Abstract: Various example embodiments provide a system for transmission of low power signals based on using transmission time as one coding parameter. A code table may be used at a transmitter and receiver to map different data to different transmission times and/or other parameters. Advantageously, large amount of information may be transmitted with short and power efficient signals, for example to report status of a sensor every now and then. A receiver may use the same code table to decode the signals. Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for Uplink Control Information (UCI) design. The method comprises determining, at a terminal device, a matrix comprising a set of non-zero linear combination coefficients for quantizing a channel between the terminal device and a network device, the matrix having spatial components and frequency components; shifting the frequency components of the matrix circularly, such that a target coefficient of the set of non-zero linear combination coefficients is located in a frequency component with a predetermined index of the frequency components in a shifted matrix; generating a first indication indicating the spatial component associated with the target coefficient in the matrix; and transmitting, to the network device, uplink control information comprising the first indication. In this way, a new solution for designing the UCI may reduce the overhead for reporting the parameters in the UCI.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to provide a network controlled radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment mechanism. The method, apparatus and computer program product receive a registration request originating with user equipment in a communication network. The method, apparatus and computer program product then construct a registration accept message. The registration accept message includes an Access Stratum Connection Establishment NSSAI (Network Slice Selection assistance information) Inclusion Mode parameter. The method, apparatus and computer program product then transmit the registration accept message to the user equipment.

Abstract: A method comprising: encoding video media content into at least a first representation and a second representation, wherein the first representation comprises a switchable inter-coded picture, wherein the switchable picture has a first characteristic that no pictures preceding the switchable picture in decoding order are used as reference pictures for any non-switchable pictures following the switchable picture in decoding order; and the second representation comprises one or more decoder reset pictures aligned with the switchable pictures of the first representation, wherein the frame rate of the second representation is smaller than or equal to the frame rate of the first representation and the resolutions of the first and the second representation are equal.

Abstract: In an embodiment, there is provided an architecture for the support of user plane transactions over a mobile network between an User Equipment UE and an IP network, the mobile network comprising at least one node, referred to as control plane node, supporting control plane transactions between the UE and the mobile network over control plane bearer, the architecture includes the UE and the control plane node adapted to support user plane transactions over the mobile network between the UE and the control plane node, over control plane bearer, the control plane node adapted to support user plane transactions over the mobile network between the control plane node and the IP network without need of user plane bearer in the mobile network, the control plane node interfacing, with or without IP tunneling, with a gateway function interfacing with the IP network.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for physical sidelink transmission for sidelink inter-user equipment resource allocation. A method may include receiving at a first user equipment based on a decision of a second user equipment, a resource allocation from the second user equipment. The method may also include determining whether to transmit a sidelink control information associated to a transmission using the resource allocation over a control channel. The method may further include performing a transmission using the resource allocation.

Abstract: A method of detecting an object in an image using a convolutional neural network (CNN) includes generating, based on the image, a plurality of reference feature maps and a corresponding feature pyramid including a plurality of final feature maps; obtaining a proposed region of interest (ROI); generating at least a first context ROI having an area larger than an area of the proposed ROI; assigning the proposed ROI and the first context ROI to a first and second final feature maps having different sizes; extracting, by performing ROI pooling, a first set of features from the first final feature map using the proposed ROI and a second set of features from the second final feature map using the first context ROI; and determining, based on the first and second sets of extracted features, at least one of a location of the object and a class of the object.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for physical random access channel (PRACH) in unlicensed spectrum may be provided. For example, a configuration may be provided to a user equipment, where the configuration is related to using short control signaling exemption (SCSe) in connection with the management of uplink PRACH transmissions.

Abstract: A method comprising encoding a bitstream comprising a base layer, a first enhancement layer and a second enhancement layer; encoding an indication of both the base layer and the first enhancement layer used for prediction for the second enhancement layer in the bitstream; encoding, in the bitstream, an indication of a first set of prediction types that is applicable from the base layer to the second enhancement layer, wherein the first set of prediction types is a subset of all prediction types available for prediction between layers, and encoding, in the bitstream, an indication of a second set of prediction types that is applicable from the base layer or the first enhancement layer to the second enhancement layer, wherein the second set of prediction types is a subset of all prediction types available for prediction between layers.

Abstract: There is provided a network apparatus configured to receive a request for data to be provided to an apparatus, the request comprising at least one diversity requirement for the requested data; solicit data using the at least one diversity requirement; receive the solicited data; and provide the solicited data to the apparatus.

Abstract: A method includes generating a payload container information element comprising two or more payload entries at user equipment in a communication system, and sending the payload container information element from the user equipment to at least one network element in the communication system. Another method includes receiving a payload container information element comprising two or more payload entries at a network function in a communication system from user equipment in the communication system, and decoding the two or more payload entries of the payload container information element into two or more individual payloads at the network function.

Abstract: An apparatus including circuitry configured to: obtain at least one location and/or orientation associated with a user; obtain, based on the at least one location and/or orientation, one or more audio element, wherein the one or more audio element at least partially forms an audio scene; obtain, based on the at least one location and/or orientation, at least one auxiliary audio element, the at least one auxiliary audio element being at least one audio element or a combination of audio elements, wherein the at least one auxiliary audio element is associated with at least a part of the audio scene and is located at an outside zone of the audio scene; render the obtained audio element and/or at least one auxiliary audio element.

Abstract: According to an example aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, with the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to obtain information characterizing physical surroundings of the apparatus, transmit the information characterizing the physical surroundings to a network entity, and responsive to the transmission, receive provisioning information and associate the apparatus with the provisioning information.

Abstract: At given user equipment in a communication system, a unified subscription identifier data structure is constructed. The unified subscription identifier data structure includes a plurality of fields that specify information for a selected one of two or more subscription identifier types and selectable parameters associated with the selected subscription identifier type, and wherein the information in the unified subscription identifier data structure is useable by the given user equipment to access one or more networks associated with the communication system based on an authentication scenario corresponding to the selected subscription identifier type. For example, during different authentication scenarios, the given user equipment utilizes the unified subscription identifier data structure to provide the appropriate subscription identifier (e.g., SUPI, SUCI or IMSI) and associated parameters for the given authentication scenario.

Abstract: Method, apparatus and computer program product where a base station broadcasts a signal indicating that at least one time-frequency region, which is unused by a data transmission in a first radio access technology, is available for a transmission, allowing the base station to maintain support for and/or extending coverage of certain legacy user equipment. Such a transmission includes system information for a second radio access technology, wake-up signal, synchronization signal, and/or extension of the data transmission. Thereafter, the base station transmits such a transmission in the at least one time-frequency region that was indicated.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for determining radio frequency (RF) conditions using sensing information. A network node may construct a map of RF conditions associated with location information within its coverage area. The network node may configure a radio resource control (RRC)-connected UE to operate in an RF sensing mode. The network node may obtain a positioning of the UE from a sensing node. The network node may determine the RF conditions of the UE based on its position using the map.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising using a machine learning algorithm to select an antenna panel from a plurality of antenna panels. A first long-term reward value associated with the selected antenna panel is determined based at least partly on one or more first signals received on the selected antenna panel. A second signal is then transmitted or received via the selected antenna panel, if the first long-term reward value exceeds one or more second long-term reward values associated with at least a subset of the plurality of antenna panels.

Abstract: Aspects related to application based routing of data packets is described. In an example, a method for enabling application based routing of data packets includes retrieving, by a client device, a prioritized list of client application parameters to process data packets from a client application. The prioritized list is generated based on application support capabilities of the client device. The method includes transmitting client parameters to a network server to create at least one multi-path proxy (MPP) instance. Each of the at least one MPP instance is configured to aggregate and route data packets to a pre-defined core network link. The method further includes receiving identification information pertaining to the at least one MPP instance from the network server. Based on the identification information, the prioritized list is assigned to the at least one multi-path proxy instance to process data packets from at least one client application.

Abstract: It is provided a method, comprising identifying a value of an onsite channel characteristic of a receive channel; requesting a neural network parameter, wherein the request comprises an indication of the onsite channel characteristic; monitoring if the neural network parameter is received in response to the request; estimating the receive channel by a neural network using the neural network parameter if the neural network parameter is received.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transmitting positioning measurement report are provided. The method includes a step of receiving a location information request from a serving base station or from a location server, a step of determining timing for transmitting a positioning measurement report, a step of generating a report assisted message based on the determined timing for transmitting the positioning measurement report, and a step of transmitting the report assisted message to the serving base station. The key idea of this disclosure is requesting UL resources for positioning measurement report in advance by transmitting a report assisted message. Consequently, the UE can transmit the positioning measurement report just after the measurement data being generated. The disclosure can minimize the delay from positioning measurement data generation to the positioning measurement report.