Abstract: To provide a novel process for producing a unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced carbon composite material having all of high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion properties and high strength, useful as e.g. a semiconductor heatsink. Carbon fibers are impregnated with a liquid for impregnation prepared by dispersing or dissolving powdery carbon, fine carbon fibers having a fiber diameter of from 0.5 to 500 nm and a fiber length of at most 1,000 ?m and having a hollow-structured central axis and a thermosetting resin in a medium, and the carbon fibers are molded, cured and then carbonized so that they are aligned in one direction.

Abstract: To provide a fine carbon fiber/metal composite material having high mechanical strength, a high thermal conductivity and a low coefficient of thermal expansion and suitable as a substrate for an electronic device. A fine carbon fiber/metal composite material, which is prepared by pressure impregnating a molded product containing fine carbon fibers having a fiber diameter of from 0.5 to 500 nm and a fiber length of at most 1,000 ?m, having a multilayer structure wherein cylindrical carbon layers overlap one another, and having a hollow-structured central axis, with aluminum, magnesium, copper or an alloy of such a metal, by molten metal forging.

Abstract: To provide a carbon fiber Ti—Al composite material having hardness, heat resistance and abrasion resistance, having reduced weight and improved strength and thermal conductivity and being excellent in uniformity of the quality. A carbon fiber Ti—Al composite material which is prepared by pressure impregnating a molded product containing fine carbon fibers having a fiber diameter of from 0.5 to 500 nm and a fiber length of at most 1,000 ?m and having a hollow-structured central axis and a titanium powder or a titanium oxide powder, with aluminum or an aluminum alloy by molten metal forging.

Abstract: To provide a carbon fiber Ti—Al composite material having hardness, heat resistance and abrasion resistance, having reduced weight, improved strength, elastic modulus and thermal conductivity and being excellent in the uniformity of the quality. A carbon fiber Ti—Al composite material which is prepared by pressure impregnating a molded product containing fine carbon fibers having a fiber diameter of from 0.5 to 500 nm and a carbon length of at most 1,000 ?m and having a hollow-structured central axis, carbon long fibers having a fiber diameter of from 5 to 15 ?m and a titanium powder or a titanium oxide powder, with aluminum or an aluminum alloy by molten metal forging.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent article which does not cause discomfort to a wearer when worn, particularly after an absorber absorbs a body fluid to be swelled, and which is capable of receiving urine and feces separately. The object is attained by an absorbent article, including: a leak preventer having a sheet, and two bags provided separately on right and left of an upper side of the sheet, each of the two bags having an opening facing with each other; and an absorber having at least one layer and containing a super absorbent polymer and capable of absorbing a body fluid, provided in each of the two bags.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and a method for generating high pressure hydrogen that is able to efficiently and safely generate hydrogen by only the electrolysis of water even when using electric power generated by a frequently varying natural energy, such as sunlight, without using any compressors. The system comprises an electrolysis cell using polyelectrolyte membranes, particularly a double-polarity multi-layered type electrolysis cell having a specified structure disposed in a vessel for storing generated hydrogen, preferably for storing cooled hydrogen under a high pressure hydrogen atmosphere. High pressure hydrogen is generated by electrolysis of pure water using the electrolysis cell by suppressing the pressure applied to the cell to a pressure below the pressure resistance of the cell using a differential pressure sensor and pressure controller.

Abstract: A user registration processor unit registers the user registration information to the database, which includes the public key certification acquired from the certification authority that has jurisdiction over each party by the request from the transaction party including seller, buyer, and transportation company. A transfer registration processor unit changes the access right holder and the cargo owner of the shipment information registered to the database at the start of transaction in compliance with the request for request for changing registration of the party with the digital signature and public key certification attached. A verification processor unit achieves the transfer registration with legal binding power by verifying that the digital signature attached to the request for request for changing registration has been prepared by the private key which makes a pair with the public key certificate registered to the database and receiving the approval of the other party.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and a method for generating high pressure hydrogen that is able to efficiently and safely generate hydrogen by only the electrolysis of water even when using electric power generated by a frequently varying natural energy, such as sunlight, without using any compressors. The system comprises an electrolysis cell using polyelectrolyte membranes, particularly a double-polarity multi-layered type electrolysis cell having a specified structure disposed in a vessel for storing generated hydrogen, preferably for storing cooled hydrogen under a high pressure hydrogen atmosphere. High pressure hydrogen is generated by electrolysis of pure water using the electrolysis cell by suppressing the pressure applied to the cell to a pressure below the pressure resistance of the cell using a differential pressure sensor and pressure controller.

Abstract: In order to extend the condition of the credit or debt for the transaction, a supporting system for establishing an obligation, includes a requirement obtaining unit for obtaining a condition of an obligation desired by a user who desires to acquire a credit, for example, an obligation information obtaining unit for obtaining a detailed condition including amount and a collection due date of the obligation and an obligation composing unit for generating a composed obligation according to the condition obtained by the requirement obtaining unit by combining a plurality of obligations based on the detailed condition obtained by the obligation information obtaining unit.

Abstract: A data copyright management apparatus is used with a user terminal and comprises a CPU, a CPU bus, ROM, EEPROM, and RAM. The CPU, ROM, EPROM, and RAM are connected to the CPU bus, and a system bus of a device which utilizes the data can be connected to the CPU bus. A data copyright management system program, crypt algorithm, and user information are stored in the ROM, and a second private-key, a permit key, a second secret-key, and copyright information are stored in the EEPROM. A first public-key, a first private-key, a second public-key, and a first secret-key are transmitted to the RAM during operation. The data copyright management apparatus may be configured in the form of a monolithic or hybrid IC, a thin IC card, PC card, and insertion board which have a unique terminal. If a copyright management program is supplied externally, it is stored in the EEPROM. Otherwise, it is stored in the ROM.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system to ensure security of data in a computer network system. A center certifies a public-key of user of the system and distributes a secret-key. A first system comprises the center in a network, an information provider and a plurality of users. The center identifies utilization status by requests of the secret-key. The data is encrypted by the secret-key and is stored and transferred, while the data to be stored and transferred is encrypted by a secret-key different from the secret-key of the transferred data. An original data label is added to the original data, and an edit label is added to the edited data, and the center does not store the data and stores only the original data label and the edit label. A second system comprises a center and an information provider in a network, and a plurality of users utilizing the network. The center stores the original data and editing scenario, and also the original data label, user label and edit label.

Abstract: To prevent piracy or leakage of data content, a cryptography technique and electronic watermark technique are combined together and used. In a data content supplied to a user, a user data is entered as electronic watermark by a data management center, and the data content with an electronic watermark entered in it is encrypted using a crypt key and is supplied. The encrypted data content is decrypted using a crypt key distributed from the data management center and is used. In case it is to be stored, it is encrypted using another crypt key. In case the data content is copied and transferred to other user, a user data of the other user is entered as electronic watermark, and a scenario to enter the user data of the other user as electronic watermark is registered at the data management center, and the data content with electronic watermark entered in it is encrypted using another crypt key and is supplied.

Abstract: A SiC wafer comprises a 4H polytype SiC substrate 2 in which the crystal plane orientation is substantially {03-38}, and a buffer layer 4 composed of SiC formed over this SiC substrate 2. The {03-38} plane forms an angle of approximately 35° with respect to the <0001> axial direction in which micropipes and so forth extend, so micropipes and so forth are eliminated at the crystal sides, and do not go through to an active layer 6 on the buffer layer 4. Lattice mismatching between the SiC substrate 2 and the active layer 6 is suppressed by the buffer layer 4. Furthermore, anisotropy in the electron mobility is low because a 4H polytype is used. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a SiC wafer and a SiC semiconductor device with which there is little anisotropy in the electron mobility, and strain caused by lattice mismatching can be lessened, as well as a method for manufacturing these.

Abstract: A system is provided which manages the copyright of a plurality of data in a database. A data copyright management system is provided in which a primary user edits data which he or she obtains and supplies edited data to a secondary user. In a case where new data is produced by editing a plurality of encrypted data obtained from the database, and is encrypted for distribution to another person, crypt keys for a plurality of data as raw material and an edit program which is an editing process with a digital signature are used as a use permit key. The system comprises a database and a key control center, and uses a primary copyright label, a first use permit key including a first crypt key, a second use permit key, a third crypt key, and a copyright management program. The primary user uses primary copyrighted data encrypted using the first crypt key, by decrypting it with the first use permit key obtained from the key control center.

Abstract: In order to reduce the burden of the work or the remittance service charge, a remittance management system for managing a remittance performed by a client from a remitter account at a first financial institution to a remittee account at a second financial institution, includes a deposit confirming unit for confirming that money has been transferred from the remitter account to the first account at the first financial institution managed by the remittance management system and a remitter changing unit for changing the remitter by ordering to remit money from the second account at the second financial institution managed by the remittance management system to the remittee account instead of a remittance from the first account to the remittee account caused by a deposit to the first account.

Abstract: A method of growing a 4H-poly type SiC single crystal 40, characterized in that the 4H-poly type SiC single crystal 40 is grown on a seed crystal 30 comprised of an SiC single crystal where a {03-38} plane 30u or a plane which is inclined at off angle &agr;, within about 10°, with respect to the {03-38} plane, is exposed.

Abstract: A data copyright management system comprises a database for storing original data, a key control center for managing crypt keys, copyright management center for managing data copyrights, and a communication network for connecting these sections. Data supplied from the database to users is encrypted and distributed. The users decrypts the encrypted data by crypt keys obtained from the key control center or copyright management center. To supply data to users, there are the following two methods: a one way supplying of encrypted data to users by means of broadcasting or the like; and two-way supplying of encrypted data to users corresponding to users' requests. A crypt key system used for encrypting data uses a secret-key cryptosystem, a public-key cryptosystem or a cryptosystem combining a secret-key and a public-key and further uses a copyright control program to control data copyrights.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and a method for generating high pressure hydrogen that is able to efficiently and safely generate hydrogen only by electrolysis of water even by using an electric power generated by a frequently varying natural energy such as sunlight without using any compressors. The system comprises an electrolysis cell using polyelectrolyte membranes, particularly a double-polarity multi-layered type electrolysis cell having a specified structure is disposed in a vessel for storing generated hydrogen, preferably for storing cooled hydrogen under a high pressure hydrogen atmosphere. High pressure hydrogen is generated by electrolysis of pure water using the electrolysis cell by suppressing the pressure applied to the cell to a pressure below the pressure resistance of the cell using a differential pressure sensor and pressure controller.

Abstract: An absorbent composite sheet mainly consisting of a fibrous substrate web, a super absorbent polymer, and a bonding component bonding both of them with each other, wherein (a) the fibrous substrate web is a non-bonded web with a few of the constituent fibers bonded with each other, (b) a liquid mixture system is used of a medium mainly consisting of the super absorbent polymer and the bonding component, (c) a composite web is formed by adding the liquid mixture system to the fibrous substrate web, and (d) a liquid component is separated from the composite web so that fixing of the super absorbent polymer to the fibrous substrate web and bonding of the webs of the fibrous substrate web with one another are carried out at the same time. Methods of manufacturing such absorbent composite sheets are also provided.

Abstract: A data copyright management system comprises a database for storing original data, a key control center for managing crypt keys, copyright management center for managing data copyrights, and a communication network for connecting these sections. Data supplied from the database to users is encrypted and distributed. The users decrypts the encrypted data by crypt keys obtained from the key control center or copyright management center. To supply data to users, there are the following two methods: a one-way supplying of encrypted data to users by means of broadcasting or the like; and two-way supplying of encrypted data to users corresponding to users' requests. A crypt key system used for encrypting data uses a secret-key cryptosystem, a public-key cryptosystem or a cryptosystem combining a secret-key and a public-key and further uses a copyright control program to control data copyrights.