Abstract: An adhesive composition containing: (a) a nitrogen atom-free epoxy compound, (b) a poly N-glycidyl type epoxy resin, (c) a nitrile rubber having a carboxyl group, and optionally (d) a finely divided silica, a clay substance treated with an onium compound, or a mixture thereof. The compounding ratio by weight of the components (a), (b), (c) and (d) is as follows:0.05.ltoreq.(b)/(a).ltoreq.190.05.ltoreq.[(a)+(b)]/(c).ltoreq.1.750.0125.ltoreq.(d)/(c).ltoreq.0.75This adhesive composition has excellent adhesion strength, soldering heat resistance, flexibility, and chemical resistance, and has a small resin flow property.

Abstract: In a conventional process for the purification of crude methacrylamide by the recrystallization from an aqueous medium, pH of the aqueous methacrylamide solution is controlled to a value in alkaline range of at least 8 and then methacrylamide is crystallized out. As the alkali used for the pH control, there have been used alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates and hydroxides. Methacrylamide to be recrystallized is crude methacrylamide obtained by neutralizing methacrylamide sulfate obtained from acetone cyanhydrin and sulfuric acid with ammonia in the presence of water.

Abstract: A process for producing an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid or esters thereof which comprises bringing an .alpha.-hydroxycarboxylic acid amide into contact with a solid acid catalyst independently or along with water, or along with water and an aliphatic alcohol, or along with an aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: A surface treating agent for a shaped article of a polyolefin is provided which is composed of a solution in an organic solvent of a propylene-ethylene copolymer having a monoalkyl ester of a monolefinic dicarboxylic acid, such as monomethyl maleate, grafted thereto. The propylene-ethylene copolymer has a propylene content of 50 to 75 mole %, and a crystallinity, determined by an X-ray diffraction method, of 2 to 20%. The esterification degree of the alkyl ester of the monolefinic dicarboxylic acid is 45 to 100% if the esterification degree is taken as 200% when all of the carboxyl groups of the dicarboxylic acid are esterified. The amount of the monoalkyl ester grafted is 0.5 to 15% by weight. The grafted propylene-ethylene copolymer has an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of at least 0.3 and is dissolved in an amount of 10 to 100 kg per cubic meter of the organic solvent. The surface treating agent is suitable as an undercoat for a polyolefin shaped article.

Abstract: Disclosed is a continuous bulk polymerization reactor comprising a cylindrical reaction vessel elongated in the direction of the reacting fluid and a shaft installed within the reaction vessel. A plurality of flow of double helical-ribbon agitators are attached to the shaft in such a way that they face in the same direction, and a plurality of baffles having a relative open area of 5 to 40% based on the cross-sectional area of the internal space of the reaction vessel, are disposed between any adjacent ones of the agitators. Thus the formation of stagnant fluid pockets is avoided and excellent piston flow properties are achieved.

Abstract: As dichroic dyes for use in a liquid color display device, compounds of formula (I) ##STR1## such as 4'-octylphenyl perylene-3,9-dicarboxylate are provided. These compounds have various characteristic properties. For example, (1) they have a sufficient coloring ability in small amounts; (2) they have a high dichroic ratio and show a high contrast by application and non-application of voltage; (3) they have sufficient compatibility with liquid crystals; (4) they have excellent durability, are stable, and do not reduce the performance of a display device even in long-term use.

Abstract: A novel process for producing anthraquinone in good yields is provided which comprises reacting phthalic anhydride with benzene in a single step in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst comprising titanium oxide and/or tin oxide.

Abstract: A floating-type offshore structure, of which the main body comprises a lower hull and plurality of struts mounted on the struts and supporting a platform above the sea level and is moored through mooring wire ropes or chains at a predetermined offshore location, and which is adapted for use under both of an ice-covered and an iceless conditions of the sea by adjusting the amount of ballast water contained in a ballast tank or tanks formed in the lower hull and/or the struts and adapted for causing ice floes to undergo downward flexural failure on account of bending stresses when they move into the sea water along the ice contacting face of the strut which is inclined inwardly toward below.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of indole and derivatives thereof wherein an aniline is reacted with a 1,2-glycol in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst containing metallic copper and/or copper oxide. The present ivention makes it possible to prepare indole and derivatives thereof in a single step by using inexpensive starting materials.

Abstract: A method for de-ashing crushed coal and transporting it in the form of pellets, said method comprising the following steps:A. the step of mixing pulverized coal with a binder to cover the surfaces of coal particles with the binder;B. the step of adding water to the pulverized coal;C. the step of stirring the slurry to disperse ash particles in the pulverized coal into water and to agglomerate coal particles in the pulverized coal by tumbling, whereby forming pelletized coal; andD. the step of separating the pelletized coal from the ash particles, and transporting the pelletized coal.The above basic four steps may be combined with the following steps depending on the state and particle size of raw coal:E. the step of crushing raw coal and separating it into high-ash coal and purified crushed coal, and further pulverizing the purified crushed coal and supplying the resulting powder to the above step A; andF.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner comprising a constituent resin and a colorant, in which the constituent resin has a softening point ranging from room temperature to 170.degree. C. and comprises (a) a copolymer of cinnamic acid and one or more vinyl monomers, (b) a mixture of a copolymer as defined in (a) and a polymer having good compatibility therewith, (c) a mixture of a copolymer as defined in (a) and cinnamic acid, (d) a mixture of a polymer as defined in (b) and cinnamic acid, or (e) a mixture of a mixture as defined in (b) and cinnamic acid, the cinnamic acid content of the constituent resin being from 1 to 25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the constituent resin in the case of cinnamic acid copolymerized with one or more vinyl monomers and from 0.1 to 25 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the constituent resin in the case of cinnamic acid present in the uncombined state.

Abstract: A latch device having a locking mechanism is locked and unlocked by a lock operating device comprising: a lock lever coupled to and operating the locking mechanism when driven to undergo displacement between terminal lock and unlock positions; a motor for driving the lock lever; a retaining member exerting an elastic force (1) to cause the lock lever to undergo the displacement with a click motion, over-riding an intermediate dead-center point against an elastic resistance and (2) to retain the lock lever positively in either terminal position after each displacement; and a retraction device for temporarily nullifying or greatly reducing the action of the retaining member at the time of the displacement of the lock lever.

Abstract: A method of producing partially crosslinked rubber-resin composition comprising directly feeding a pelletized peroxide-curable olefin copolymer composition, a peroxide-decomposing polyolefin resin and an organic peroxide compound to a twin-screw extruder under specific extruding conditions of weight of the copolymer rubber and specific energy at extrusion.

Abstract: DL-cystein is produced by reacting a .beta.-halogenoalanine with a trithiocarbonate to obtain the mono(aminocarboxyethyl) ester of trithiocarbonate and then subjecting the ester to acid decomposition. The above process requires mild reaction conditions, is easy to carry out its reactions and can afford DL-cystein with high yield. It is thus an excellent production process of DL-cystein from the industrial viewpoint.

Abstract: 4-Fluorobenzophenone derivatives of 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone are produced by effecting a halogen-fluorine exchanging reaction between the corresponding 4-halogenobenzophenone derivatives or 4,4'-dihalogenobenzophenone and an alkali fluoride.The reaction is carried out by heating in an organic solvent. After distilling off the solvent from the reaction product mixture, the end product is isolated by extracting with a solvent. Alternatively the end product is isolated by distillation.

Abstract: A pumping system for oil production comprises a hydraulic unit set on the ground and adapted to send out a pressure oil, and a pump unit set in an oil well and adapted to draw up crude oil therefrom. The pump unit comprises a pump cylinder, and a plunger reciprocatingly moved in the pump cylinder. The plunger is provided with a clearance formed between the outer circumferential surface of a lower end portion thereof and the inner circumferential surface of the pump cylinder. The pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic unit is ejected from the clearance along the inner surface of the pump cylinder into a cylinder chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved method for continuous thermal cracking of heavy petroleum oil, which can achieve a high degree of cracking in a column-like reactor of relatively small size and provides residual pitch rich in .beta.-resin components and lean in gas mixed therein. The above method comprises charging preheated heavy oil into an upper reaction zone of an upright cylindrical continuous reactor, which is divided into upper and lower reaction zones by means of a partition plate, drawing the resultant cracked gas and oil vapor from the upper reaction zone, and discharging residual pitch through the bottom of the lower reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins, which comprises polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins in the presence of a catalyst composed of (A) a solid titanium catalyst component obtained by reacting (i) a titanium composition composed essentially of tetravalent titanium, magnesium, halogen and an electron donor or electron donor residue selected from the group consisting of organic acid esters, alkoxy groups and aryloxy groups with (ii) an organic silicon compound having an Si--O--C bond in the molecule in the presence of (iii) an organoaluminum compound, or by first treating the titanium composition (i) with the organoaluminum compound (iii) and then reacting it with the organic silicon compound (ii), until the amount of the electron donor or electron donor residue in the titanium composition (i) decreases from that before the reaction, thus including a part of the silicon compound in the titanium composition, and; (B) an organoaluminum compound.

Abstract: Aromatic polyesters are obtained by copolycondensing isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof with bis(hydroxyphenyl) sulfone and 2,2-bis(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propane.These aromatic polyesters have excellent molding workability. From these polyesters, colorless, transparent moldings can be obtained by compression, extrusion or injection molding methods. The products thus obtained have excellent mechanical and electrical properties and improved heat resistance.

Abstract: There is provided a polyolefin resin composition for injection molding which comprises adding to polyolefin a condensate of sorbitol with an aldehyde compound and a lubricant of 1/20 to 1/2 parts by weight based on 1.0 part by weight of said condensate. Thereby polyolefin injection moldings with good transparency are obtained without bringing a foaming phenomenon.