Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising for performing the following. The apparatus receives a stream of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols and associated cyclic prefixes produced by at least one orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulator of a radio transmitter or transceiver. The apparatus divides said stream into a plurality of overlapping processing blocks of a first length. At least one of the plurality of overlapping processing blocks comprises a non-overlapping section having values corresponding to a segment of said stream. The dividing comprises adjusting a length of the non-overlapping section at least based on whether a cyclic prefix is comprised in said segment and, if this is true, on a length of said cyclic prefix. The apparatus filters the plurality of overlapping processing blocks using fast convolution processing and concatenates filtered processing blocks to form an output signal for transmission using the radio transmitter or transceiver.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program provide for obtaining channel response data including a channel frequency response of a channel over a frequency spectrum, wherein the channel frequency response is generated in response to a transmission over the channel or a simulation thereof; and generating an indication of channel impairments in response to applying the channel response data to a transformer-based machine-learning (ML) model trained to predict a channel impairment estimate.

Abstract: It must be understood that such structure comprising CP1 and CS1 is implicitly there, even if the transmitter only explicitly prepends a CP1. Indeed, and explained by example of a full duplex multicarrier system, the receiver will still be required to discard a number of samples equivalent to a cyclic suffix from the received time samples of each symbol to obtain orthogonality with the echo received from the transmit symbols.

Abstract: Example embodiments describe an optical line terminal, OLT, configured to perform determining a fragmentation allocation for respective ONUs; and notifying, the respective ONUs, of the fragmentation allocation. Other example embodiments relate to an optical network unit, ONU, configured to perform receiving, from the OLT, fragmentation allocation for fragmenting one or more packets; processing the packets in accordance with the fragmentation allocation to obtain fragmented and unfragmented packets; and forwarding, to the OLT, the fragmented and unfragmented packets in accordance with the dynamic upstream allocation map.

Abstract: A demultiplexer-free wavelength division multiplexing receiver based on cascaded-bandgap waveguide photodiodes, includes a substrate; and a plurality of different absorbing material sections forming a plurality of independent photodetector sections, each with a different thickness and a different bandgap. The plurality of photodetector sections may be fabricated at the same time on the same substrate, whereby different widths between each pair of mask stripes results in a different thickness of each photodetector section and a different bandgap of each photodetector section. The photodetector sections are then optically connected together into concatenated photodetector sections forming a single elongated optical waveguide.

Abstract: An end-to-end telemetry system for a Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) communication network having multiple end-servers. The system includes an RDMA tracer for each end-server, one or more programmable data planes, and a telemetry collector. Each RDMA tracer extracts host-level telemetry information for one or more RDMA sessions associated with the corresponding end-server. Each programmable data plane extracts network-level telemetry information for one or more RDMA sessions associated with the programmable data plane. The telemetry collector (i) receives the host-level telemetry information from the RDMA tracers and the network-level telemetry information from the one or more programmable data planes and (ii) generates telemetry reports based on the host-level and network-level telemetry information. In some implementations, the system enables real-time monitoring of RDMA traffic at the RDMA protocol level granularity across all RDMA-enabled workloads for different use cases.

Abstract: An optical line terminal (OLT) is configured to communicate with optical network units (ONUs) in a passive optical network. The downstream transmission from the OLT to the ONUs are organized in frames including segments, wherein a respective segment is modulated according to at least a first or second modulation format. The OLT is configured to: send, to an ONU, a request to estimate a channel quality based on at least one reference segment modulated according to the second modulation format, the ONU operating according to the first modulation format; receive, from the ONU, a response including an indication of the estimated channel quality; and decide to switch the segments in the downstream transmission assigned to the at least one ONU to the second modulation format based on the response.

Abstract: Method including: receiving, on a feeder link, a signal including feeder link slots having a feeder link bandwidth; mapping each of the feeder link slots onto a respective slot-subband in a respective service link slot according to a rule; transmitting, on plural service links, service signals, wherein each of the service signals includes service link slots each including m of the slot-subbands having a same bandwidth; the m slot-subbands do not overlap, are continuous with each other, and cover an entire service link bandwidth of the respective service link slot; wherein the feeder link slots have a feeder link slot duration; the service link slots have a service link slot duration longer than the feeder link slot duration; each of the feeder link slots including respective symbols; each of the slot-subbands includes the symbols of the feeder link slot mapped onto the respective slot-subband.

Abstract: A controller includes a transceiver to establish a first session with a route reflector and monitor advertisements received by the route reflector from nodes in a network via second sessions established between the nodes and the route reflector. The controller also includes a processor to generate forwarding instructions for the nodes based on the advertisements. The forwarding instructions indicate one or more routes from a root node to one or more leaf nodes of a service. The transceiver provides the forwarding instructions to the root node. In some cases, the first session is established according to the border gateway protocol (BGP) and the one or more second sessions are established according to the BGP. The controller determines that the one or more leaf nodes are registered for one or more virtual private network (VPN) services based on the advertisements.

Abstract: A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) in which some optical waveguides have laterally tilted waveguide cores used to implement passive polarization-handling circuit elements, e.g., suitable for processing polarization-division-multiplexed optical communication signals. Different sections of such waveguide cores may have continuously varying or fixed lateral tilt angles. Different polarization-handling circuit elements can be realized, e.g., using different combinations of end-connected untilted and laterally tilted waveguide-core sections. In some embodiments, laterally tilted waveguide cores may incorporate multiple-quantum-well structures and be used to implement active circuit elements. At least some embodiments beneficially lend themselves to highly reproducible fabrication processes, which can advantageously be used to achieve a relatively high yield of the corresponding PICs during manufacture.

Abstract: A method for restoring a network slice includes receiving a request to restore the network slice to a previous configuration, the previous configuration and a current configuration of the network slice being stored in a datastore, generating sets of subtrees from device-specific data in the current configuration and the previous configuration to be added, removed, or replaced in the current configuration, and restoring the network slice to the previous configuration based on the sets of subtrees.

Abstract: Inter-radio access technology (inter-RAT) load balancing under multi-carrier dynamic spectrum sharing (SS) context is provided. One method may include splitting shared radio-frequency resources into orthogonal resource pool shares. The method may include receiving a load metric for each of a plurality of radio access technologies. The method may include assigning, based on the load metric, one of the resource pool shares to each of the plurality of radio access technologies. In addition, the method may include dynamically adjusting a proportion of the assigned resource pool shares based on the load metric of each of the plurality of radio access technologies at corresponding carriers. The method may include assigning a primary carrier to a user equipment based on the load metric, the resource pool share, a coverage of the carriers' physical channels, and a type of multi-carrier operation for each of the plurality of radio access technologies.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating and/or predicting mobility metric(s) for RAN optimization. One method includes receiving a request, from at least one RAN optimization service, to provide an estimate or prediction of a mobility metric for at least one UE or group of UEs or at least one cell. The request may include attributes describing characteristics of the mobility metric. The method may then include communicating with a RAN node to request data about the at least one UE or the group of UEs or the at least one cell associated with the request, receiving the requested data, and calculating the estimate or the prediction of the mobility metric using the requested data and based on the attributes received in the request from the at least one RAN optimization service.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting scalability of label switched paths (LSPs) in a label switching network are presented herein. Various example embodiments for supporting scalability of LSPs in a label switching network may be configured to support scalability of LSPs in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network. Various example embodiments for supporting scalability of LSPs in an MPLS network may be configured to support scalability of LSPs of various FEC types. Various example embodiments for supporting scalability of LSPs in an MPLS network may be configured to support scalability of Prefix FEC based LSPs spanning across multiple routing domains. Various example embodiments for supporting scalability of LSPs in an MPLS network may be configured to support scalability of LSPs for various FEC types that enable aggregation of ranges of FECs by aggregate FECs.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for testing wireless connections is provided. The method comprises obtaining (500) a three-dimensional model of a given environment; obtaining (502) ray tracing calculations describing propagation of radio frequency signals in the given environment; locating (504) one or more devices in the given environment; determining (506) utilising ray tracing calculations the radio frequency signal properties of one or more devices communicating with the device under test; transmitting (508) control information to the radio frequency controller unit for updating the connections between one or more devices and a set) of antenna elements to match with the determined properties; obtaining (510) information on the location and propagation environment of the one or more devices and updating (512) the radio frequency signal properties of the one or more devices if the location or propagation environment changes.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a transmitter, method, apparatus and computer readable storage medium for quantized precoding in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In example embodiments, a transmitter determines a normalized factor for precoding of a plurality of signals intended for a plurality of receivers. The first device precodes the plurality of intended signals using the normalized factor by iteratively performing acts. The acts include determining, by using the normalized factor, a descending direction of a difference between the plurality of intended signals and corresponding signals received at the plurality of receivers, a descending rate of the difference being above a threshold rate in the descending direction, and determining a plurality of precoded signals based on the descending direction. Then, the first device quantizes the plurality of precoded signals for transmission by the transmitter to the plurality of receivers.

Abstract: A solution for reliable communication in an apparatus of a communication system is provided. The solution comprises receiving (302) from a network element data packets to be transmitted to a user terminal; maintaining (304) one or more transmit buffers for transmitting data packets to the user terminal; transmitting (306) data packets to a user terminal; receiving (308) information from the user terminal regarding whether one or more data packets are successfully or not successfully received; transmitting (310) on the basis of received information acknowledgement information to another network element of the communication system; receiving (312) a notification that one or more packets have been successfully transmitted to the user terminal from a second corresponding apparatus; and, if the one or more transmit buffers comprise the successfully transmitted packets, removing (314) the packets from the buffers.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage mediums provide virtual network slicing without duplicating network configuration data (also referred to as network configuration information) on a slice-by-slice basis by maintaining a single physical network datastore including network configuration information for all network entities in the physical network, but generating slice views for respective virtual network slices as needed over time. Methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage mediums also enable configuration of a plurality of virtual network slices sharing a physical network infrastructure.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present disclosure Ethernet communication over IP transport is enabled. The following is performed: Ethernet communication for transmitting and receiving Ethernet frames; IP communication for transmitting and receiving IP data packets over a cellular network; transforming Ethernet frames to IP data packets and vice versa for enabling Ethernet communication over IP transport; and maintaining a header transformation table between Ethernet and IP traffic flows. The transforming comprises using the header transformation table and performing header transformation by removing Ethernet headers from received Ethernet frames and including Ethernet payload in IP data packets, and by reconstructing Ethernet headers for received IP data packets for transmission of payload from the IP data packets in Ethernet frames, wherein the transforming comprises using IPv6 headers of IP data packets to carry dynamic information from the removed Ethernet headers.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices and apparatuses for optical communication, and a computer readable medium. An embodiment of the method comprises determining, at an optical line terminal, a channel characteristic of a channel from an optical network unit to the optical line terminal; determining, based on the channel characteristic, a preamble property for a transmission from the optical network unit to the optical line terminal, the preamble property at least partially compensating for transmission distortion caused by the channel characteristic; transmitting preamble information to the optical network unit, the preamble information being for generating a preamble having the preamble property; and receiving the preamble having the preamble property from the optical network unit. In this way, a training speed of an equalizer of the optical line terminal can be improved, and preamble overhead can be reduced.