Abstract: A synthetic porous crystalline material has the structure of ZSM-5 and a composition involving the molar relationship: X2O3:(n)YO2, wherein X is a trivalent element; Y is a tetravalent element; and n is less than 25, and wherein the slope of the nitrogen sorption isotherm of the material at a partial pressure of nitrogen of 0.4 to 0.7 and a temperature 77° K is greater than 30. The material has a mesoporous surface area (MSA) greater than 45 m2/g and is useful as a catalyst in the liquid phase isomerization of xylene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst composition for olefin polymerization comprising metallocene complexes and novel cocatalysts belonging to the group of perfluorinated oligoarylaluminates, oligoarylthioaluminates and oligoarylaminoaluminates. These cocatalysts are produced by two alternative synthetic methods, either by reacting alkylalumoxanes with pentafluorophenol, pentafluorothiophenol, or with pentafluoroaniline, respectively; or in two-step processes comprising first reacting trialkylaluminum compounds with said perfluorinated agents and then by reacting the products of the first step with water. Catalyst systems containing these cocatalysts and metallocene complexes are active in polymerization and copolymerization reactions of ethylene and alpha-olefins.

Abstract: Novel crystalline zeolitic materials of the faujasite structure having an increased ratio of zeolitic surface area to mesoporous surface area and distinctive X-Ray Diffraction peak ratios are produced by calcining zeolite Y of low sodium content at temperatures above 600.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for converting a heavy aromatics feed to lighter aromatic products, such as benzene and xylene, by reacting C.sub.9+ aromatic hydrocarbons and toluene or benzene under transalkylation reaction conditions, over a first catalyst composition including a zeolite having a constraint index ranging from 0.5 to 3 and a hydrogenation component and a second catalyst composition including an intermediate pore size zeolite having a constraint index ranging from 3 to 12 and a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 5, to produce a transalkylation reaction product containing benzene or toluene and xylene. The benzene or toluene from the reaction product can then be distilled to obtain a benzene or toluene product.

Abstract: A process for catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock feeds to produce an enhanced yield of C.sub.3 to C.sub.5 olefins comprises contacting the feedstock with a catalyst composition comprising a large pore molecular sieve having a pore size greater than about 7 Angstrom and an additive component comprising a phosphorus-containing zeolite having a Constraint Index of about 1 to about 12 and a crystal size less than 0.2 micron.

Abstract: Acidic halides, especially chlorides, are removed from dry process vapor and liquid hydrocarbon streams by contact with solid caustic, such as a bed of NaOH. Salt deposits from form on the solid caustic, which are periodically removed by passing a liquid hydrocarbon continuous phase containing a minor amount of dissolved or entrained water over the solid caustic. Salts may be removed from the liquid hydrocarbon by extraction with water, which also saturates the liquid hydrocarbon so that it may be used to remove additional salt deposits.

Abstract: A lubricant additive having antiwear and antioxidant properties is the reaction product of a sulfur-containing carboxylic acid and an etheramine, preferably 3,3'-thiodipropionic acid and N-isoeicosyloxypropyl-1,3-diaminopropane which is post reacted with an aliphatic alcohol, preferably oleyl alcohol, an aliphatic amine, preferably a tert-C.sub.12 to C.sub.14 amine and/or a trialkyl phosphite, preferably a tributylphosphite. The post-reaction product contains at least one ester, amide and/or phosphonate functional group.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining data for simultaneously measuring relative permeability (k.sub.r), static capillary pressure, dynamic capillary pressure (P.sub.c), and electrical resistivity (R.sub.t) of a core sample taken from a subterranean reservoir under simulated reservoir temperature and pressure. A core sample having a a simulated original water and oil saturation is waterflooded while (1) pressures at spaced points along the core are measured to determine k.sub.r, (2) capillary pressures of the oil and water are measured to determine P.sub.c ; and (3) R.sub.t is measured between points spaced on the core. At the same time, the core is scanned by microwaves to determine the water saturation existing in the core at the time a particular measurement is made.

Abstract: Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst comprising zeolite beta. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. In favorable cases, using feeds of extended end point such as heavy naphthas with 95 percent points above about 380.degree. F. (about 193.degree. C.), improvements in both product octane and yield relative to the feed may be obtained.

Abstract: A method for removing a viscous hydrocarbonaceous fluid or oil from a formation where carbon dioxide is utilized. Gaseous carbon dioxide is injected, by a pre-set time interval or a computer actuated valve means, into a well near a productive interval. Injection continues for a time sufficient for the carbon dioxide and oil to mix thereby decreasing the oil's viscosity and facilitating gas lift of an oil of reduced viscosity to the surface.

Abstract: A process for solvent dewaxing a waxy oil feed to produce a lubricating oil by contacting a warm waxy oil feed in counter-current with a cold oil/solvent filtrate stream through a selectively permeable membrane to transfer cold solvent through the membrane to the feed and simultaneously cool the feed, dilute it with solvent and separate solvent from the cold oil/solvent filtrate stream. The cooled, diluted feed stream is then further cooled to precipitate the wax to form an oil/solvent/wax mixture which is further diluted with cold solvent and filtered to remove wax. The cold oil/solvent filtrate stream is cycled to the selectively permeable membrane for the counter-current contact with the warm waxy oil feed and, after removal of a portion of the solvent over the membrane, is sent to an oil/solvent separation operation in which the solvent is removed from the dewaxed oil.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for achieving turbulent or fast fluidized bed regeneration of spent FCC catalyst in a bubbling bed regenerator having a stripper mounted over the regenerator and a stripped catalyst standpipe within the regenerator. A closed coke combustor vessel is added to the existing regenerator vessel, and spent catalyst is discharged into the coke combustor and regenerated in a turbulent or fast fluidized bed, and discharged up into a dilute phase transport which preferably encompasses, and is in a countercurrent heat exchange relationship with, the spent catalyst standpipe. Regenerated catalyst is discharged from the dilute phase transport riser, and collected in the bubbling dense bed surrounding the coke combustor. Catalyst may be recycled from the dense bed to the coke combustor for direct contact heat exchange. Catalyst coolers may be used on catalyst recycle lines to the coke combustor, or on the line returning regenerated catalyst to the cracking reactor.

Abstract: An alkaline flooding oil recovery process is enhanced by injection of aqueous solutions of foam-forming surfactant and gases, or pre-formed foams, either ahead of or behind conventional alkaline slugs. In a preferred embodiment, a slug of an aqueous solution containing an alkaline agent followed by a driving fluid is injected into the formation that displaces oil through the relative high permeability zones of the formation and oil is recovered via the production well. Thereafter, a slug of an aqueous solution of a foam-forming surfactant is coinjected into the formation with a gas creating a foam when the gas mixes with the foam-forming surfactant in the aqueous solution. The foam created from the aqueous surfactant and gas will go preferentially into the formation zones of relatively high permeability and low oil saturation substantially plugging these zones.

Abstract: A modified supported catalyst for polymerizing alpha-olefins, for example, ethylene, is prepared by combining a chromium compound-containing catalyst with a modifier which is an oxide of an element of Group II A of the Periodic Chart of the Elements. The resulting modified catalyst composition, when used to polymerize alpha-olefins, produces polymer resins having higher values of High Load Melt Index (I.sub.21) than catalyst compositions without the modifier.There is also disclosed a process for polymerizing alpha-olefins, at relatively lower temperatures than was heretofore possible, to obtain resins of relatively high HLMI, using the above-identified modified catalyst composition. The resulting polymers can be used for the fabrication of blow-molded products, e.g., household and industrial containers.

Abstract: A method for gravel packing a well penetrating an unconsolidated or poorly consolidated subterranean oil or gas reservoir. The well employs a borehole casing with perforation tunnels for fluid communication between the borehole casing and a substantial portion of the reservoir. A sand screen is located inside the well casing and in juxtaposition with the perforation tunnels forming an annulus between the borehole casing and the sand screen. One or more conduits are positioned coaxially adjacent the exterior of the sand screen with openings to provide fluid communication between the conduit and a substantial portion of the annulus between the borehole casing and the sand screen. A slurry of gravel is injected down through the annulus between the borehole casing and the sand screen until the annulus is filled with gravel.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for cancelling nonstationary sinusoidal noise from seismic data. An estimate of the sinusoidal noise component is applied to a contaminated signal containing both a sinusoidal noise component and a non-sinusoidal data component to cancel the sinusoidal noise component of the signal. The estimate of the sinusoidal noise component is determined using continuous adjustments of the phase, frequency and amplitudes of the quadrature outputs of a local signal. The estimate of the sinusoidal noise component is subtracted from the contaminated signal and the resultant signal, which is an estimate of the data component of the contaminated signal, is utilized in adjusting the phase, frequency and amplitudes of the local reference sine-cosine signal.

Abstract: A continuous technique for upgrading light olefinic crackate gas from hydrocarbon cracking comprising methods and means for: (a) compressing and cooling a first portion of the light crackate gas to provide a first pressurized ethene-rich vapor stream and a first condensed crackate stream rich in C.sub.3.sup.+ aliphatics; (b) contacting said first ethene-rich vapor stream under pressure with a C.sub.5 + liquid sorbent stream in a gas-liquid contact absorber column under sorption conditions to selectively absorb a major amount of C.sub.3.sup.+ components; (c) recovering a second ethene-rich vapor stream overhead from the absorber column; (d) converting said second ethene-rich vapor stream in a reaction zone in once-through contact with a fluidized bed of said medium pore zeolite catalyst solid particles under oligomerization conditions to produce an olefinic hydrocarbon effluent stream rich in C.sub.

Abstract: Dialkyl phosphites are reacted with sulfur. The resulting product is further reacted with an alkylene oxide to form a lube oil product. A better additive results when phosphorus pentoxide is then reacted with the resulting product and this product is further reacted with an amine to form an amine phosphate salt.

Abstract: A process for recovering hydrocarbonaceous fluids from a formation having a substantially low pH where a rehealable gel prepared ex-situ is used to close off a zone of greater permeability. Said gel is obtained by mixing into an aqueous medium sufficient biopolymer amounts of a Xanthan or Alcaligene polysaccharide. This mixture is maintained at a pH of about 5.5 while an aminoplast resin in excess of 4,000 ppm is added thereto which causes said gel to form in about 0.5 to 6 hours. The resultant gel is suitable for use in a carbon-dioxide flood process. Said gels are very stable at a pH of less than about 5.5.

Abstract: A process for producing 2,6-dialkylnaphthalene from a hydrocarbon feedstock that contains at least one component selected from the group consisting of dialkylnaphthalene isomers, monoalkylnaphthalene isomers, polyalkylnaphthalenes, and naphthalene, is provided that includes the following steps: I. separating the hydrocarbon feedstock and/or a dealkylation product fed from step III into a naphthalene fraction, a monoalkylnaphthalene fraction, a dialkylnaphthalene fraction and a remaining products fraction; II. separating and purifying 2,6-dialkylnaphthalene from the dialkylnaphthalene fraction of step I; III. dealkylating the hydrocarbon feedstock and/or the remaining products fraction of step I and feeding the dealkylation product to step I; and IV. alkylating the naphthalene and monoalkylnaphthalene fractions of step I; wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock is fed to step I or step III.