Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising, receiving a plurality of sets of radio resource configurations for communicating data via a first logical channel, determining a configuration of duplication and activating, based on a criterion associated with the configuration of duplication, one set of radio resource configurations from the plurality of sets of radio resource configurations for communication of said data via the first logical channel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method includes obtaining a plurality of sensor data items, each specifying a set of values determined from at least one sensor; and training, based on the plurality of sensor data items, a machine learning model including a data adaptation part configured for determining a modified sensor data item based on an input sensor data item, an encoder configured for determining encoded features based on the modified sensor data item, a decoder configured for determining a decoded sensor data item based on the encoded features, representing an estimation of the input sensor data item, and a classifier configured for determining a class associated with the input sensor data item. The training the machine learning model includes updating parameters of the data adaptation part based on the input sensor data item and the corresponding decoded sensor data item, while maintaining the encoder, the decoder and the classifier frozen.

Abstract: Fallback aspects associated with the power ramping procedure are addressed. More specifically, a set of control mechanisms allows for a gNB to adjust thresholds for controlling the UE transfer from a 2-step RACH procedure to a 4-step RACH procedure while still maintaining a proper setting for transmit power during this transition. The mechanism will allow for a UE to have a smooth transition to the 4-step procedure instead of having to start the power ramping from scratch when transferring to the fall-back routine.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data from a user equipment (UE) in a radio resource control (RRC) inactive state to a network node is described. The example method includes detecting presence of data for transmitting to the network node and determining whether the user equipment (UE) allows a mode of operation using pre-allocated resources in the RRC inactive state for user data transmission. The example method further includes transmitting the data from the user equipment (UE) to the network node in response to determining that the user equipment (UE) allows the mode of operations using pre-allocated resources in the inactive radio resource control (RRC) state for user data transmission.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for random access procedures, for example when operating in unlicensed band, are provided. One method may include starting a retransmission timer when LBT failure is detected at a UE for one or more initial msg3 transmission opportunities. The method may also include determining whether a retransmission grant is received before expiry of the retransmission timer.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the invention provide at least a method and apparatus to perform at least determining, by a user equipment of a communication network, information comprising a plurality of frequency ranges of a transmission; receiving, by the user equipment, the plurality of frequency ranges of the transmission distributed over different time slots monitored by the user equipment; and combining, by the user equipment, the received plurality of frequency ranges to derive content of the transmission. Further, to perform at least determining, by a network device of a communication network, information comprising a plurality of frequency ranges of a transmission; and sending, by the network device, to user equipment of the communication network the plurality of frequency ranges of the transmission distributed over different time slots monitored by the user equipment for causing combining at the user equipment to derive content of the transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising at least one processor, and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause a terminal device at least to: transmit a random access information to a network device, wherein the random access information characterizes a type of at least one random access procedure performed by the terminal device and comprises a reference signal power information related to a serving cell associated with the random access procedure and/or a timing advance of a random access response.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for timing advance (TA) validation and/or adjustment, for example in 5G NR, are provided. One method may include configuring, by a network node, at least one user equipment for at least one preconfigured uplink resource (PUR), and, before moving to idle or inactive mode, configuring the at least one user equipment to measure time of arrival (TOA) on a plurality of beams from a plurality of network nodes and to determine reference signal time difference (RSTD) values (600). The method may also include receiving data from the at least one user equipment using the at least one preconfigured uplink resource (PUR) (630).

Abstract: In some example embodiment, there may be provided an apparatus configured to at least: receive information including survival time and/or traffic pattern information indicative of deterministic traffic; determine, based on the received information, a packet handling type indicative of whether the deterministic traffic is to be carried in a selective packet duplication mode or an alternative packet transmission mode over at least two links; and perform, based on at least on the survival time, the indicated packet handling type to enable the deterministic traffic to be carried over the at least two links in the selective packet duplication mode or the alternative packet transmission mode.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means configured to: generate spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters for a block of time-frequencies; generate encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters (108) for a block of time-frequencies based on a first quantization resolution (203); compare a number of bits used for the encoded spatial audio signal directional parameters (108) for the block of time-frequencies based on the first quantization resolution against a determined number of bits; output or store the encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters for a block of time-frequencies (108) based on a first quantization resolution when the number of bits used for the encoded spatial audio signal directional parameters for the block of time-frequencies (108) based on the first quantization resolution is less than a determined number of bits (217); generate encoded spatial audio signal directional metadata parameters (108) for the block of time-frequencies based on a second quantizati

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program product for receiving spatial audio information comprising at least one characteristic parameter, providing, on a user interface, a control element for controlling the at least one characteristic parameter in dependence upon a position of the control element on the user interface, providing on the user interface a first path of the control element and a second path of the control element and modifying the first path of the control element and the second path of the control element according to predefined criteria in response to receiving a user input to change the position of the control element from a first position to a second position on the user interface.

Abstract: An apparatus for use by a communication network control element or function configured to conduct a communication control for a communication with at least one communication element or function in a communication network, the apparatus comprising at least one processing circuitry, and at least one memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processing circuitry, wherein the at least one memory and the instructions are configured to, with the at least one processing circuitry, cause the apparatus at least: to calculate a reception time window in a random access procedure for a communication element or function in at least one communication area controlled by the communication network control element or function, to provide setting information related to a random access procedure to a communication element or function in the at least one communication area, the setting information including an indication of the calculated reception time window and an indication related to a determination of a receivin

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and non-transitory program storage device for handling of a resumption in connection is described. The method includes determining whether a periodic radio access network based notification area update timer has expired; when the periodic radio access network based notification area update timer has been determined to have expired: setting a variable to a first setting; the variable comprising a pendingPeriodicRNAUpdate variable; and determining whether an upper layer has requested resumption of a radio resource control connection, and either: initiating a radio resource control connection resume procedure with a cause value set based on information received from the upper layers, or initiating a radio resource control connection resume procedure with a cause value set to rna-Update.

Abstract: In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform at least receiving from a communication network, by a user equipment, a measurement configuration; determining to adapt the measurement configuration, wherein the adapted measurement configuration identifies mobility measurements for use by the user equipment based on at least one condition; and performing the adapted measurement configuration instead of the measurement configuration received from the communication network.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus, said apparatus comprising means for providing first control information using a first control channel and at least second control information using a second control channel, wherein the first control information comprises at least an indication of resource reservation for an associated data channel and the second control information comprises at least transmission format information for the associated data channel, wherein the associated data channel comprises periodic or aperiodic data traffic.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for detecting a transmission opportunity. According to an aspect, a method comprises as performed by an apparatus of a first wireless network: detecting a first transmission from a first apparatus of a second wireless network different from the first wireless network; transmitting, to a second apparatus of the first wireless network, a transmission mode request, wherein the transmission mode request indicates a request to transmit from the apparatus to the second apparatus at least during an interframe space of a transmission opportunity between the first apparatus and another apparatus of the second wireless network, receiving a transmission mode response from the second apparatus, wherein the transmission mode response indicates acceptance of the request; in response to detecting a second transmission from the first apparatus, transmitting a data frame during an interframe space following the second transmission.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising means for receiving, by a network function configured to provide centralized user consent authorization in a cellular communication system, a user consent authorization request from a logical network entity, wherein the user consent authorization request comprises an identity of at least one user equipment whose user consent is requested by the logical network entity, the logical network entity being a network function service consumer or an application function, means for retrieving user consent information concerning the at least one user equipment whose user consent is requested by the logical network entity, wherein said user consent information indicates individually whether the logical network entity is authorized to access data related to each of the at least one user equipment, means for determining, based on said user consent information, whether the logical network entity is authorized to access data r

Abstract: There are disclosed a method and an apparatus for video encoding. A method can include projecting a 3D representation of at least one object onto at least one 2D patch (400); generating a geometry image, a texture image, an occupancy map and auxiliary patch information from the 2D patch, wherein the auxiliary patch information comprises metadata relating to properties of the patch and one or more indicators for configuring reconstruction of the 3D representation of the at least one object (402); and encoding the geometry image, the texture image, the occupancy map and the auxiliary patch information in or along a bitstream (404).

Abstract: An apparatus may be configured to: obtain media content, wherein the media content comprises at least one audio content; obtain priority content information, the priority content information comprising a priority identification identifying and classifying the at least one audio content; determine to at least partially reduce rendering of the at least one audio content based, at least partially, on a quota associated with the priority identification of the at least one audio content; and render the at least one audio content based, at least partially, on the priority content information and the determining.

Abstract: According to a first embodiment, a method may include initiating, by a user equipment, a first countdown timer associated with a first initial value and a first timer-interval, and a second countdown timer associated with a second initial value and a second timer-interval. The method may further include determining, by the user equipment, whether at least one first indication is detected during the first timer-interval. The method may further include adjusting, by the user equipment, at least one of the first countdown timer or the second countdown timer based on the determining.