Abstract: This specification describes a method comprising generating a message for communication over a local area network connection between a radio access node and a user equipment relay, the message including: an identifier for indicating that the message includes control information for eliciting a responsive operation by a receiving one of the radio access node and the user equipment relay, and the control information, the method further comprising causing transmission of the generated message over the local area network connection from a transmitting one of the radio access node and the user equipment relay to the receiving one of the radio access node and the user equipment relay.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for identifying optimal beamforming directions from a UE by using a beamspace image. One method may include detecting radio frequency energy in a beamspace of one or more lenses; digitizing, with parallel processing of a two-dimensional array, the detected radio frequency energy in the beamspace of the one or more lenses; and generating one or more images based upon the digitized radio frequency energy in the beamspace of the one or more lenses.

Abstract: An apparatus including: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: select reference neighbouring cells among a plurality of neighbouring cells of a serving cell, wherein the reference neighboring cells have a same numerology and synchronization signal block burst patterns overlapping in time and with a same periodicity; determine a measurement gap configuration allowing at least one terminal served by the serving cell to measure at least one synchronisation signal block from at least one of the reference neighbouring cells; and provide, to the at least one terminal, the measurement gap configuration.

Abstract: A system for routing a service request in a network includes at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the system to receive a service request at a first service communication proxy (SCP), receive quality of service (QOS) requirements of the service request, and process, at the first SCP, the service request to determine a virtual path to route the service request from a first network function to a second network function within the network. The service request is received from the first network function and the first network function is associated with a data center of the first SCP. The virtual path is determined based on QoS parameters of the network and the QoS requirement of the service request.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a machine learning (ML)-based receiver that is invariant to the number of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) layers it processes. The ML-based receiver is configured, for each MIMO layer, to obtain a set of intermediate estimates by performing an equalization operation based on channel information and an array of symbols received over the MIMO layers, and to obtain a set of final estimates for the array of symbols by using a layer-associated block of a ML model. Each layer-associated block of the ML model is configured to receive the set of intermediate estimates as input data and output the set of final estimates. The layer-associated blocks are configured operate in parallel and exchange weights between each other during a training phase. In some embodiments, the layer-associated blocks may be further configured to exchange the input data between each other during the training and inference phases.

Abstract: A system for configuring network access in a control and user plane separation architecture includes at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the system to send, by a session management function (SMF) to a first user plane function (UPF), a first packet forwarding control protocol (PFCP) message including an indication of a first tunnel internet protocol (IP) address and a designated state for the first UPF and send, by the SMF to a second UPF, a second PFCP message including the indication of the first tunnel IP address and a designated state for the second UPF, the designated state for the second UPF being standby and the designated state for the first UPF being active.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a router comprises at least one processor; memory storing at least one of a secured anti-theft password or a configuration file; and a computer-readable medium, storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the router to determine whether a first input password matches the secured anti-theft password, and control at least one of accessing or modifying of the configuration file and configuration of the router based on whether the first input password matches the secured anti-theft password.

Abstract: A network entity of a communication network receives a first message from a user equipment, the first message including at least first information regarding a domain name server query. In accordance with a first handling rule, the first message is processed by including second information regarding a subnet option into the first message, and the processed first message is forwarded to a domain name server. The network entity receives a second message from the domain name server, the second message including a response to the domain name server query and the second information. In accordance with a second handling rule, the second message is processed by replacing the second information, and the processed second message is forwarded to the user equipment.

Abstract: A method for automatically creating an equipment inventory from a plurality of images of a site. The method includes receiving, by a processor, the plurality of images of the site, labeling, by the processor, equipment present in each image of the plurality of images of the site, creating, by the processor, an overlap curve for neighboring images of the plurality of images of the site, determining, by the processor, a useful image of each side of the site based on the overlap curve, the useful image including a subset of the plurality of images, creating, by the processor, an overlay of equipment in the useful image of each side of the site, counting, by the processor, equipment present in the overlay of each side of the site, and generating, by the processor, the equipment inventory by adding a number of equipment counted in the overlay of each side of the site.

Abstract: A base station selects, in response to a location request for a UE, RIS(s) to use for positioning purposes for the UE. The base station performs a process with the selected RISs to determine information used to configure the UE with RS configuration for using the selected RIS(s) for the positioning purposes. The base station sends the RS configuration to the UE. An RIS receives signals including RSs to be used for positioning purposes for a UE. The RIS time stamps the signals with the RSs and reflects signals including the RSs and corresponding time stamps. A UE receives a reference signal configuration for using RIS(s), receives RSs based on the configuration, and receives signals comprising RSs that have been reflected from the RIS(s). The UE performs timing estimates based on the received signals and sends indication of the timing estimates toward the base station.

Abstract: A technique, comprising: creating at a management plane of a communication network a register of services and/or a register of producers of services in the communication network; and based on at least one of the registers, providing to a consumer information about one or more producers providing services associated with one or more service attributes indicated by the consumer and/or information about one or more services associated with one or more service attributes indicated by the consumer.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a lithium niobate (LN) layer, and a planar electro-optical modulator having at least one hybrid optical core segment formed of a portion of the LN layer and an optical guiding rib. The optical guiding rib may be located in a top silicon layer of a silicon photonics (SiP) chip, to which a thin-film LN chip is flip-chip mounted, and may be coupled to optical waveguide cores in a first silicon core layer of the SiP chip. One or more drive electrodes are disposed between a substrate of the SiP chip and the LN layer. In some embodiments hybrid optical core segments may include silicon nitride core segments and may form an MZM configured to be differentially or dual-differentially driven.

Abstract: Control of fiber sensing is provided for optical fiber networks. A Bidirectional Sensing Control Devices (BSCD) is placed at each of one or more selected locations in the network. The BSCD uses a directionally selective optical coupling element to separate the two propagation directions of a bidirectional fiber, so that on the side of the coupling element distal to the bidirectional fiber, one unidirectional fiber will carry transmissions inbound to the coupling element, and another unidirectional fiber will carry transmissions outbound from the coupling element. Sensing control can then be effectuated on one or both of the unidirectional fibers without interrupting communication in either propagation transmission direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising receiving, from a user equipment, information indicating at least: one or more channel characteristics of one or more received positioning reference signals of a set of frequency hops, and one or more identifiers of one or more missed positioning reference signals of the set of frequency hops; and compensating for the one or more missed positioning reference signals of the set of frequency hops based at least partly on the information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices and computer readable mediums for a unified nonlinear precoding procedure. The method comprises generating sequences of OFDM symbols on subcarriers on a downlink channel from the network device to a terminal device; determining a processing matrix of the downlink channel at least partially based on characteristics of the downlink channel; obtaining reference values of parameters of a signal generation model; and iteratively performing the following for a number of times: adjusting, based on the sequences of OFDM symbols and the processing matrix, the reference values of the parameters of the signal generation model, the parameters being signals for transmitting via transmitting ports of the network device on the downlink channel to the terminal device; and updating the reference values of the parameters of the signal generation model by clipping the adjusted values of the parameters of the signal generation model.

Abstract: When sensing is performed in a radio access network, clutter may be removed from echo signals using clutter contributing signals, that may be determined based on clutter calibration matrices and one-dimensional echo signals obtained by transforming multi-dimensional representations of echo signals at least partly into the one-dimensional echo signals. When generating, for example, clutter calibration matrices, sensing results may be transformed into one dimensional vectors, that are arranged to two-dimensional matrices. Vectors associated with clutter components in two-dimensional matrices may be used to obtain the clutter calibration matrices.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for energy efficient homing and placement of cloudified network functions. A method may include defining features of a policy in an open-cloud domain. The method may also include defining a policy and a policy criteria associated with the features of the policy. The method may further include mapping the policy to at least one operating mode of an open-cloud resource. In addition, the method may include classifying the open-cloud resources in a cluster template. Further, the method may include transmitting the features, the policy, the policy criteria, and the mapping of the policy to a service management and orchestrator or an open-cloud.

Abstract: A network node may transmit a configuration message to at least one network device of a plurality of network devices, the configuration message including updated configuration information for the at least one network device, determine whether to update a network inventory system based on a response to the configuration message, and update a record included in the network inventory system associated with the at least one network device based on results of the determination, the updating including updating the record with the updated configuration information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method, device and computer readable medium for terminal devices influenced network slice selection. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a new terminal device influenced network slice selection is proposed. The NRF updates the application profile for the terminal device based on the change of the applications on the terminal device. The NRF may notify the PCF about the application profile and the PCF generates the route policy for the application on the terminal device. In this way, problems regarding the affected terminal devices of application influenced network slice selection are solved.

Abstract: A screw assembly, including: a removable shoulder screw including: a first screw shaft portion; a second screw shaft portion; a first threaded portion; and a first shaft edge between the first screw shaft portion and the second screw shaft portion, wherein the second screw shaft portion is between the first screw shaft portion and the first threaded portion, and wherein a diameter of the second screw shaft portion is smaller than the diameter of the first screw shaft portion; and a first removable shoulder including a first removable shoulder opening and a first removable shoulder edge, wherein the first removable shoulder opening has a diameter less than the diameter of the first screw shaft portion and is configured to engage the second screw shaft portion, and wherein the first removable shoulder edge is configured to engage the first shaft edge.