Abstract: Multi-phase fluid flow in a pipeline or other flowline is monitored using a combination of flow type detectors. One set of detectors monitors the interfaces between fluid interfaces and the other monitors the presence of different fluid phases around the periphery of the flowline. The relative volumetric fluid flow rates can be measured by detecting changes in the phase interfaces between two sets of sensor rings using sensors spaced around the flowline with the fluid flow type being detected across the flowline with an annular capacitance detector. The sensor rings typically use ultrasonic transducers for detecting the phase interfaces while the capacitance device indicates the presence (or absence) of different phases around the periphery of the flowline. By combining the outputs of the different detectors, an indication of the flow phenomena in the flowline can be obtained.

Abstract: A method for modifying a crystalline molecular sieve material is provided. The crystalline molecular sieve material is modified by functionalizing it and concurrently removing its templating surfactant. The method is accomplished by contacting the crystalline molecular sieve material with a treatment composition including a functionalizing agent, an exchanging moiety and a solvent.

Abstract: A process to improve the performance of furfural for aromatics extraction from gas oils and lube distillates by the addition of ethers and/or aldehydes, preferably having a dielectric constant less than about 40 @ 25.degree. C.

Abstract: Film forming blends, and films thereof, comprise copolymers of ethylene and alpha-olefins of 4 to 10 carbon atoms (LLDPE) containing up to about 35% of calcium carbonate exhibit excellent film impact properties which are sustained over time, without reduction in modulus or stiffness.

Abstract: Control of polyethylene melt strength and melt viscosity has been used to produce foamed articles.

Abstract: A method for removing a gravel-pack screen from a wellbore. of a well which has been "gravel packed". When it is desired to remove the screen from the wellbore, a washstring is lowered down the wellbore and into the interior of said screen. A wash fluid is then flowed fluid down the washstring and out through said screen into said mass of gravel surrounding the screen to fluidize, loosen, and remove said gravel. Once the mass of gravel has been loosen, the screen can then lifted upward out of said wellbore by applying a normal upward force the workstring which suspends the screen within the well.

Abstract: An improved stripper section design is provided for use in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units. The stripper section contains means for imparting rotational movement to the FCC cracking catalyst as it traverses the stripping section. In one embodiment the stripper section contains at least one rotation vane that is preferably disposed on the surface of a stripper section tray. The rotation vane provides angular, rotational movement to the cracking catalyst as it traverses the stripper section. Vertical movement is imparted to the cracking catalyst due to gravity and radial movement is imparted to the catalyst due to the slanted nature of the tray. Through the use of the rotation vanes the contact between the catalyst particles and the stripping steam is increased, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the FCC operation.

Abstract: There is provided a catalyst comprising yttrium containing zeolite Y. The zeolite Y is essentially free of rare earth ions. There is also provided a method for making this catalyst. There is further provided a process for using this catalyst for cracking gas oils. It has been discovered that when yttrium is incorporated into this zeolite Y, and when this catalyst is used to crack gas oils, these results improved gasoline selectivity and reduced dry gas make.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved process scheme to process sour feed in the reaction section of the process unit, including isomerization dewaxing with zeolite beta. The instant invention employs countercurrent flow in the fixed bed of the MIDW(Mobil Isomerization Dewaxing) reactor (the reactor in which isomerization dewaxing occurs) with recycle gas being the gas stream in the MIDW bed. With this arrangement hydrodesulfurization(HDS) and MIDW occur in an integrated process.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing alkylaromatics, especially ethylbenzene and cumene, wherein a feedstock is first fed to a transalkylation zone and the entire effluent from the transalkylation zone is then cascaded directly into an alkylation zone along with an olefin alkylating agent, especially ethylene or propylene.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a catalyst that comprises (i) an acidic solid oxide component comprising an oxide of a Group IVB metal modified with an anion or oxyanion of a Group VIB metal, and (ii) a Group IB metal or metal oxide component. This catalyst may be used, for example, to isomerize paraffins.

Abstract: Alkyl aromatic compounds are prepared by alkylating an alkylatable aromatic compound with a paraffin alkylating agent under alkylation reaction conditions in the presence of catalyst comprising synthetic porous crystalline material characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern including interplanar d-spacings at 12.36.+-.0.4, 11.03.+-.0.2, 8.83.+-.0.14, 6.18.+-.0.12, 6.00.+-.0.10, 4.06.+-.0.07, 3.91.+-.0.07, and 3.42.+-.0.06 Angstroms.

Abstract: Readily castable high density polyethylene (HDPE) films, preferably containing broad molecular weight distribution HDPE resin having treated upper skin layers and untreated lower skin layers, preferably coextruded, on each side. The treated upper skin layer is derived from a polymer, e.g., ethylene-propylene-butene-1 terpolymer, and the lower skin layer is derived from a polymer such as ethylene-propylene-butene-1 terpolymer and LDPE compounded with silicone oil. Such skin layers provide a film which is readily castable while maintaining the desirable properties of HDPE including dead fold, twist retention, TD tear and moisture barrier. The films are cast, and oriented in the solid state up to about two times in the machine direction and six times or more in the transverse direction to give films having good dead-fold characteristics making them highly suited for packaging, particularly for dry foods.

Abstract: A gravel-pack, well screen having an internal shunt tube positioned inside the screen for delivering gravel slurry to different levels within the well annulus during a gravel pack operation. The screen includes one or more joints with each joint includes a base pipe having a screen section therein. The internal shunt extends substantially throughout the length of the base pipe. Bolts, each having a passage therethrough, provide fluid passages between the exterior of the screen and the internal shunt tube near either end of the base pipe. During operation, slurry enters the internal shunt tube through the uppermost bolt and exits into the annulus through the passages in the lower bolts to distribute gravel to to different levels of the annulus.

Abstract: A process for thermal transfer printing on plastic films incorporating a coating composition is provided. The process includes providing plastic film having a coating composition including a binder of a polymer and/or copoylmer of carboxylic acid containing vinylic unsaturation, at least one finely divided particulate filler, and a surface active agent. A thermographic element such as a ribbon which includes a dye layer is then heated in the form of an image to be printed onto the plastic film, with the heating causing the dye layer to melt in the form of the image. The plastic film coated with the coating composition is contacted with the thermographic ribbon, and the dye layer is transferred from the ribbon to the plastic film. Such thermal transfer printing on coated plastic films provides for a multitude of uses such as plastic labels for outdoor use.

Abstract: The present invention is a multi-layer film which has an improved composite structure for providing hermetic seals to packages manufactured in high speed packaging apparatus. The structure of the multi-layer film of the present invention includes a main substrate and a sealant layer. The sealant layer, in turn, includes two components, an intermediate layer which has the primary function of compliance during sealing, and a sealing layer which has the primary function of providing adhesivity to the completed seal. As a result of this invention, high strength hermetic seals can be provided to multi-layer films effectively and efficiently, and hermetic seals are provided with the ability to be peeled open without destruction of several layers of the film.

Abstract: A metallized uniaxially heat-shrinkable, biaxially oriented, multilayer film having a polypropylene-containing core layer comprising at least 70 wt. % of said multilayer film and at least one polyolefin-containing skin layer adjacent said core layer is prepared by biaxially orienting a coextrudate and thereafter orienting said coextrudate by stretching 10 to 40% in the machine direction. The core layer contains isotactic polypropylene and a modifier which reduces the crystallinity of the polypropylene by increasing chain imperfections or reducing isotacticity of the polypropylene-containing core. Such modifiers can be selected from the group consisting of atactic polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, propylene-butene-1 copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene-1 terpolymer, and linear low density polyethylene. The skin layer can be high density polyethylene or ethylene-propylene-butene-1 terpolymer.

Abstract: A multilaminar high density polyethylene (HDPE) film is provided having high biaxial orientation. The film includes a HDPE substrate, at least one outer layer of a propylene copolymer, and at least one layer of an adhesion promoter material positioned between the outer layer and the HDPE substrate, to efficiently mediate adhesion therebetween. The adhesion promoter is preferably a polyethylene material having a density lower than that of the HDPE base material. Preferred adhesion promoter materials include very low density polyethylene (VLDPE), high pressure low density polyethylene (HP-LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), and medium density polyethylene (MDPE). The film is high biaxially oriented, being, stretched in the machine direction to a degree of from about 5:1 to about 8:1, preferably from about 6:1 to about 7:1, and stretched in the transverse direction to a degree of from about 6:1 to about 15:1, preferably from about 9:1 to about 13:1.

Abstract: A method for breaking an emulsion comprising oil and water into oil and water phases comprising treating the emulsion with a chemical demulsifier and passing the mixture through a hollow chamber having a uniform cross-section and subjecting the mixture to acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz, preferably 1.25 kHz, to enhance breaking the emulsion into a water phase and oil phase. The oil phase is then separated from the water phase by gravity separation and recovered. The sonic energy is generated by a transducer attached to the mid-section of the upper or lower outer surface of the hollow chamber. For emulsions containing light oil having an API gravity greater than 20 and water, the emulsion can be broken by the use of acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz without the addition of chemical demulsifiers.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for producing a high Viscosity Index lubricant having a VI of at least 125 from a waxy hydrocarbon feed having a wax content of at least 40 wt %. The process comprises catalytically dewaxing waxy paraffins present in the feed by isomerization in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of a low acidity large pore zeolite isomerization catalyst. This catalyst has a ratio of SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, as synthesized, of at least 50:1, wherein the catalyst is prepared in the absence of boron. The alpha value of the catalyst is no greater than 20. The catalyst comprises a noble metal hydroisomerization catalyst such as Pt. The feed may be hydrocracked prior to dewaxing with the large pore zeolite. The effluent of the process may also be further dewaxed by either solvent or catalytic means in order to achieve target pour point.