Abstract: An optical filter includes a first loop mirror, a second loop mirror, a first waveguide optically coupled to the first loop mirror and the second loop mirror, a second waveguide optically coupled to the first loop mirror and the second loop mirror, a first access waveguide optically coupled to the first waveguide, a second access waveguide optically coupled to the second waveguide, and an output section, wherein the first loop mirror includes a first loop waveguide and a first multiplexer/demultiplexer, the second loop mirror includes a second loop waveguide and a second multiplexer/demultiplexer, the output section includes a third loop waveguide, a third multiplexer/demultiplexer, a third waveguide, and a fourth waveguide, the third loop waveguide optically coupled to the second loop waveguide and the third multiplexer/demultiplexer, the third waveguide and the fourth waveguide optically coupled to the third multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the output section.

Abstract: A functional structure which can resist a decrease in the functions of the functional material caused by influences such as force and heat and thus have a long life. The functional structure includes supports each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional material present in the supports, in which each of the supports has channels communicating with one another, the functional material is present at least in the channel of each of the supports, the functional material present in the supports includes a metal element (M), and the content of the metal element (M) is more than 2.5 mass % with respect to the functional structure.

Abstract: A method for making a functional structural body includes a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of metallic nanoparticles present in the skeletal body, the skeletal body having channels connecting with each other, the metallic nanoparticles being present at least in the channels of the skeletal body.

Abstract: An object is to prevent eavesdropping in quantum key distribution. A synchronization signal reception device receives a synchronization signal that is an optical signal for defining a timing at which a quantum signal is detected, and outputs a reference signal corresponding to the synchronization signal. A clock signal generation unit generates a clock signal in response to the reference signal. A photon detection device detects a photon of the quantum signal in response to the clock signal. A timing of the clock signal randomly changes within a predetermined range.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound exhibiting coronavirus 3CL protease inhibitory activity or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same. Provided is a compound represented by Formula (I): wherein carbon atom a and carbon atom b are each a carbon atom constituting ring A, the ring A is substituted aromatic carbocycle or the like, R1 is substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclyl or the like, R2 is substituted or unsubstituted 6-membered aromatic carbocyclyl or the like, m is 1 or the like, R5as are each independently a hydrogen atom or the like, R5bs are each independently a hydrogen atom or the like, n is 1 or the like, R4a is a hydrogen atom or the like, and R4a is a hydrogen atom or the like. Alternatively, provided is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound.

Abstract: A nuclear reaction detection device includes an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) 100 which is arranged in an environment in which particle radiation is incident, and includes a user circuit 101 configured to output a value different from that in a normal state, if an SEU (Single Event Upset) occurs in a semiconductor element included in the FPGA, and an SEF detection unit 210 which detects that an abnormal operation (SEF) has occurred in the user circuit based on the output value from the user circuit 101 of the FPGA 100.

Abstract: A common-mode voltage canceller cancels a common-mode voltage that is generated in accompaniment with operation of an inverter that converts direct-current power to alternating-current power. The common-mode voltage canceller includes a common-mode transformer that generates a cancellation voltage that has a polarity reverse to the common-mode voltage. The common-mode transformer is disposed on a direct-current power line that supplies the direct-current power to the inverter.

Abstract: A heat-resistant alloy contains Y, a content of Ni is a content of Ni is 58.0 mass % or greater, a content of Cr is 20.0 mass % or greater and 23.0 mass % or less, a content of Mo is 8.0 mass % or greater and 10.0 mass % or less, a content of Nb is 3.15 mass % or greater and 4.15 mass % or less, a content of O is 0.002 mass % or greater and 0.1 mass % or less, and a ratio of a content of Y in terms of mass to a content of O in terms of mass is 0.5 or greater and 100 or less.

Abstract: It is desirable to provide a novel biomaterial and the like for tendon repair. Provided is a biomaterial for tendon repair containing a hydrogel formed by means of a cross-linking reaction between a reactive group A and a reactive group B, wherein the hydrogel contains a water-soluble polymer having the reactive group A, and mesenchymal stem cells having the reactive group B.

Abstract: To provide a functional structural body that can realize a long life time by suppressing the decline in function of the functional substance and that can attempt to save resources without requiring a complicated replacement operation, and to provide a method for making the functional structural body. The functional structural body (1) includes a skeletal body (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional substance (20) present in the skeletal body (10), the skeletal body (10) has channels (11) connecting with each other, and the functional substance is present at least in the channels (11) of the skeletal body (10).

Abstract: A phase modulator calibration method includes steps of: providing a first delay interferometer to be used as a phase calibration reference and a second delay interferometer in which a phase modulator to be calibrated is installed in an optical path; for each of the first and second delay interferometers, measuring a delay time based on a time interval between pulses split from one input pulse and synchronizing the delay time with a cycle of a transmission clock; for the first delay interferometer, adjusting a phase difference so that input continuous-wave laser light produces an intensity-enhancing interference at an output; and determining the control signal with a calibration circuitry formed by connecting the first delay interferometer as a front stage and the second delay interferometer as a rear stage in a cascaded manner.

Abstract: A functional structure which can suppress functional degradation of a functional material to achieve longer life, which can save resources without complicated replacement operations, and which, used for example as a catalyst, exhibits excellent catalytic activity. The functional structure includes supports each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional material present in the supports and including a metal element (M), in which each of the supports has channels communicating with one another, the functional material is present at least in the channel of each of the supports, and the metal element (M) having constituted the functional material is partially substituted with an element having constituted the supports.

Abstract: Provided is a sulfide solid electrolyte that has a novel crystal structure and exhibits an ionic conductivity, the sulfide solid electrolyte containing a lithium atom, a phosphorus atom, a sulfur atom, and at least one kind of halogen atom selected from a chlorine atom and a bromine atom, and having a specific diffraction peak in powdery X-ray diffractometry using CuK? line, and a method for producing a sulfide solid electrolyte, the method including mixing a solvent 1 having a heteroatom and a raw material 1 containing specific atoms to prepare a mixture, preparing a solution that contains a raw material 2 containing a halogen atom and a solvent 2 having a heteroatom, mixing the mixture and the solution to prepare a fluid, and heating the fluid.

Abstract: Provided are a lignin degradation catalyst that exhibits excellent lignin degradability and that is readily separated after degradation reaction, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for degrading lignin. The lignin degradation catalyst according to the present invention contains a substrate and at least one metal compound immobilized on the substrate, wherein the at least one metal compound contains a copper compound. The method for producing a lignin degradation catalyst according to the present invention includes the step of brining a porous copper substrate into contact with a solution containing an oxidant to obtain a substrate having a copper compound immobilized thereon, or the step of subjecting a porous copper substrate to electro-oxidation to obtain a substrate having a copper compound immobilized thereon.

Abstract: There are provided a method for detecting amyloid-? bound to a brain-neuronal-cell-derived exosome in blood, the method including: a step of binding amyloid-? bound to the brain-neuronal-cell-derived exosome in blood to an amyloid-?-specific binding substance that specifically binds to amyloid-?, labeled with a nucleic acid fragment; and a step of detecting the amyloid-?-specific binding substance, and a method for evaluating an accumulation level of amyloid-? in a brain, the method including: a step of detecting amyloid-? bound to the brain-neuronal-cell-derived exosome in blood; and a step of evaluating an accumulation level of amyloid-? in a brain based on the detected amount of the amyloid-?.

Abstract: Polyoxyethylene derivatives represented by the following formula (1) provided by the present invention: wherein the symbols in the formula are as defined in the specification, can form conjugates with polypeptide that can be degraded over a long time under physiological conditions to release the polypeptide.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an ignition device including a housing, a bulk fuel, and at least two lead wires as electrodes. The bulk fuel is made of a plastic material, such as polylactic acid (PLA) or epoxy resin. The bulk fuel contains an internally dispersed powdery conductive material, thereby obtaining a conductive solid fuel. One end of the lead wire is partially embedded in the bulk fuel. The other end of the lead wire is connected to a power source. A portion of the bulk fuel is gasified by energizing the lead wire, and the gasified fuel is combusted by reaction with an oxidant.

Abstract: This polarization-transfer apparatus, which induces hyperpolarization with respect to a precursor containing 13C nuclei or 15N nuclei, has a microfluidic device in which the precursor is guided in a magnetic shield such that the strength of the magnetic field acting on the precursor monotonically decreases from approximately 1 ?T to zero magnetic field, and then the precursor is guided in the magnetic shield such that the strength of the magnetic field acting on the precursor monotonically increases from zero magnetic field to approximately 1 ?T.

Abstract: The present invention provides lipid nanoparticles that contain a pH-sensitive cationic lipid and a polyalkylene glycol-modified lipid. The pH-sensitive cationic lipid fraction of the total lipids that constitute the lipid nanoparticles is 10-25 mol %, the polyalkylene glycol-modified lipid fraction of the total lipids that constitute the lipid nanoparticles is 0.5-1.75 mol %, and the number average particle size of the lipid nanoparticles is at least 150 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gel material having a high water content and excellent mechanical properties. The gel material includes repeating units derived from the following monomers (A) and (B): (A) an anionic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring, and (B) a cationic monomer containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon multiple bond and an aromatic ring. The gel material has a water content of 20% by mass to 95% by mass, a tensile elastic modulus of 9 MPa to 1000 MPa, and a tensile elongation at break of 50% to 5000%.