Abstract: The ion implanter includes lens elements that arrange unit lens elements along a direction of a beam width of a ribbon ion beam and regulate a magnetic field or electric field to be created by each unit lens element in order to regulate a current density distribution of the ion beam, and a controlling portion that sets the intensity of the magnetic field or electric field to be created by the unit lens element to be regulated by the lens elements in accordance with the measured current density distribution.

Abstract: A fluorescence detecting method includes the steps of collecting a first fluorescence signal of the fluorescence received by a light receiving unit when the analyte passes a position irradiated with a laser beam, collecting a second fluorescence signal of the fluorescence received by the light receiving unit in the absence of the analyte at the position irradiated with the laser beam, and adjusting a first phase difference information on the first fluorescence signal with respect to the modulation signal by using a second phase difference information on the second fluorescence signal with respect to the modulation signal to obtain a third phase difference information on the fluorescence signal of the fluorescence, and obtaining a fluorescence relaxation time constant of the fluorescence based on the third phase difference information thus obtained.

Abstract: Oxygen gas, for example, is introduced into a film forming chamber, and high-frequency power is supplied to a plurality of monopole antennas arranged above a silicon substrate (101) in the film forming chamber to generate a plasma of the introduced oxygen gas, thereby supplying atomic oxygen (123) onto the surface of an aminosilane molecular layer (102). This plasma generation is performed for about 1 sec. With this operation, the adsorption layer (102) adsorbed onto the surface of the silicon substrate (101) is oxidized, thereby forming a silicon oxide layer (112) corresponding to one atomic layer of silicon on the surface of the silicon substrate (101).

Abstract: A gas hydrate production apparatus capable of reacting a raw gas with a raw water to thereby form a slurry gas hydrate and capable of removing water from the slurry gas hydrate by means of a gravitational dewatering unit. The gravitational dewatering unit is one including a cylindrical first tower body; a cylindrical dewatering part disposed on top of the first tower body; a water receiving part disposed outside the dewatering part; and a cylindrical second tower body disposed on top of the dewatering part, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second tower body is continuously or intermittently increased upward from the bottom.

Abstract: Fluorescence detection device employed in a flow site meter emits laser light intensity-modulated by a modulation signal and acquires the fluorescence signal of fluorescence emitted from a measurement object passing through a measurement point of the laser light. The device generates the reference signal, separately from the modulation signal, the reference signal having a frequency different from the frequency of the modulation signal and having a phase synchronized with a phase of the modulation. The device determines fluorescence relaxation time of the measurement object from the fluorescence signal using the reference signal.

Abstract: A fluorescence detection device includes a flow cell body including a flow channel through which a measurement object flows, a laser light source unit that irradiates, with a laser beam, the measurement object passing through a measurement point in the flow channel, a light-receiving unit that receives fluorescence emitted from the measurement object irradiated with the laser beam and outputs a light-reception signal, and a processing unit that outputs an output value of fluorescence intensity based on the light-reception signal outputted by the light-receiving unit. The flow cell body has a lens provided on a surface thereof so as to traverse an optical path of the laser beam.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fluorescence detection method. The fluorescence detection method includes the steps of: irradiating a measurement object with laser light modulated at a predetermined frequency; receiving fluorescence emitted by the measurement object and outputting two or more pulsed fluorescent signals; setting reference timing in units of period corresponding to the frequency; acquiring a generation time to output of each of the pulsed fluorescent signals based on the reference timing; generating a cumulative fluorescent signal indicating the relationship between a generation frequency of the pulsed fluorescent signal and the generation time; determining, by using a signal corresponding to modulation of the laser light as a reference signal, a phase difference between the reference signal and the cumulative fluorescent signal; and determining, by using the phase difference, a fluorescence relaxation time of the fluorescence emitted by the measurement object.

Abstract: A raw material supply device (105) includes an introduction pipe (152a) which introduces a carrier gas into a raw material vessel (151), a transport pipe (152b) which transports a source gas fed out from the raw material vessel, a supply pipe (155a) which is branched from the transport pipe and supplies the source gas to a film forming chamber (101), a circulation pipe (155b) which is branched from the transport pipe (152b) and returns the source gas to the introduction pipe (152a), an introduction valve (156a) which is attached to the introduction pipe, a supply valve (156b) which is attached to the supply pipe, a circulation valve (156c) which is attached to the circulation pipe, and a controller (157) which controls opening/closing of the valves. The controller controls the supply valve and the circulation valve to be in opposite open/closed states. The source gas can be supplied more stably while suppressing the waste of the raw material.

Abstract: For work in which reflecting mirrors (or facets (31)) to be mounted on a heliostat 3 coincide with a pseudo toroid (53), an adjustment method of, and a mounting posture measuring device for, accurately measuring mounting postures of the respective facets (31) are provided for performing mounting adjustment efficiently and simply. In a method of installing the reflecting mirrors (or the facets (31)) constituting the heliostat 3 for sunlight condensation, each facet (31) is installed in such so that a reflected laser beam (52) reflected by the facet 31 can reach a virtual passage point (52b) in a laser point measuring unit (12).

Abstract: A gas hydrate slurry dewatering apparatus adapted to feed a raw as into a cylindrical main body of dewatering column so gas to attain pressuriation and so suction any gas from the interior of a drainage chamber disposed around the cylindrical main body so as to attain depressurization. An internal tube (8) as a constituent of a dewatering apparatus (6) in which the gas hydrate slurry (S) is introduced is provided with a separating section (7). A drainage chamber (10) is formed by the internal tube (8) and, disposed with a given spacing therefrom, an external tube (9). An exhaust blower (B2) and a drainage pump (P2) are connected to the drainage chamber (10). A gas feed blower (B3) for a raw gas (G1) is connected to the internal tube (8). A differential pressure detector (x1) is provided for detecting any pressure difference between the interior of the internal tube (8) and the interior of the drainage chamber (10).

Abstract: A fluorescence detection device for a flow site meter emits laser light intensity-modulated in accordance with a modulation signal and acquires a fluorescent signal of fluorescence emitted from a measurement object that passes through a measurement point of the laser light. The fluorescence detection device generates, separately from the modulation signal, a reference signal having a frequency different from a frequency of the modulation signal and a phase in synchronization with a phase of the modulation signal. The fluorescence detection device determines a fluorescent relaxation time of the measurement object from the fluorescent signal by using the reference signal.

Abstract: An automatic vessel position holding control method for holding a vessel position and a vessel heading of a vessel on the ocean in order to reduce a positional deviation and a heading deviation sharply as compared with the conventional automatic vessel position holding control by performing feedforward control for estimating and then compensating for at least one of a wave drifting force and a wave drifting moment that act on the vessel, wherein a vessel position holding control is performed that includes such controls as estimating waves entering the vessel from motion thereof, calculating at least one of the wave drifting force and the wave drifting moment from the estimated waves and performing feedforward control for at least one of the calculated wave drifting force and the calculated wave drifting moment.

Abstract: A gas hydrate production apparatus capable of reacting a raw gas with a raw water to thereby form a slurry gas hydrate and capable of removing water from the slurry gas hydrate by means of a gravitational dewatering unit. The gravitational dewatering unit is one including a cylindrical first tower body; a cylindrical dewatering part disposed on top of the first tower body; a water receiving part disposed outside the dewatering part; and a cylindrical second tower body disposed on top of the dewatering part, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second tower body is continuously or intermittently increased upward from the bottom.

Abstract: Provided is a process and an apparatus for producing at low cost gas hydrate pellets having an excellent storability. A gas hydrate generated from a raw-material gas and raw-material water is dewatered and simultaneously molded into pellets with compression-molding means under conditions suitable for generating the gas hydrate while the gas hydrate is generated from the raw-material gas and the raw-material water that exist among particles of the gas hydrate.

Abstract: A plurality of reference holes are formed in the surface of a first substrate made of a first material, and a plurality of columnar members are each fitted in the reference holes in such a manner that at least a part of each of the columnar members projects from the surface of the first substrate. Subsequently, an electrode surface layer made of a second material is formed on the surface of the first substrate in such a manner that an end portion of each of the columnar members are exposed at the surface and then the columnar members are removed. Thus obtained is a substrate-like electrode including at least an electrode surface layer provided with through holes having a cross section matching a sectional shape of the projecting portion of the columnar members.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a membrane treatment method and a membrane treatment apparatus for ballast water using a membrane module, which are capable of inhibiting the formation of scale on the membrane surface to reduce fouling, using a simple installation. [Means for Solving the Problem] The membrane treatment method and the membrane treatment apparatus for ballast water using a membrane module according to the invention, having a membrane treatment tank 2 and a membrane module 1 provided in the tank for continuously performing filtration while ballast water is being passed thereto as raw water; wherein a positive electrode and a negative electrode are provided in the membrane treatment tank 2 so as to come into contact with raw water in the tank, and a current passing means is provided in the tank for applying a voltage between the electrodes.

Abstract: Pellet damaging is prevented at the time of pellet charging into a storage tank. There is provided a method of storing a gas hydrate in which pellets obtained by compression molding of powdery gas hydrate are conveyed into a storage tank by the use of a slurry liquor, which method includes pouring a liquid for impact absorption in advance into the storage tank so that the impact on the pellets charged in the storage tank is absorbed by the liquid for impact absorption.

Abstract: A membrane treatment apparatus includes a filtration membrane 10 filtering raw water existing in an external environment 100 by applying pressure thereto and a treated water outlet 11 from which treated water collected after filtration by the filtration membrane 10 is taken, and is provided with a filter cloth 12 placed and fixed outside the filtration membrane 10 with a predetermined space left between the filter cloth and the filtration membrane. Preferably, the filter cloth 12 is provided in such a way as to cover an outer circumferential side and a bottom of the filtration membrane 10, and the filter cloth 12 is provided in such a way as to cover the outer circumferential side of the filtration membrane 10 with the bottom thereof uncovered.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for production of a gas hydrate, wherein the process comprises a gas hydrate production step, a cooling step, a depressurizing step and a re-cooling step. In the cooling step, the temperature (T) required for the cooling of the gas hydrate is adjusted to a temperature equal to or higher than a cooling limit temperature (t1+t2) (which is a sum of an equilibrium temperature (t1) of the gas hydrate and a temperature for correction (t2)) and equal to or lower than the freezing point (0° C.).

Abstract: A method for treating ship ballast water with a membrane, which can easily separate and reliably remove a fouling substance attached to a membrane and maintain the membrane flux for long periods. The method including a membrane separation step of taking in seawater in a port area in which a ship is anchored and separating a microorganism with a size equal to or greater than a predetermined size therefrom with a membrane filtration apparatus installed in or on a hull of the ship and having a filtration membrane module, a backwash step of separating a fouling substance attached to a membrane surface of the membrane filtration apparatus from the membrane surface by backwashing is provided.