Abstract: Provided are a fine particle manufacturing apparatus and a fine particle manufacturing method, which manufacture smaller fine particles. The fine particle manufacturing apparatus has: a raw material supply unit that supplies raw materials for producing fine particles into a thermal plasma flame; a plasma torch in which the thermal plasma flame is generated and the raw materials supplied by the raw material supply unit is evaporated by the thermal plasma flame to form a mixture in a gaseous state; a plasma generation unit that generates the thermal plasma flame inside the plasma torch; and a gas supply unit that supplies quenched gas to the thermal plasma flame, wherein the gas supply unit supplies the quenched gas with time modulation of the supply amount of the quenched gas.

Abstract: Provided is a polynucleotide comprising at least one sequence encoding a fusion protein comprising (a) an antigen-presenting MHC molecule, which can be presented outside the membrane of a cell or an extracellular vesicle; (b) at least one T-cell stimulatory cytokine or subunit thereof, which can be presented outside the membrane of a cell or an extracellular vesicle; (c) a T-cell costimulatory molecule, which can be presented outside the membrane of a cell or an extracellular vesicle; (d) an antigen-presenting MHC molecule and at least one T-cell stimulatory cytokine or subunit thereof, which can be presented outside the membrane of a cell or an extracellular vesicle; or (e) an antigen-presenting MHC molecule, at least one T-cell stimulatory cytokine p or subunit thereof, and a T-cell costimulatory molecule, which can be presented outside the membrane of a cell or an extracellular vesicle.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing a polysaccharide nanofiber-blended polysaccharide composition whose mechanical physical properties are reinforced by a polysaccharide nanofiber, and is easily carried out. A method for producing a polysaccharide nanofiber-blended polysaccharide composition is also provided which includes a step of mixing a sol containing a polysaccharide nanofiber (A), a polysaccharide (B), and a solvent (C) capable of dissolving the polysaccharide (B), and a step of drying the resultant mixture to obtain a dry mixture.

Abstract: A kneading state detection device includes an acquisition unit that, when an extrusion molding machine that kneads a raw material or kneads a raw material and an additive is in operation, acquires an output of an AE sensor installed on a housing of the extrusion molding machine, and a determination unit that determines a kneading state of the raw material, based on a comparison between a change in intensity of the output of the AE sensor acquired by the acquisition unit and a threshold.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for regulating carbohydrate metabolism, the composition containing, as an active ingredient, an agent for controlling the amount of D-amino acid in the living body of a subject. Moreover, the present invention provides a method for assessing carbohydrate metabolism conditions of a subject by monitoring the amount of D-amino acid in the living body of the subject.

Abstract: There is provided a cellulose derivative that has a high amount of a chelate adsorption group introduced, has high hydrophilicity, and is capable of efficiently recovering boron. The cellulose derivative of the present disclosure has a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1-1). In the following formula (I-1), Ra is the same as or different from each other, and is a hydroxyl group or a group represented by the following formula (a). In the following formula (a), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group optionally having a hydroxyl group. R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group. Note that at least one of all R3 contained in the cellulose derivative is the group represented by the following formula (a).

Abstract: Provided are a fine particle production apparatus and a fine particle production method that can control the particle sizes of fine particles, and efficiently produce a large amount of fine particles having good particle size uniformity. The present invention comprises: a raw material supply unit which supplies raw materials for fine particle production into thermal plasma flame; a plasma torch in which the thermal plasma flame is generated, and which evaporates the raw material supplied by the raw material supply unit by means of the thermal plasma flame to form a mixture in a gas phase state; and a plasma generation unit which generates thermal plasma flame inside the plasma torch.

Abstract: A power generation element and an actuator for vibration power generation is provided that can be mass-produced at low cost while achieving increase in electromotive force. A power generation element includes a main series magnetic circuit having a frame yoke made of magnetic material and provided with a fixed portion that is one end and a free portion that is the other end across a U-shaped bent portion, a main magnet that applies a magnetic bias to the frame yoke, and a first gap formed at a position in contact with the free portion; and an auxiliary series magnetic circuit having an auxiliary yoke made of magnetic material and attached to the frame yoke, an auxiliary magnet that gives a magnetic bias to the auxiliary yoke, a second gap formed at a position facing the first gap across the free portion, the frame yoke, the main magnet, and the first gap.

Abstract: This method for producing a fiber-reinforced composite material includes: a fiber dispersion process of providing a fiber-dispersed resin by kneading a resin 10a with fibers 10b to disperse the fibers 10b in the resin 10a; and a molecular weight reduction process in which, while transporting the fiber-dispersed resin along an outer peripheral surface of a screw body 37 provided with a passage 88 inside, the fiber-dispersed resin passes from an inlet 91 of the passage 88 to an outlet 92 of the passage 88 and a shear force is applied to the fiber-dispersed resin by restricting the transport of the fiber-dispersed resin with a barrier unit 82 disposed between the inlet 91 and the outlet 92 of the passage 88 on the outer peripheral surface.

Abstract: A production device for melt-blown non-woven fabric, with which a high molecular weight polymer can be reduced in molecular weight by applying a shear force to the high molecular weight polymer without adding an additive such as a peroxide that promotes thermal decomposition reaction, and a low molecular weight polymer can be efficiently produced. The low molecular weight polymer and the melt-blown non-woven fabric are produced using a continuous high shearing device that applies a shear force to the high molecular weight polymer serving as a raw material by rotation of a screw body 37 to reduce the molecular weight of the high molecular weight polymer so as to obtain a low molecular weight polymer, and cools the low molecular weight polymer by passing the low molecular weight polymer through a passage 88 arranged in the axial direction inside the screw body 37.

Abstract: A fuel cell system having a direct liquid fuel cell that uses a liquid containing a formic acid or an alcohol as a fuel includes: a fuel tank that stores the fuel to be supplied to the fuel cell; a fuel supply device that supplies the fuel in the fuel tank to the fuel cell; and a bubbling device that blows an inert gas into the fuel stored in the fuel tank.

Abstract: A fuel flow groove formed in a fuel electrode current collector of a fuel electrode of a fuel cell includes a plurality of flow groove portions disposed in parallel, and a plurality of return groove portions connecting an end portion of one side edge portion or an end portion of the other side edge portion of the flow groove portions of two adjacent groups. Each of the return groove portions has an inner wall surface portion facing the end portion of the flow groove portions in the return groove portions. The inner wall surface portion has a curved surface shape in which a distance facing each other from the inner wall surface portion to the end portion of the flow groove portions, gradually decreases toward both end portions of the inner side wall surface portion in a direction orthogonal to an extending direction of the flow groove portions.

Abstract: A production method for a low molecular weight polymer suitable for a melt-blown non-woven fabric and a production device for melt-blown non-woven fabric, with which a high molecular weight polymer can be reduced in molecular weight by applying a shear force to the high molecular weight polymer without adding an additive. The low molecular weight polymer and the melt-blown non-woven fabric are produced using a continuous high shearing device that applies a shear force to the high molecular weight polymer serving as a raw material by rotation of a screw body to reduce the molecular weight of the high molecular weight polymer so as to obtain a low molecular weight polymer, and cools the low molecular weight polymer by passing the low molecular weight polymer through a passage arranged in the axial direction inside the screw body.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an adsorbent which is produced using a low environmental load material as a raw material and adsorbs selenious acid selectively and efficiently. A selenious acid adsorbent according to the present disclosure includes a cellulose derivative (I) having a repeating unit represented by Formula (I).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing diamond substrate of using source gas containing hydrocarbon gas and hydrogen gas to form diamond crystal on an underlying substrate by CVD method, to form a diamond crystal layer having nitrogen-vacancy centers in at least part of the diamond crystal, nitrogen or nitride gas is mixed in the source gas, wherein the source gas is: 0.005 volume % or more and 6.000 volume % or less of the hydrocarbon gas; 93.500 volume % or more and less than 99.995 volume % of the hydrogen gas; and 5.0×10?5 volume % or more and 5.0×10?1 volume % or less of the nitrogen gas or the nitride gas, and the diamond crystal layer having the nitrogen-vacancy centers is formed. A method for manufacturing a diamond substrate to form an underlying substrate, a diamond crystal having a dense nitrogen-vacancy centers (NVCs) with an orientation of NV axis by performing the CVD.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a cellulose derivative which has excellent storage stability and can selectively adsorb a valuable metal and a toxic metal. The cellulose derivative of the present disclosure has a repeating unit represented by Formula (I) below. In Formula (I) below. Ras are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom or a group represented by Formula (a) below. In Formula (a) below, ring Z represents a heterocycle containing a nitrogen atom as a heteroatom, and R1 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having from 1 to 10 carbons. Four R2s are identical or different, and each represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbons. At least one of all the Ras included in the cellulose derivative is a group represented by Formula (a) below.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a discharge structure that discharges water generated in a cathode electrode in association with an electrode reaction in the MEA to the outside. The discharge structure includes a discharge path through which air that is an oxidant flows, a passage that communicably connects an oxidant supply flow path and the discharge path and that moves water generated in the cathode electrode to the discharge path, and a discharge portion that discharges the generated water moved to the discharge path to the outside.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing diamond substrate of using source gas containing hydrocarbon gas and hydrogen gas to form diamond crystal on an underlying substrate by CVD method, to form a diamond crystal layer having nitrogen-vacancy centers in at least part of the diamond crystal, nitrogen or nitride gas is mixed in the source gas, wherein the source gas is: 0.005 volume % or more and 6.000 volume % or less of the hydrocarbon gas; 93.500 volume % or more and less than 99.995 volume % of the hydrogen gas; and 5.0×10?5 volume % or more and 5.0×10?1 volume % or less of the nitrogen gas or the nitride gas, and the diamond crystal layer having the nitrogen-vacancy centers is formed. A method for manufacturing a diamond substrate to form an underlying substrate, a diamond crystal having a dense nitrogen-vacancy centers (NVCs) with an orientation of NV axis by performing the CVD.

Abstract: To provide extracellular vesicles capable of satisfactorily activating, etc., antigen-specific T cells. Provided are said antigen-presenting extracellular vesicles that present an antigen-presenting MHC molecule and a T-cell-stimulating cytokine extramembranously.

Abstract: The invention provides a polynucleotide including at least one of (a) a sequence encoding a fusion protein including an antigen-presenting MHC molecule capable of being presented extramembranously of an extracellular vesicle; (b) a sequence encoding a fusion protein including a T cell stimulating cytokine or a subunit thereof capable of being presented extramembranously of an extracellular vesicle; (c) a sequence encoding a fusion protein including a T cell co-stimulatory molecule capable of being presented extramembranously of an extracellular vesicle; (d) a sequence encoding a fusion protein including an antigen-presenting MHC molecule and a T cell stimulating cytokine or a subunit thereof capable of being presented extramembranously of an extracellular vesicle; and (e) a sequence encoding a fusion protein including an antigen-presenting MHC molecule, a T cell stimulating cytokine or a subunit thereof, and a T cell co-stimulatory molecule capable of being presented extramembranously of an extracellular vesi