 12, and therefore, a crystal growth occurs only from an upper part of a convex part 11. As shown in FIG. 1(b), therefore, a crystal unit 20 occurs when the crystal growth is started, and as the crystal growth proceeds, films grown in the lateral direction from the upper part of the convex part 11 as a starting point are connected to cover the concavo-convex surface of the substrate 1, leaving a cavity 13 in the concave part, as shown in FIG. 1(c), thereby giving a crystal layer 2, whereby the semiconductor base of the present invention is obtained. In this case, the part grown in the lateral direction, or the upper part of the concave part 12 has a low dislocation region and the crystal layer prepared has high quality.

Abstract: A growth plane of substrate 1 is processed to have a concavo-convex surface. The bottom of the concave part may be masked. When a crystal is grown by vapor phase growth using this substrate, an ingredient gas does not sufficiently reach the inside of a concave part 12, and therefore, a crystal growth occurs only from an upper part of a convex part 11. As shown in FIG. 1(b), therefore, a crystal unit 20 occurs when the crystal growth is started, and as the crystal growth proceeds, films grown in the lateral direction from the upper part of the convex part 11 as a starting point are connected to cover the concavo-convex surface of the substrate 1, leaving a cavity 13 in the concave part, as shown in FIG. 1(c), thereby giving a crystal layer 2, whereby the semiconductor base of the present invention is obtained. In this case, the part grown in the lateral direction, or the upper part of the concave part 12 has a low dislocation region and the crystal layer prepared has high quality.

Abstract: A rotation shaft seal provided with a rubber sealing portion which contacts a surface of a rotation shaft and an outer case to which the rubber sealing portion is unitedly fixed. The outer case has an inner brim portion on an inner end portion on a sealed fluid side. The inner brim portion is covered by the rubber sealing portion. A sliding portion is disposed on an axis-orthogonal face including the inner brim portion.

Abstract: Onto a surface of a cylindrical core body 1 made of synthetic resin, is adhered a heater unit 2 which is formed by adhering, with an adhesive agent, an electric resistance member 4 made of a SUS foil on an inner surface of a flexible electrically insulating plate 3 made of synthetic resin. The electric resistance member 4 is formed by half-punching the SUS foil uniformly applied on the electrically insulating plate into a given configuration and removing an unnecessary portion. The electric resistance member 4 has a small width, a large length and a zigzag shape to increase electric resistance. Both ends of the electric resistance member constitute connecting portions for an electric power supply wire 5 and are arranged side by side at one end of the electrically insulating plate.

Abstract: A rotation shaft seal provided with a rubber sealing portion which contacts a surface of a rotation shaft and an outer case to which the rubber sealing portion is unitedly fixed. The outer case has an inner brim portion on an inner end portion on a sealed fluid side. The inner brim portion is covered by the rubber sealing portion. A sliding portion is disposed on an axis-orthogonal face including the inner brim portion.

Abstract: A grip heater control apparatus (7) capable of increasing the opportunities to enable a heater (2) to warm a grip (1) while suppressing a voltage drop of a battery (10), the grip heater control apparatus comprising a heater (2) for generating heat by means of electric power supplied from the battery (10), the heater being provided in a grip (1) of a steering handle of a vehicle having a generator (9) for generating electricity interlocking with the rotation of an engine as a propulsive source and the battery (10) charged by the generator (9), and a heater control unit for controlling the electric energy supplied to the heater (2) from the battery (10), wherein a revolutions detecting unit is provided for detecting the number of revolutions of the engine or the generator (9) and the heater control unit includes a unit for determining an upper limit on the upper limit electric energy supplied to the heater (2) depending on the detected number of revolutions.

Abstract: A growth plane of substrate 1 is processed to have a concavo-convex surface. The bottom of the concave part may be masked. When a crystal is grown by vapor phase growth using this substrate, an ingredient gas does not sufficiently reach the inside of a concave part 12, and therefore, a crystal growth occurs only from an upper part of a convex part 11. As shown in FIG. 1(b), therefore, a crystal unit 20 occurs when the crystal growth is started, and as the crystal growth proceeds, films grown in the lateral direction from the upper part of the convex part 11 as a starting point are connected to cover the concavo-convex surface of the substrate 1, leaving a cavity 13 in the concave part, as shown in FIG. 1(c), thereby giving a crystal layer 2, whereby the semiconductor base of the present invention is obtained. In this case, the part grown in the lateral direction, or the upper part of the concave part 12 has a low dislocation region and the crystal layer prepared has high quality.

Abstract: When forming a periodically-poled structure on a nonlinear optical crystal 1 that permits wavelength conversion and/or optical computing, the group velocity matching conditions are determined to synchronize the group velocity of the incident light L1 with that of the outgoing light L2, and the polarization reversal period of the periodically-poled structure is determined to satisfy quasi-phase matching conditions for the aforementioned wavelength conversion and/or optical computing. As a result, the problems associated with wavelength conversion of the pulsed light due to a difference in the group velocity are suppressed.

Abstract: Even in the case of a bar-like small terminal connection, its strength is retained. In (a), a strip (21) made, for example, of a thin metal sheet having a thickness of 0.2 mm and a predetermined width is collapsed by rolling to a thickness of 0.16 mm as in (b). Subsequently, as in (c), the longitudinal opposite sides (22, 23) of the strip (21) are erected with respect to the base plate (24), then inwardly bent, as in (d), and folded onto the base (24), as in (e). Further, the folded opposite sides (22, 23) are erected together with the base plate (24) into a closely contacted state, whereupon as in (f), the folded body is mechanically compressed from all sides into a form having a 0.64-mm square cross section.

Abstract: A metal seal of ring as a whole disposed between a first contact flat face portion and a second contact flat face portion parallel to each other. This metal seal has a middle base portion, a first contact convex portion, and a second contact convex portion. The first contact convex portion protrudes from an inner side and the second contact convex portion protrudes from an outer side. The metal seal generates torsional elastic deformation around the middle base portion as a center in an attached and compressed state.

Abstract: A grip heater control apparatus enabling a driver to visually identifying the electrified condition of a heater and to control the temperature of the heater easily during vehicle driving and enabling the configuration for the temperature control and the visual identification to be space-saving. A single light emitter (4) is provided as an indicator along with heater temperature operators (5, 6) at an end of a grip (1). The indication control unit includes a unit for executing an operating state indication control process including a process of variably setting a first predetermined cycle, which is a blinking cycle of the light emitter (4), according to target electric energy set by a target electric energy setting unit in response to an operation of the heater temperature operator (5, 6) when operated and a process of blinking the light emitter (4) in the set first predetermined cycle.

Abstract: Concaves and convexes 1a are formed by processing the surface layer of a first layer 1, and second layer 2 having a different refractive index from the first layer is grown while burying the concaves and convexes (or first crystal 10 is grown as concaves and convexes on crystal layer S to be the base of the growth, and second crystal 20 is grown, which has a different refractive index from the first crystal). After forming these concavo-convex refractive index interfaces 1a (10a), an element structure, wherein semiconductor crystal layers containing a light-emitting layer A are laminated, is formed. As a result, the light in the lateral direction, which is generated in the light-emitting layer changes its direction by an influence of the concavo-convex refractive index interface and heads toward the outside.

Abstract: The fiber-wired sheet of the present invention includes a pair of sheets facing each other and a fiber arrangement sandwiched by the pair of sheets. The pair of sheets have respective adhesive layers on the surfaces facing the fiber arrangement. The fiber arrangement has a double-layer structure composed of a continuous fiber, and the layers are in contact with the respective adhesive layers.

Abstract: A polarization-maintaining optical fiber and absolutely single-polarization optical fiber are provided which enable long distance transmission maintaining a polarization state of signal light. The polarization-maintaining optical fiber includes a core, photonic crystal cladding, and jacket. The photonic crystal cladding is divided into four segments by broken lines from the center to the periphery. Among a plurality of grating holes in a pair of segments opposed to each other with respect to the core, the diameter of grating holes close to the core is greater than the diameter of grating holes in another pair of segments opposed with each other, and than a grating constant.

Abstract: A photonic crystal fiber (1) has a fiber body including a core (2) and a cladding (3) which is provided to surround the core (2) and having a plurality of microscopic holes (3a) extending along the core (2). In the photonic crystal fiber (1), the openings of the plurality of microscopic holes (3a) of the cladding (3) located at an end of the fiber body are closed with blocking element (5) having a lower refractive index than the core (2), and thereafter the fiber end face is polished.

Abstract: A metal seal of ring as a whole disposed between a first contact flat face portion and a second contact flat face portion parallel to each other. This metal seal has a middle base portion, a first contact convex portion, and a second contact convex portion. The first contact convex portion protrudes from an inner side and the second contact convex portion protrudes from an outer side. The metal seal generates torsional elastic deformation around the middle base portion as a center in an attached and compressed state.

Abstract: A rotation shaft seal to seal liquid, which is poor of lubricant liquid, stably for a long time. In a rotation shaft seal, provided with a rubber lip portion having a sliding inner peripheral edge portion which contacts a rotation shaft to seal liquid on a pressure chamber side, a lubricant liquid well portion is disposed near the sliding inner peripheral edge portion.

Abstract: An anti-slip device provided with a supporting plate of metal or resin having an attachment portion on a reverse face for other members, and a rubber elastic body unitedly mounted on the supporting plate. Plural connection holes are formed from an obverse face to the reverse face of the supporting plate. Further, the rubber elastic body is composed of a receiving piece portion covering approximately whole of the obverse face and a falling-prevention portion from the reverse face to connect the receiving piece portion through a peripheral portion and the connection hole.