Abstract: Substantially rectangular-shaped tanks are provided for storing liquefied gas, which tanks are especially adapted for use on land or in combination with bottom-supported offshore structure such as gravity-based structures (GBS). A tank according to this invention is capable of storing fluids at substantially atmospheric pressure and has a plate cover adapted to contain fluids and to transfer local loads caused by contact of said plate cover with said contained fluids to a grillage of stiffeners and stringers, which in turn is adapted to transfer the local loads to an internal truss frame structure. Methods of constructing these tanks are also provided.

Abstract: A uniaxially heat-shrinkable, biaxially oriented, multilayer film having a polypropylene-containing core layer containing at least 70 wt. % of the multilayer film and at least one polyolefin-containing skin layer adjacent the core layer is prepared by biaxially orienting a coextrudate and thereafter orienting the coextrudate by stretching 10 to 40% in the machine direction. The core layer contains isotactic polypropylene, a modifier which reduces the crystallinity of the polypropylene-containing core layer and a nucleating agent. Such modifiers include atactic polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, propylene-butene-1 copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene-1 terpolymer, and linear low density polyethylene. The nucleating agent improves long term dimensional stability. The skin layer can be high density polyethylene on both sides or high density polyethylene on one side and isotactic polypropylene on the other side.

Abstract: A method and reactor system for catalytic hydrotreating and hydrocracking liquid hydrocarbon feedstock for producing a cracked liquid feedstock having a reduced contaminant level involves introducing the feedstock into the first reaction zone of a reactor system having a plurality of successive reaction zones, each reaction zone having a hydroprocessing catalyst bed therein, at least the first reaction zone comprising a hydrotreating reaction zone and at least one downstream reaction zone comprising a hydrocracking reaction zone, introducing hydrogen gas into the reactor system for flow through and over the catalyst beds in contact with the liquid in the reaction zones, the hydrogen exothermically reacting with the liquid in the reaction zones for producing an effluent for each reaction zone having a temperature greater than the temperature of the influent feedstock to that reaction zone, introducing liquid feedstock having the same composition as the liquid feedstock introduced into the first reaction zone i

Abstract: A process for producing phenol and acetone from cumene hydroperoxide is described in which the cumene hydroperoxide is contacted with a solid-acid catalyst comprising a mixed oxide of cerium and a Group IVB metal.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing a high viscosity index and low pour point lubricating oil base stock which comprises catalytically converting a hydrotreated hydrocarbon lube oil feedstock containing waxy paraffins in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of a low acidity ZSM-5 catalyst having a highly dispersed noble metal component. The ZSM-5 catalyst is subjected to controlled acidity reduction to an alpha value below 15 prior to incorporation of the noble metal component.

Abstract: A model to predict the quality of a lubricant base stock for use in a plurality of products having a plurality of viscosities. The compositional model is based on a quantitative analysis of key compositional parameters and performance criteria for the plurality of products representing the plurality of viscosities. The compositional model predicts whether the composition of a new lubricant base stock is similar or dissimilar to known lubricant base stock compositions that have previously passed or failed performance tests. New base stock compositions, then, are evaluated in light of base stocks that have demonstrated acceptable performance in a plurality of products. The compositional model also predicts whether a combination of refinery streams can be blended for use in manufacturing a lubricant base stock.

Abstract: An ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymerization catalyst is prepared by impregnating a silica calcined at elevated temperature sequentially with an organomagnesium compound such as dialkylmagnesium compound, a silane compound which is free of hydroxyl groups, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate. A transition metal component such as titanium tetrachloride is then incorporated into the support. Unexpectedly, the calcination temperature of the silica used to prepare the catalyst precursors has a strong influence on polymer product properties. By increasing the calcination temperature of the silica from 600° to 700° C. or higher temperatures, a catalyst precursor when activated produced ethylene/1-hexene copolymers with narrower molecular weight distributions (MWD) as manifested by a decrease of resin MFR values of ˜3-4 units. Activation of this catalyst precursor with a trialkylaluminum compound results in a catalyst system which is effective for the production of ethylene copolymers.

Abstract: A laminated film structure that includes a primary web having a migratory additive in a first outer layer and a metallocene polyethylene in a second outer layer that can be laminated to a secondary web without treating the surface of the second outer layer with a primer or solvent. The primary web further includes a core substrate layer disposed between the two outer layers that can include a biaxially oriented polypropylene. The laminated film structures have improved bond strength between the primary web and the secondary web.

Abstract: This concept concerns a vapor/liquid contacting tray which is useful in distillation and related mass transfer or heat transfer applications where liquid flows down and gas or vapor flows up through a vessel. In this device, the perforated area is relatively small, so the liquid is entrained upward. The liquid flow is then directed downward into a large disengaging area. The downward momentum of the liquid and the large disengaging allow for high liquid and vapor rates without overloading the vapor/liquid disengaging capacity of the device.

Abstract: Lubricant oils of low pour point and improved oxidation stability are produced by catalytically dewaxing a lube feedstock over a zeolite dewaxing catalyst such as ZSM-5 in the hydrogen or decationized form. The use of these catalysts enables products of excellent oxidative stability to be obtained and reduces the catalyst aging rate in the first and subsequent dewaxing cycles to values below 5° F./day. The duration of the dewaxing cycles may be extended, particularly in the second and subsequent cycles after hydrogen reactivation.

Abstract: A laminated multilayer film substrate for use in the production of banknotes includes a first layer comprising (a) a first layer having inner and outer sides, comprising at least about 50 weight percent of a high density polyethylene having a density of at least about 0.94, said first layer being oriented in the transverse direction (TD) to a degree which is at least three times greater than the degree of orientation present in the machine direction (MD); (b) a second layer having inner and outer sides, comprising at least about 50 weight percent of a high density polyethylene having a density of at least about 0.

Abstract: An oriented multi-layer film comprised of a core layer comprising a metallocene-catalyzed substantially isotactic propylene polymer, a first additional layer on a side of the core layer, and a second additional layer on a side of the core layer which side is opposite to the side having the first additional layer. In one embodiment of the invention, the core layer includes a polymerized alicyclic hydrocarbon such as polyterpene.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a dispensing system for a fuel additive. This dispensing system comprises two subsystems, one being located in a vehicle and the other located in a fuel pump. The dispensing system of the present disclosure dispenses a liquid fuel additive into a fuel additive storage container of a vehicle at the time the vehicle is fueled at a fuel pump. According to the present disclosure, the fuel additive is a solution of urea, water and a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol. A gasoline performance enhancer may also be used as a fuel additive in the dispensing systems of the present disclosure.

Abstract: This invention relates to the refining of petroleum products, and more particularly to an integrated hydroprocessing scheme involving a hydrocracking stage and subsequent dewaxing stage. Materials boiling in the middle distillate or lube oil range may be dewaxed. The bottoms streams (and optionally, other streams) of each stage are maintained separately from one another, during processing. Dewaxing may occur using either hydroisomerization catalysts or shape-selective catalysts or both in series. One embodiment employs a baffle in the flash zone of a fractionator to separate bottoms streams from each other. Alternatively, the effluent from the hydrocracking stage may be processed separately from the effluent from the dewaxing stage. The bottoms fraction from the dewaxing stage may be recycled back to the hydrocracking stage for further processing or used as lube base stock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of petroleum coke for the manufacture of carbonaceous anodes for the aluminum smelting industry. The inclusion of Group 4 and/or Group 13 metal compounds as additives to the petroleum coker feedstock diminish the oxidizing tendencies of the metal impurities inherent in the petroleum coke.

Abstract: An improved stripper section design is provided for use in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units. The stripper section contains means for imparting rotational movement to the FCC cracking catalyst as it traverses the stripping section. In one embodiment the stripper section contains at least one rotation vane that is preferably disposed on the surface of a stripper section tray. The rotation vane provides angular, rotational movement to the cracking catalyst as it traverses the stripper section. Vertical movement is imparted to the cracking catalyst due to gravity and radial movement is imparted to the catalyst due to the slanted nature of the tray. Through the use of the rotation vanes the contact between the catalyst particles and the stripping steam is increased, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the FCC operation.

Abstract: The invention provides dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers which include polymers of conjugated dienes which have been hydrogenated, functionalized, optionally modified, and post treated. The dispersant substances include a copolymer of two different conjugated dienes and an aryl-substituted olefin. The polymers are selectively hydrogenated to produce polymers which have highly controlled amounts of unsaturation, permitting highly selective functionalization. Also provided are lubricant fluids, such as mineral and synthetic oils, which have been modified in their dispersancy and/or viscometric properties by means of the dispersant substances of the invention. Also provided are methods of modifying the dispersancy and/or viscometric properties of lubricating fluids such as mineral and synthetic lubricating oils. The dispersant substances may also include a carrier fluid to provide dispersant concentrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multilayer film which is heat sealable over a broad temperature range. It is desirable to have a broad sealing temperature range to increase the production of packaging machines. The present invention also relates to multilayer film which provides easy opening and hermetic seals to packages. The film is made up of a core layer comprising linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and at least one skin layer having a melting point of at least 10° C. below the core layer melting point.

Abstract: A process for the reclamation of spent aqueous alkanolamine solutions by contacting a spent aqueous alkanolamine solution with a strong base ion exchange resin for time sufficient to sorb from the aqueous alkanolamine solution at least a portion of the accumulated ions and after a high concentration of ions accumulate on the resin, regenerating the strong base ion exchange resin by: a) purging the resin with water or nitrogen, b) contacting the strong base ion exchange resin with a sodium chloride solution for a time sufficient to remove the ions, c) purging the resin to remove the sodium chloride solution, d) contacting the resin with an alkali metal hydroxide solution, preferably sodium hydroxide, for a time sufficient to convert the resin to a substantially hydroxide form; and e) purging the resin, wherein the ion sorption capacity of the resin is maintained at a substantially constant value.

Abstract: A system and a method for transferring cryogenic fluids (LNG) between a first LNG storage tank and a second LNG storage tank wherein the transfer system includes a means for cooling the transfer lines when the system is not in use. The system has two transfer lines which extend between the tanks and which are fluidly connected together to form a closed loop when the system is not in use. LNG is circulated at high pressure through the closed loop during idle intervals to keep the lines at a temperature at which LNG will remain in a single phase, i.e. liquid.