Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to codec bitrate adaptation. A terminal device negotiates, with a second terminal device, a first codec bitrate supported by the first terminal device for voice communicating with the second terminal device. The terminal device receives, from the second terminal device, a second codec bitrate supported by the second terminal device for voice communicating with the first terminal device. Based on the second codec bitrate, the terminal device determines a third codec bitrate supported by the first terminal device for voice communicating with the second terminal device, the third codec bitrate being less than or equal to the second codec bitrate. In this way, the unnecessary access network bitrate recommendation (ANBR) procedure may be avoided, thereby reducing the latency of codec adaptation as well as the voice packet loss in the case of bitrate increase considering the pathloss change trend in NTN system.

Abstract: Mechanism on disruptive signal discovery is provided. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, if a first device determines that an anomaly behavior occurs at a second device, the first device transmits a measurement configuration to a set of third devices. The measurement configuration is used for detecting a source of the anomaly behavior. The set of third devices measure a disruptive signal based on the measurement configuration and transmit information relating to the second device to the first device. In this way, the source of the anomaly behavior can be detected and localized. Moreover, the integrity of the positioning session can be preserved.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for paging. An example method may include selecting, by a user equipment, a random access resource from a second group of random access resources, and performing a random access procedure on the selected random access resource, wherein the second group of random access resources may be different from a first group of random access resources, and the first group of random access resources may be associated with an event triggering the random access procedure and/or a type of the user equipment. Related apparatuses and computer readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: Certain examples of the present disclosure provide a User Equipment, UE, 110 configured to: receive an identifier 202, wherein the identifier is configured to signal control information and/or configuration information respectively for triggering performance of an action and/or configuring the UE 110; determine 203, based at least in part on the received identifier, the control information and/or the configuration information; and perform 204 the action and/or configure the UE 110 in accordance with the determined control and/or the determined configuration information.

Abstract: Mechanism on configured grant transmissions is provided. If a small data transmission is needed, a first device determines whether a timing advance is valid in a subsequent CG occasion for the small data transmission. The first device also determines whether an evaluation of a validity condition is applicable in the subsequent CG occasion for the small data transmission. If the timing advance is valid and the evaluation is applicable, the first device performs the small data transmission in the subsequent CG occasion. In this way, the first device is able to perform the evaluation of the validity condition in advance, thereby reducing delays and avoiding failures.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of enabling a successful Mobility Robustness Optimization analysis for primary secondary cell (PSCell) changes. The method comprises transmitting, from a terminal device to a master node of the terminal device, information related to a node initiating a successful PSCell change for the terminal device, wherein the information is indicative of at least one of the following: whether the node initiating the successful PSCell change is either a master node or a secondary node for the apparatus; a cell identifier of the node initiating the successful PSCell change.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for feedback per code block group (CBG). A method may include receiving from a network element, at least one transport block including at least one coding block group. The method may also include determining which of the at least one transport block and the at least one coding block group was correctly or incorrectly received. The method may further include transmitting, based on the determination, a first report which identifies transport blocks of the at least one transport block that was correctly received and incorrectly received. In addition, the method may include, upon determining that at least one of the transport blocks was received incorrectly, transmitting a second report identifying coding block groups of the at least one coding block group that was incorrectly received from the transport blocks that were incorrectly received.

Abstract: A method may include configuring a first network element and a user plane function to expose port information of a first network element and a user plane function to a backhaul network. Associated identifiers of the first network element and the user plane function may be received from a second network element. Second stream requirements may be determined in 5GS for the streams transmitted through 5GS. First stream requirements may be derived for a stream to be transmitted between a talker and a listener, and talker and listener identifiers which are the identifiers of the first network element or the user plane function for the backhaul centralized network configurator. Configurations are received of the first network element and the user plane function. Additionally, a protocol data unit session modification procedure may be triggered for the stream.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising triggering, in response to activating a secondary cell group, if one or more pre-defined conditions are fulfilled, a beam failure recovery procedure for at least one cell of the secondary cell group.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to lower layer triggered mobility. In an aspect, a terminal device receives a radio resource control signaling including a transmission configuration indicator from a first network device. The transmission configuration indicator state is configured for beam-only-switching. The terminal device performs beam-only switching based on the transmission configuration indicator state and a first switching command, then configuration switching based on the first switching command or a second switching command. As such, a solution for enhanced lower layer triggered mobility is provided, thereby reducing the interruption time.

Abstract: There is provided a method, apparatus, and computer program for causing a centralized unit of a radio access network to perform: signalling, to a distributed unit of the radio access network, a layer 1 measurement reporting configuration to be executed by a user equipment as part of a lower layer mobility procedure and at least one activation condition for autonomous execution of the layer 1 reporting configuration.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for reporting a behavior of a target apparatus associated with a geographical area. An example method may include receiving a first request to report a behavior of a target apparatus associated with a geographical area, determining whether a granularity of the geographical area is finer than a cell level granularity according to at least one of the geographical area and a region of interest associated with the geographical area, transmitting a second request to a first entity for performing a location service having a location granularity finer than the cell level granularity in a case where the granularity of the geographical area is finer than the cell level granularity, receiving a notification from the first entity on the behavior of the target apparatus associated with the geographical area, and reporting the behavior of the target apparatus associated with the geographical area based on the notification. The Related apparatuses and computer readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus configured to transmit, to a network, a first sounding reference signal, obtain, from the first sounding reference signal and based on a peak-to-average power ratio, PAPR, adjustment signal received in the apparatus from the network, a second sounding reference signal with lower PAPR than the first sounding reference signal, and transmit, to the network, the second sounding reference signal.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to an apparatus, method and computer program for radio link monitoring, for example performed in relation to a user equipment to user equipment (UE to UE) sidelink relay arrangement. The method may comprise, for example, generating a data block comprising data for transmission over an egress link to a destination device, the data being received from one or more of a plurality of input devices over respective ingress links or being provided by the apparatus. The method may also comprise transmitting the data block to the destination device and selecting one or more end-to-end links between a said input device and the destination device, or the apparatus and the destination device, based on one or more properties of the generated data block.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device receives a configuration of a paging indication from a second device. The configuration indicates how to monitor the paging indication and mapping between the paging indication and a set of paging occasions. The first device monitors a paging message in a paging occasion associated with the first device. In this way, it can reduce latency and save power at the first device. Further, it also saves signaling for paging.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for reporting of feasibility of activated transmission configuration indicator/transmission coordination indication (TCI) states. For example, a user equipment (UE) may determine whether one or more measurements satisfy one or more thresholds for one or more TCI states, and may transmit an indication of whether the one or more measurements satisfy the one or more thresholds. The UE may then deactivate at least one of the one or more activated TCI states, or may activate one or more additional TCI states, based on the indication, and may use one or more of the activated TCI states for a downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) transmission.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer-readable storage medium for symbol puncturing in segment processing. In some example embodiments, a first determines a puncturing pattern for one or more segments for performing puncturing, the puncturing pattern indicating at least one segment of the one or more segments to be punctured. The first device further performs puncturing on the one or more segments based on the puncturing pattern and transmits the one or more segments to the second device.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for: obtaining a bitstream comprising encoded spatial metadata and encoded transport audio signals; decoding transport audio signals from the bitstream encoded transport audio signals; decoding spatial metadata from the bitstream encoded spatial metadata; generating an encoding metric; and generating spatial audio signals from the transport audio signals based on the encoding metric and the spatial metadata.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for reservation of sidelink (SL) positioning reference signal (PRS) resources for user equipment (UEs). A method may include determining to reserve, for a user equipment, at least one resource for a sidelink positioning transmission from the user equipment. The method may also include transmitting sidelink control information, to the user equipment, including information of the at least one resource reservation for the user equipment. The method may further include receiving a feedback message, from the user equipment, indicating whether the at least one resource reservation is accepted or rejected.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide solutions for enhanced channel state information (CSI) activation/deactivation operation. In an example method, a terminal device receives a MAC CE comprising at least one field for a CSI report configuration, wherein the CSI report configuration comprises a plurality of sub-configurations. The terminal device further determines activation or deactivation of at least one of the plurality of sub-configurations at least based on the at least one field in the MAC CE. In this way, the operation of activating/deactivating CSI reporting for one or more sub-configurations is enabled when multiple sub-configurations are included or associated with a same CSI reporting configuration.