Abstract: A method for aralkylation of benzene or alkylbenzenes which is characterized in that an aromatic olefin having a double bond or double bonds which are conjugated with the benzene ring is added to the benzene or alkylbenzenes in the presence of at least one member of catalyst selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formula:C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1-m Cl.sub.m SO.sub.3 Hin which the symbol n is an integer from 1 to 5 and m is 0 or 1. Since the selectivity to the aromatic olefin in the reaction is excellent, the mixture of aromatic olefins and aliphatic olefins can be employed as one of the starting material.

Abstract: A valve sealing device is proposed consisting of two parts, one of which contacts the body of the valve and is made of an expanded graphite compact or an expanded graphite--inorganic binder composite compact, and the other of which contacts the valve member and is made of a carbonaceous material--metallic material composite, a carbonaceous material impregnated with an inorganic binder, or a metallic material; a valve using such a sealing device is also proposed.

Abstract: A process for producing molded articles, such as cups, which comprises passing a crystalline polyolefin resin melt in sheet form through between rolls having a specified surface roughness and temperature while simultaneously contacting both faces of the resin melt with the rolls respectively, followed by still contacting at least one of the faces with the roll or other similar rolls to solidify the resin melt thereby obtaining a sheet having a specified surface roughness on each face, further passing the sheet through between at least one pair of rolls rotating in the direction opposite to each other and having therebetween a gap smaller than the thickness of the sheet while maintaining the sheet at lower than the crystalline melting point thereof thereby to obtain a rolled sheet and then molding the rolled sheet under pressure while maintaining the rolled sheet at specifically lower than the crystalline melting point thereof thereby to obtain the molded articles.

Abstract: A method for preparing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with excellent yield and selectivity but without the formation of cyclic dimers and other undesirable by-products. In the method of the present invention, styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, .beta.-methylstyrene and/or vinyltoluene is dimerized and/or codimerized to produce unsaturated dimer and/or codimer in the first step reaction and said unsaturated dimer and/or codimer is caused to react with an aromatic hydrocarbon or hydrocarbons in the second step reaction, and both the first and second step reactions are carried out in the presence of a catalyst which is represented by the general formula: RCF.sub.2 SO.sub.3 H, in which the symbol R is Cl, F or C.sub.n F.sub.p CL.sub.2n+1-p, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3 and p is also an integer from 1 to 2n+1.

Abstract: An excellent fat-liquoring composition for leather comprises 100 parts by weight of a neutralized polybutene sulfonation product, 1-100 parts by weight of a polybutene and 1-100 parts by weight of one or more fatty acid salts. The polybutene employed herein has a number average molecular weight of 250-1500, is normally in a liquid form, and is obtained by polymerizing a mixed C.sub.4 fraction in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts type catalyst. The polybutene thus prepared is sulfonated with sulfur trioxide or chlorosulfonic acid with or without a diluent such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide and liquid solvents, etc. to obtain a polybutene sulfonation product. The polybutene sulfonation product is neutralized with an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxides or ammonia to prepare neutralized polybutene sulfonation products.

Abstract: A process for wet oxidation of a liquid waste effluent using a vertical-type pressure-proof container in which a free space is provided at each of the axial lower and upper ends and the remaining space between the axial ends is divided into at least two spaces, at least one serving as an effluent-descending space and the other as an effluent-ascending space, by furnishing at least one partition, which process comprising introducing a liquid waste effluent and circulating the effluent through the effluent-descending space, lower free space, effluent-ascending space and upper free space while oxidizing the effluent with an oxidizing gas ejected upward into the effluent-ascending space and withdrawing the oxidized effluent and used oxidizing gas through an outlet provided at the top of the container.

Abstract: A method for producing foamed thermoplastic resin profiles with an outer skin layer of increased hardness and an inner foam structure which may be used in place of wooden articles. The outer skin has a smooth surface and a good appearance, and the inner portion enclosed by the skin has a uniform foam structure. Also, with this method an improved foaming efficiency can be obtained.