Abstract: A class of relatively high molecular weight, high density ethylene polymer blends is disclosed capable of being blow molded with excellent processability into articles, e.g., bottles, of superior mechanical and other properties, such blends having a density of at least about 0.930 g/cc, a flow index (I21) of at least about 2 g/10 min., a melt flow ratio (MFR) of at least about 60, and a polydispersity index of at least about 8, the polymers of said blend consisting essentially of at least about 0.3 weight fraction of a relatively high molecular weight (HMW) component having a density of at least about 0.900 g/cc, a flow index or high load melt index (I21) of at least about 0.2 g/10 min., and a flow ratio (FR) at least about 10, and a relatively low molecular weight (LMW) component having a density of at least about 0.930 g/cc and a melt index (I2) no greater than about 1000 g/10 min.

Abstract: Petroleum waxes are converted to high viscosity index lubricants by a hydroisomerization process in which the wax feed is subjected to hydroisomerization over a low acidity molecular sieve isomerization catalyst (the molecular sieve being preferably a zeolite) which effects a preferential isomerization on the paraffin components in the feed to less waxy, high VI isoparaffins. The hydroisomerization is operated at high pressure, at least 1000 psig hydrogen partial pressure (reactor inlet) using a zeolite catalyst, preferably a noble metal containing zeolite beta catalyst which contains boron as a framework component of the zeolite to give a low alpha value, typically below 10. The hydroisomerization is carried out at with a 650° F.+ conversion in the range of 10 to 40 weight percent of the feed. A final dewaxing step to target pour point may be used with relatively low loss, typically no more than 15 weight percent, during this dewaxing.

Abstract: A process useful in steam cracking is disclosed for selectively converting a feed comprising C4+ dienes and oxygenate to a product comprising increased C2+ monoolefins and para-xylene levels by contacting said feed under diolefin conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising a porous crystalline material having a Diffusion Parameter for 2,2-dimethylbutane of about 0.1-100 sec−1 when measured at a temperature of 120° C. and a 2,2-dimethylbutane pressure of 60 torr (8 kPa), a temperature of 430° C. and 0.5 WHSV.

Abstract: A process for making an opaque, oriented polymeric film structure and the resultant film structures. The process comprises preparing a melt containing a crystallizable polymeric matrix material at a temperature of at least above the melting point of the polymeric matrix material and thereafter forming the melt into a sheet containing molten polymeric matrix material. The sheet containing molten material is then cooled to form a sheet containing amorphous polymeric matrix material and crystallites of the polymeric matrix material. The sheet while containing the amorphous polymeric matrix material is then formed into a film by stretching the sheet in at least one direction so as to form voids adjacent to at least some of the crystallites and thereby impart opacity to the film.

Abstract: Lubricating oils useful as gear oils, circulating oils, compressor oils and in other applications characterized by and excellent balance of anti-wear and anti-rust characteristics are based on high quality base stocks including a major portion of a hydrocarbon base fluid such as a PAO with a secondary base stock component which is preferably a long chain alkylated aromatic, such as an alkylnaphthalene. A synergistic combination of additives comprising an adduct of a substituted triazole such as benzotriazole or a substituted benzotriazole, e.g. tolyltriazole (TTZ) with an amine phosphate and a trihydrocarbyl phosphate such as cresyl diphenylphosphate (CDP), confers the desired balance of anti-wear and anti-rust properties. In addition, the present oils typically include an anti-oxidant component and a rust inhibitor together with other optional additive components.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing vapor and liquid reactants within a column. The apparatus forms a first mixing zone into which a first reactant (e.g. vapor) is homogenized by swirl flow and flows vertically downward. The apparatus further forms a second mixing zone into which a second reactant (e.g., liquid) is homogenized by swirl flow and flows vertically downward. Additional amounts of either the first reactant, the second reactant or both may be added into or ahead of the first mixing zone or the second mixing zone as appropriate. The first reactant is directed radially to collide in crossflow with a thin sheet of the second reactant to provide intense mixing of the first and second reactants. Due to separate mixing zones for the two reactants, the mixing conditions for each can be tailored to best mix each reactant while minimizing pressure drop and minimizing the space and volume requirements for this mixing.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing gas hydrates includes a reactor vessel having a fluidized or expanded bed reaction zone. The reactor vessel has an upper portion and a lower portion, wherein a cross-sectional area of the upper portion is larger than a cross-sectional area of the lower portion. Water is introduced into the reactor vessel, and hydrate-forming gas is introduced, under an elevated pressure, into the lower portion of the reactor vessel. Preferably, the water and gas flow in a countercurrent manner through the reactor and into the fluidized or expanded bed reaction zone. The apparatus can include a mechanism for withdrawing unreacted hydrate-forming gas from the upper portion of the reactor vessel and recycling it back into the fluidized or expanded reaction bed. A defrosting device can be included with the reactor so that at least a portion of at least one wall of the reactor vessel can be defrosted.

Abstract: A process for producing phenol and acetone from cumene hydroperoxide is described in which the cumene hydroperoxide is contacted with a solid-acid catalyst produced by calcining a source of a Group IVB metal oxide with a source of an oxyanion of a Group VIB metal at a temperature of at least 400°C.

Abstract: A process for producing phenol and acetone from cumene hydroperoxide is described in which the cumene hydroperoxide is contacted with a solid-acid catalyst comprising a sulfated transition metal oxide, preferably sulfated zirconia.

Abstract: Methods of preparing biaxially oriented polyethylene films with improved optics and sealability properties are provided. The methods include stretching in the machine direction a multi-layer base sheet having a core layer with a first and a second side, at least one skin layer and outer surfaces; then coating at least one of the outer surfaces with a resin selected from the group consisting of low density polyethylene, very low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene and blends thereof, and finally, stretching the base sheet in a direction transverse to the machine direction.

Abstract: A system for controlling temperature of a polymerization process includes a primary reactor system having a polymerization reactor and a recycle gas line which includes a heat exchanger, a primary temperature controller which continuously measures temperature within the reactor and provides a coolant adjust signal, a secondary cooling system which circulates a mixture of fresh and recirculated coolant through the heat exchanger and a secondary temperature controller which continuously measures the temperature of the mixed coolant and adjusts the proportion of mixed coolant to fresh coolant based on the coolant adjust signal and the temperature of the mixed coolant.

Abstract: A method is provided for co-producing dialkyl carbonate and alkanediol by reacting alkylene carbonate with alkanol in the presence of a Group 5 or Group 6 metal oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A novel synthesis composition of a solid acid containing zirconium, in addition to a rare earth element, such as cerium, has the potential for catalytic conversions of hydrocarbons, especially for isomerization of paraffins, ring opening of cyclics, hydrocracking, alkylation, hydrogenation of polynuclear aromatics, selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, and oligomerization of light olefins.

Abstract: The invention provides dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers which include polymers of conjugated dienes which have been hydrogenated, functionalized, optionally modified and post treated. The dispersant substances include a copolymer of two different conjugated dienes. The polymers are selectively hydrogenated to produce polymers which have highly controlled amounts of unsaturation, permitting highly selective functionalization. The polymers may be functionalized by grafting of heteroatom-containing olefins. Also provided are lubricant fluids, such as mineral and synthetic oils, which have been modified in their dispersancy and/or viscometric properties by means of the dispersant substances of the invention. Also provided are methods of modifying the dispersancy and/or viscometric properties of lubricating fluids such as mineral and synthetic lubricating oils. The dispersant substances may also include a carrier fluid to provide dispersant concentrates.

Abstract: A method for determining the efficiency of a carbon filter used to absorb hydrocarbons from organic solvents. A sample of the solution, used to remove CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S from natural hydrocarbon gases, is taken after it has passed through the carbon filter. A solution of an internal standard and carbon disulfide is added to the sample to concentrate the hydrocarbons into the solution. A second sample taken from the solution containing the concentrated hydrocarbons and is passed through a gas chromatograph which has a fast temperature ramp to measure the peak areas of the hydrocarbons and the internal standard. The concentration of the measured hydrocarbons are determined by comparing the peak area counts against that of the internal standard.

Abstract: A method is provided for co-producing dialkyl carbonate and alkanediol by reacting alkylene carbonate with alkanol in the presence of a complex salt catalyst having a formula A.sub.x (M.sub.y O.sub.z), wherein A is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, M is a Group 5 or Group 6 transition metal, O is oxygen, x is 1 or 2, y is 1 or 2, and z is an integer from 3 to 6.

Abstract: An oriented multi-layer film comprises:(a) at least one layer comprising an olefin polymer, for example, isotactic polypropylene; and(b) a barrier layer adjacent the at least one layer of (a), comprising a syndiotactic polypropylene which preferably possesses an isotacticity of less than 25%, more preferably less than 15%, in particular less than 6%, and moisture and oxygen permeability reducing amounts of wax.

Abstract: There is provided a process for shape selective xylene methylation that involves contacting a feedstream which includes xylene and methanol under alkylation conditions, with a low activity catalyst. Xylene conversions of at least 15% at methanol utilization levels of 25% or greater are achieved by sequential injection of methanol The xylene methylation process has a selectivity for pseudocumene of over 85% and up to 99%, with a pseudocumene:durene ratio of up to 20 or more.

Abstract: The supported catalyst disclosed herein is a contact product of two components. One component is the contact product of silica containing hydroxyl groups and alumoxane. This second component is the paraffinic-hydrocarbon soluble contact product of a metallocene compound of a transition metal and a trialkylaluminum compound.

Abstract: The novel synthetic polyethylene fluids of the present invention are characterized by high viscosity indices (about 94-151 VI), low pour points (about -60 to -10.degree. C.), and a kinematic viscosity of about 6 to 28 cSt KV at 100.degree. C. The product compositions comprise polymers having a molecular weight of from about 300 to 30,000 and a high branching index of 151 to 586 branches per 1000 CH.sub.2 groups, or BI=0.18-0.40, wherein the polymer is substantially free of methyl branches. Highly-branched polyethylene fluids that have less than 5 methyl branches per 1000 CH.sub.2 groups are prepared by polymerizing ethylene in the presence of a catalyst system consisting of [C] and [B], wherein [C] is a catalyst having the empirical formula MX.sub.4 and [B] is a co-catalyst having the empirical formula R.sub.n AlX.sub.3-n, where M is a Group IVB transition metal, X is a halogen anion, R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.