Abstract: A disclosed molecular communication system includes a molecular transmitter configured to transmit an information molecule in which prescribed information is encoded, a molecular receiver configured to receive the information molecule, and a molecular capsule configured to carry the information molecule from the molecular transmitter to the molecular receiver. Each of the molecular transmitter, the molecular receiver, and the molecular capsule has an artificial cell membrane in which at least one kind of molecular switch is embedded, the molecular switch being responsive to an external input signal so as to control association and separation between the molecular transmitter and the molecular capsule, and association and separation between the molecular capsule and the molecular receiver, upon application of the external input signal.

Abstract: Provided is a compound semiconductor nanoparticle that exhibits circularly polarized luminescence characteristics. CdS prepared inside a core of ferritin, which is a cage-like protein, exhibits a high circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). A wavelength of the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) can be controlled by laser irradiation, thereby enabling utilization of the compound semiconductor nanoparticle in the field of bionanotechnology, for example, in creating a WORM (Write-Once Read-Many times) memory. As the cage-like protein, which is a protein with a cavity formed therein, a protein belonging to the ferritin protein family, such as apoferritin, or a recombinant thereof can be used.

Abstract: It is an objection of the present invention to provide a fluorescence reading apparatus in view of the influence of fluorescence derived from a fluorescence substance that is not involved with an interaction between a probe substance and a target substance.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a MOSFET includes the steps of: introducing an impurity into a silicon carbide layer; forming a carbon layer in a surface layer portion of the silicon carbide layer having the impurity introduced therein, by selectively removing silicon from the surface layer portion; and activating the impurity by heating the silicon carbide layer having the carbon layer formed therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel polypeptide or polypeptide derivative which has no risk of infection with a pathogen or propagation of a pathogenic factor and of an undesirable side effect, and which is useful as a carrier of various biologically-active substances or apatite, as well as a process for producing the same. More particularly, the present invention provides a polypeptide comprising a peptide unit having an amino acid sequence represented by the formula: -Pro-X-Gly- (wherein X represents Pro or Hyp) and a peptide unit having an amino acid sequence represented by the formula: -Pro-Hyp(O—Y—Z)-Gly- (wherein Y represents a carbonyl group, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group with or without a carbonyl group, or a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group with or without a carbonyl group, including an aromatic group, and Z represents a carboxyl group), as well as a process for producing the same.

Abstract: Provided is a crystal of a florigen activation complex, including a florigen, a 14-3-3 protein, and a bZIP transcription factor bound to each other. In addition, flowering of a plant is regulated by controlling mechanisms of interactions among those proteins utilizing the crystal. These are achieved as follows. With attention focused on the fact that Hd3a is bound to FD1 via GF14c to form a florigen activation complex, a crystal of the florigen activation complex is produced, conformational information is obtained through the use of the crystal of the florigen activation complex, and the flowering of a plant is regulated by controlling mechanisms of interactions among the florigen and the like utilizing such conformational information.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and the like that can determine the performance of a semiconductor integrated circuit with higher accuracy even when test environment fluctuates. The semiconductor device detects degradation of the semiconductor integrated circuit, including measurement unit that measures temperature and voltage, decision unit that judges whether the test is executed within an allowable test timing in the detection target circuit portion at each test operation frequency and decides a maximum test operation frequency and calculation unit that converts a maximum test operation frequency into that at a standard temperature and voltage and calculates a degradation amount. The semiconductor integrated circuit has a monitor block circuit that monitors the values for the measurement unit to measure temperature and voltage. The measurement unit has estimation unit that estimates temperature and voltage of a detection target circuit portion based on the monitored values.

Abstract: A test pattern is sequentially selected from an original test pattern sequence constituted by a plurality of test patterns including a don't care bit. Power consumption in each of regions obtained by substantially equally dividing a layout region of a semiconductor integrated circuit in a case where a don't care value is specified in the selected test pattern and this selected test pattern is applied to the semiconductor integrated circuit is estimated. A searching is conducted for a don't care value of the selected test pattern which minimizes a variation in power consumption among the regions by repeatedly changing the don't care value and repeatedly estimating power consumption in the regions. A new test pattern sequence constituted by a plurality of test patterns including no don't care bit is generated by defining the don't care value obtained by the searching as a don't care value of the selected test pattern.

Abstract: In order to provide a method for electrochemically detecting an analyte which can detect an analyte with high detection sensitivity, when detecting an analyte S trapped on a working electrode, a label binding substance 90 in which a labeling substance 93 and a first binding substance 92 which traps the analyte S are at least retained on a support 91 composed of polypeptide is brought into contact with the analyte. Alternatively, a complex containing the analyte S and a label binding substance 290 in which a labeling substance 293 is retained on a binding substance 291 which binds to the analyte S via a modulator 292 is formed. Then, the labeling substance present on the working electrode is electrochemically detected.

Abstract: An operation assist apparatus including: an assist controller that assists a driver of a vehicle in operating the vehicle before a stop point; and a watching action detector that detects a watching action of the driver for watching the stop point. The assist controller changes an assist manner in which to assist the vehicle operation by the driver in accordance with whether the watching action is detected by the watching action detector during deceleration of the vehicle. Thus configured, the operation assist apparatus can accurately determine whether the driver will stop the vehicle at the stop point and thus can perform the vehicle operation assist appropriately.

Abstract: L-Cysteine, L-cystine, a derivative or precursor thereof, or a mixture thereof is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, which has L-cysteine-producing ability and has been modified so that the activity of a protein encoded by a tolC gene, for example, a protein defined in the following (a) or (b), is increased in a medium, and by collecting L-cysteine, L-cystine, a derivative or precursor thereof, or a mixture thereof from the medium: (a) a protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, (b) a protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, but wherein one or several amino acid residues are substituted, deleted, inserted or added, increase of which activity in the bacterium improves the ability of the bacterium to produce L-cysteine.

Abstract: Providing a remote control technique capable of realizing the achievement of constraints and the certain following of a target value even with a network in which delay, loss, distortion, or the like may occur. In a remote control system, an area setting unit of a client-side control unit sets at least two areas representative of a group of states of an target object, which changes over time by feedback control. A state-evaluation information sending unit sends, to the host-side control unit, state evaluation information obtained by evaluating the state of the target object based on the area set by the area setting unit. A target value setting unit of the host-side control unit sets a target value such that the state of the target object changes in the area set by the area setting units. Moreover, a target value updating unit updates the target value based on the state evaluation information received from the client-side control unit.

Abstract: A solution containing a C70 cyclodextrin complex and a solution containing a lipid that is capable of forming a liposome are mixed together at a temperature in a range of 10° C. to 45° C. This produces a C70-incorporated liposome which keeps a physical property that the C70 fullerene originally has, and is stably solubilized in a polar solvent. Hence, the present invention provides a C70-incorporated liposome which keeps a physical property that the C70 fullerene originally has, and which is stably solubilized in a polar solvent, a production method of the same, and a use of the same.

Abstract: A molecular structure analysis device of at least one embodiment of the present invention includes: a light source for illuminating, with exciting light, a measurement sample including a molecule to be structurally analyzed to which molecule a rare earth complex is bonded; a measurement section for receiving light emitted from the measurement sample and for measuring intensities of spectra of the light; a calculation section for performing normalization in which intensities of spectra including a line spectrum due to electric dipole transition among the measured intensities of the spectra of the light are normalized by an intensity at one wavelength in a line spectrum due to magnetic dipole transition; and an output section for outputting the spectra whose intensities have been normalized. This makes it possible to attain a device and a method capable of analyzing minute change in a dynamic structure of the molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photolabile protecting group that can be removed by light irradiation under mild conditions. More specifically, the present invention provides a method comprising protecting a reactive functional group (e.g., a hydroxyl group, amino group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, phosphodiester group, etc.) by the photolabile protecting group, and then removing the photolabile protecting group simply by light irradiation under neutral conditions. The present invention relates to a compound represented by Formula (3): wherein Ar1 is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring, Ar2 is an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl group, X is a leaving group, and n is an integer of 1 or 2; and a method of protecting and deprotecting an amino group etc. using the compound.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention includes: a tracking object image extracting section that extracts a tracking object image, which represents a tracking object, from an image captured by a monocular camera; a two-dimensional displacement calculating section that calculates, as actual movement amounts, amounts of inter-frame movement of the tracking object image; a two-dimensional plane projecting section that generates on a two-dimensional plane a projected image of a three-dimensional model, which represents in three dimensions a capturing object captured by the monocular camera; a small motion generating section that calculates, as estimated movement amounts, amounts of inter-frame movement of the projected image; and a three-dimensional displacement estimating section that estimates amounts of three-dimensional motion of the tracking object on the basis of the actual movement amounts and the estimated movement amounts.

Abstract: The rare-earth complex of the present invention has high luminous efficiency, since it has a structure represented by the following general formula (I):

Abstract: An audio processing apparatus generates a suppression coefficient sequence that is composed of coefficient values corresponding to frequency components of an audio signal, the frequency components being multiplied by the corresponding coefficient values to suppress noise components of the audio signal. In the audio processing apparatus, a characteristic value calculation unit calculates a noise characteristic value depending on a shape of a magnitude distribution of the audio signal. An intensity setting unit variably sets a suppression intensity of the noise components based on the noise characteristic value. A coefficient sequence generation unit generates the suppression coefficient sequence based on the audio signal and the suppression intensity.

Abstract: A scramble key generation unit generates scramble keys (individual encryption keys) which are different from one another and which are for encrypting and decrypting distributing data, by subjecting a predetermined initial encryption key at least once to a unidirectional reverse replacement and at least once to a trapdoor-equipped unidirectional replacement. A time key generation unit generates a time key (master encryption key) for regenerating the scramble keys, by subjecting any of the scramble keys generated by the scramble key generation unit at least once to the unidirectional reverse replacement. Thus, it is possible to efficiently and flexibly generate the individual encryption keys for encrypting and decrypting the distribution data, and master encryption key capable of regenerating some of the individual encryption keys.

Abstract: A method to easily manufacture a nanosized EuSe crystal which has been conventionally difficult to be manufactured. Heating an Eu(III) complex whose general formula is represented by the following formula generates an EuSe crystal having a particle size corresponding to the heating condition. Alternatively, the mixture composed of Eu(III) complex, a counter cation, and a solvent may be heated. The particle size of the nanosized EuSe crystals can be manipulated by the heating condition, thus the absorption wavelength of the EuSe crystals can be easily controlled. In addition, it is easy to create a magnetooptic-responsive plastic using the high dispersibility of the EuSe crystals, thus it can be immediately applied to an optical isolator or other devices.