Abstract: A fiber-reinforced resin composition, which comprises:an epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule,a polymerizable unsaturated group-containing epoxy compound of the following general formula [I], ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 to 20,a liquid carboxylic acid anhydride containing a monofunctional carboxylic acid anhydride and/or a polyfunctional carboxylic acid anhydride obtained by reacting a lower aliphatic polyhydric alcohol with a trimellitic acid or a derivative thereof,a curing promoter,a radical polymerization initiator, anda fiber,the glass transition temperature (Tg, .degree.C.) and breaking strain (E, %) of a cured product of said composition satisfying the following formulae:Tg.gtoreq.-17E+240E.gtoreq.4, andTg.gtoreq.125.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is formed by a photosensitive layer containing a naphtylhydrazone compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X and Y are independently a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, phenoxy group or arylalkoxy group; R.sup.1 is a naphtyl group; R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, allyl group, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, or aralkyl group; and l and m are 1 or 2. The photoreceptor thus formed is not only highly sensitive but resistant to ozone deterioration, which markedly improves the durability thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a semiconductor device comprises the steps of: preparing a III.sub.b -V.sub.b group compound single crystalline semiconductor substrate produced by a liquid encapsulated Czochralski process, the single crystalline semiconductor substrate having a carbon concentration of 1.times.10.sup.15 cm.sup.-3 or less, implanting conductive impurity ions into the single crystalline semiconductor substrate and then annealing, and a semiconductor device produced by this method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an N-vinylformamide copolymer having the structural units represented by the following formulas (I) and (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in which the molar ratio between the structural units (I) and (II) is from 20:80 to 95:5, and a process for producing the N-vinylformamide copolymer.

Abstract: A squarilium compound represented by the following formula (I) and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are disclosed: ##STR1## wherein X and Y each represents ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group; R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group; ring A represents a cyclic alkylene; ring B represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; and ring C represents a heterocyclic ring containing one or two of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom; with proviso that X and Y are not the same when either one of them represents ##STR3## and a liquid crystal composition containing the squarilium compound of the formula (I).

Abstract: A polyol fatty acid polyester is stabilized by a polybasic oxy acid for using the polyester in safety, in a field of foods.

Abstract: An epitaxial wafer for producing arrays of GaAsP-LEDs comprises, in the GaAs.sub.1-x P.sub.x layer with varying X, a layer region(s) with a discontinuous variance of x along the thickness of the GaAs.sub.1-x P.sub.x layer. This layer region(s) contribute to a uniformity in the brightness of the light emission of LEDs formed in the epitaxial wafer.

Abstract: An epitaxial wafer for producing arrays of GaAsP-LEDs comprises, in the GaAs.sub.1-x P.sub.x layer with varying X, a layer region(s) with a discontinuous variance of x along the thickness of the GaAs.sub.1-x P.sub.x layer. This layer region(s) contribute to a uniformity in the brightness of the light emission of LEDs formed in the epitaxial wafer.

Abstract: In the boat growth method of the IIIb-Vb group compound, the quartz boat is tridymitized on at least the surface thereof so as to prevent wetting of the boat due to the melt of the compound and hence to enhance the yield of a single crystal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for producing a resin having carbonate bonding, comprising polymerizing a hydroxydiaryl compound and phosgene in an organic solvent of methylene chloride such that the concentration of carbon tetrachloride in phosgene and methylene chloride in the polymerization system satisfies the following equation:A+5B.ltoreq.200(wherein A represents carbon tetrachloride concentration (ppm) in phosgene and B represents carbon tetrachloride concentration (ppm) in methylene chloride).

Abstract: A process for converting coal to an oil fraction, which comprises subjecting coal to a first hydrogenation reaction, deashing the reaction product of the first hydrogenation reaction and subjecting the deashed liquefied oil to a second hydrogenation reaction, wherein coal, a solvent and hydrogenation-treated heavy oil components are supplied for the first hydrogenation reaction; from the first hydrogenation reaction product, at least a part of the oil fraction is obtained; from the first hydrogenation reaction product, a substantial amount of preasphaltene components is removed simultaneously with or independently of the deashing operation, and the deashed liquefied oil containing heavy oil components and not greater than 20% by weight of preasphaltene components thereby obtained, is supplied for the second hydrogenation reaction; from the second hydrogenation reaction product, an oil fraction and heavy oil components are separated and the heavy oil components are recycled to the first hydrogenation reaction

Abstract: An azo compound with the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, halogen atom and cyano group;Y is phenylene or naphthylene group;Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are independently the divalent group represented by the following formula: ##STR2## wherein A is a divalent group derived from the aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocyclic compound including one or more nitrogen atoms in the ring; andn is 1 or 2,is disclosed. Such compounds are useful in forming a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Abstract: A method for fibrillating carbonaceous fibers, which comprises contacting a tow of carbonaceous fibers to rotating surfaces of rollers for fibrillation, wherein at least two rollers are disposed so that the center axes of the rollers intersect the direction of advance of the tow of carbonaceous fibers and the rotating surfaces of the rollers are substantially alternately inclined in opposite directions, thereby to exert a shearing force to the tow in a direction transverse to the direction of advance of the tow.

Abstract: There is disclosed a cholesterol level-lowering agent which comprises as a main component a strongly basic anion exchange resin having imidazolium salts as functional groups, said resin being a copolymer of (A) a high molecular quaternary salt and (B) a polyfunctional epoxy compound having two or more oxirane rings.

Abstract: A wax for thermal ink transfer, which consists essentially of a reaction product of an .alpha.-olefin having an average carbon number of from 16 to 100 with maleic anhydride, said reaction product having a weight average polymerization degree of from 1 to 100 and which has a heat of fusion of not higher than 40 cal/g.

Abstract: A transfer sheet for thermal transfer recording having a color material layer containing a sublimable dye on one surface of a base film, wherein said sublimable dye is a dicyanoimidazole series dye represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein, R, R.sup.1, and R.sup.2 each represents an allyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group; X represents a methyl group, a formylamino group, an alkylcarbonylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkylsulfonylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom; and Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a methyl group, or a halogen atom.

Abstract: A black recording liquid suitable for use in ink-jet recording or as an ink for writing instruments comprises at least two water-soluble dyes and a liquid medium. Each of the dyes satisfies the condition defined by the following expression [I], and a mixture of these dyes satisfies the condition defined by the following expression [II]. ##EQU1## In these expressions, a* and b* are chromaticness indices defined in the CIE 1976 (L*, a*, b*) space, i indicates the ith dye of the dyes used together, and n is an integer of 2 or more.

Abstract: An amorphous silicon photoreceptor for electrophotography having a specific surface roughness is disclosed herein. Also provided are a process for the preparation and/or regeneration of the material and improved methods for electrophotography, which use a special abrasive. The material enables the electrophotography without occurance of any image blurring under high humidity conditions.

Abstract: A process for producing a laminate which comprises laminating a composition comprising from 70 to 98% by weight of a crystalline ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of from 5 to 15% by weight, and from 2 to 30% by weight of a modified ethylene copolymer obtained by graft-polymerizing at least 0.03 and less than 1% by weight of maleic anhydride to a copolymer of ethylene with an .alpha.-olefin of at least 3 carbon atoms having a crystallinity of less than 30%, on a polyamide resin, a polyester resin or a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, in a molten state.

Abstract: A method for hydrogenating a solvent-refined coal, comprising:(a) hydrogenating coal in the presence of a hydrocarbon solvent and an iron catalyst;(b) obtaining a solvent-refined coal material therefrom, which has a boiling point of at least 400.degree. under atmospheric pressure conditions;(c) removing preasphaltenes from said solvent-refined coal material to obtain a substantially preasphaltene free solvent-refined coal; and(d) hydrogenating the solvent-refined coal in a fixed bed under hydrogen pressure.