Abstract: A multistatic backscatter system may comprise unsynchronized devices. The unsynchronized device may comprise two or more spatially separated transmitter devices to transmit carrier signals, a transmitter device being configured to transmit carrier signals over a frequency set of two or more different frequencies; at least one backscatter device configured to frequency-shift the carrier signals, modulate data on at least some of the carrier signals, and backscatter modulated frequency-shifted carrier signals as backscatter signals, and at least one receiver device configured to receive the carrier signals and the backscatter signals, to process them to obtain the data and determine ranging information for the backscatter device.

Abstract: An AEC system can implement different updating techniques for echo cancellation. A Block Maximum Likelihood updating technique updates filter coefficients typically at integer multiples of a block size. A Proportional-Incremental Maximum Likelihood updating technique applies proportional weighting to the updates of filter coefficients. A Multi-source Incremental Maximum Likelihood updating technique uses separate control parameters associated with each of multiple loudspeakers. Combinations of these may be used, and one or more of these can be selected and implemented in real-time.

Abstract: Method, apparatuses, and computer program products provide for configuration of failsafe behavior for autonomous navigation. In particular, an active failsafe home is repeatedly established from a plurality of failsafe homes, and an autonomous vehicle is configured to travel to the active failsafe home when a communication fault occurs. An example method includes determining a location of the autonomous vehicle and determining whether a particular failsafe home of a plurality of failsafe homes associated with the autonomous vehicle satisfies a pre-determined visibility condition with respect to the location of the autonomous vehicle and one or more constraint areas. The method further includes, in accordance with a determination that the particular failsafe home satisfies the pre-determined visibility condition, establishing the particular failsafe home as an active failsafe home for the autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for a sidelink, SL, communication comprising means for transmitting a transport block, TB, via the SL communication, means for receiving a feedback in response to the transmitted TB, means for storing information contained in the transmitted TB upon receiving said feedback, means for receiving a status report comprising information associated with the TB, and means for comparing said information contained in the status report with said stored information contained in the transmitted TB in order to identify an attacker based on discrepancy between said information contained in the status report and said stored information contained in the transmitted TB.

Abstract: This application relates to session establishment by user equipment over a plurality of heterogenous access networks. In one aspect, the heterogenous access networks may include 3GPP and non-3GPP access networks (106). The non-3GPP access networks (106) may include one or more non-3GPP trusted access networks (108) or one or non-3GPP, non-trusted access networks (110).

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product provide for management of history-based motion vector prediction (HMVP) processes for Gradual Decoding Refresh (GDR) pictures, as well as efficient implementations of mode selection within a GDR period and tuning of coding tools such as in-loop filters and Luma Mapping with Chroma Scaling (LMCS) such that current coding units within a clean area avoid use of coding information within a dirty area of a picture. In the context of a method, the method accesses a current coding unit of a picture. The method also accesses information associated with coding unit references each associated with a respective inter-coded coding unit. The method also determines at least one candidate coding unit reference based at least upon a comparison of an associated index value to a dirty index, and assigns at least one coding unit to a candidate list for selection in a coding process.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program product of a new functional entity, namely an RRC-Inactive Context Hosting (RICH) entity, receiving, from a radio access node, a Push UE context notification or a Fetch UE Context Request. In response to the receiving of the Push UE context notification, the RICH entity sends the radio access node an ACK or NACK, while in response to the receiving of the Fetch UE Context Request, the RICH entity retrieves information requested. In response to the sending of the ACK, the RICH entity stores information contained in the notification, while in response to the retrieving, the RICH entity sends the radio access node the retrieved information.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising, transmitting to a second wireless node timing information for security key adoption and information indicative of a third wireless node, transmitting to the third wireless node a message to estimate a channel between the second wireless node and the third wireless node, the message to estimate the channel comprising information indicative of the second wireless node and channel measurement resource information associated with the second wireless node, obtaining a security key generated on the basis of channel estimation information based on estimation of the channel by the third wireless node, and applying the security key for encrypted data transmission between the first wireless node and the second wireless node.

Abstract: A method comprising, at a user device, comprising obtaining a target parameter representative of a handover rate from a base station, comparing said target parameter representative of a handover rate with a measured parameter representative of a handover rate, adjusting at least one measurement trigger event parameter as a result of said comparison in a direction tending to reduce the difference between said two rates, sending a measurement report to said base station if a trigger condition using said at least one adjusted trigger event parameter is met.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting a plurality of terminal devices for uplink and downlink transmissions are described. A first terminal device is selected from a first group of terminal devices. A reinforcement learning agent is used for selecting the first terminal device based at least on data rates of the terminal devices of the first group and data rates of the terminal devices of a second group. The selected first terminal device is transferred from the first group of terminal devices to the second group of terminal devices. One group of terminal devices is scheduled for downlink transmission and the other group of terminal devices is scheduled for uplink transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: generating a local outage time database for a first cell of a mobile communication system, wherein the local outage time database stores first latency data for each of a plurality of devices served by the first cell, wherein each first latency data comprises time left to outage data for the respective device; sending selected parts of the local outage time database to one or more other cells of the mobile communication network; receiving second latency data from at least one of the one or more other cells of the mobile communication system, wherein said second latency data includes time left to outage data for one or more devices served by said other cells; and generating a multi-cell outage time database including some or all of the shared selected parts of the local outage time database and some or all of the received second latency data.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program is provided comprising: determining a plurality of candidate data transmission slots, wherein each candidate data transmission slot has an index and said plurality of candidate data transmission slots are arranged in an order; setting an index of a current candidate data transmission slot of the plurality to be an incremental increase of an index of a preceding candidate data transmission slot of the plurality in the event that a timing gap between a start of said current candidate data transmission slot and a start of a subsequent candidate data transmission slot of the plurality is greater than a threshold; and setting the index of the current candidate data transmission slot to be equal to the index of the preceding candidate data transmission slot of the plurality in the event that the timing gap is not greater than said threshold.

Abstract: A method may include, by an apparatus, sensing at least one beam; initiating a channel occupancy time based on the sensing; transmitting at least one first downlink transmission on the at least one beam during the channel occupancy time, wherein the at least one first downlink transmission on the at least one beam triggers at least one first uplink transmission on the at least one beam during the channel occupancy time; receiving the at least one first uplink transmission on the at least one beam during the channel occupancy time; determining interference condition on the at least one beam based on the at least one first uplink transmission; and scheduling at least one second downlink transmission or at least one second uplink transmission on the at least one beam with restriction during a rest of the channel occupancy time when the interference condition meets at least one threshold requirement.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising providing a primary cell capable of serving a terminal device; determining a candidate secondary cell group, comprising one or more cells that have coverage area within the coverage are of the primary cell; determining, from the candidate secondary cell group, a cell that, based on information obtained before or during a connection setup signalling, has the highest probability of being successfully configured as a secondary cell for an inter-site carrier aggregation for the terminal device; and configuring the cell as the secondary cell for the inter-site carrier aggregation.

Abstract: Solutions for determining a resource for transmitting/detecting an uplink (UL) control signal are proposed. For example, a method includes receiving a physical resource configuration and/or an assigned resource indicator for transmitting the UL control signal, wherein the physical resource configuration indicates a plurality of resources in frequency domain. The method also includes determining a resource based on the received physical resource configuration and/or the assigned resource indicator; and adjusting the determined resource for transmitting the UL control signal based on at least one of an outcome of downlink (DL) listen before talk (LBT) performed prior to the transmission of the UL control signal, an outcome of UL LBT performed prior to the transmission of the UL control signal, and a time gap between the UL LBT and the transmission of the UL control signal.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments provide systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for emergency operations (e.g., Internet protocol multimedia subsystem (IMS) emergency calls) network slice exchange between entities in mobile networks. For example, a network node (e.g., a core network node, such as an access and mobility management function (AMF)) may provide, to a radio access network (RAN) node, information that identifies network slice(s) to be used for emergency operation(s).

Abstract: SR-enabled network nodes capable of replicating and recombining data packets in a manner that enables reliable, low-latency communications. In an example embodiment, a replicator node transmits to a combinator node multiple copies of a payload over different respective network paths, with the SR headers of the corresponding packets each having a replication segment identifier or a respective SID stack that includes the replication segment identifier. The combinator node delivers/forwards to the corresponding application/destination only the first-to-arrive payload copy and discards any subsequent payload copies based on the replication segment identifier. Some embodiments may beneficially reduce latency and packet loss concurrently and consistently. For example, packet loss may be reduced due to the transmission of multiple copies of the same payload over multiple network paths. Effective latency may be reduced due to the selection of the first-to-arrive payload copy for delivery/forwarding.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program are provided for assessing a continuity of audio service by comparing a previous audio service with a first spatial audio service that uses user head-tracking and a second audio service to identify which of the first or second spatial audio service provides a continuity of audio service with respect to the previous audio service. If the first or second spatial audio service is assessed to provide continuity of audio service, the respective spatial audio service is selectively enabled. The first spatial audio service controls or sets at least one directional property of at least one sound source and the first spatial audio service is assessed to provide continuity of audio service if it can use head-tracking to control or set the at least one directional property of at least one sound source.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a solution for configuring a retransmission in communications. In an aspect, a first device transmits, to a second device, a first indication of a plurality of candidate retransmission configurations. Each of the plurality of candidate retransmission configurations includes a transmission feedback configuration and/or a data retransmission configuration. The first device selects a target retransmission configuration from the plurality of candidate retransmission configurations. The first device transmits, to the second device, a second indication of the target retransmission configuration. The first device communicates with the second device using the target retransmission configuration. The example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a dynamical multi-level indication for a retransmission scheme.

Abstract: There is provided a frame structure for a cellular communication system. According to an embodiment, there is provided a first radio frame configuration defining a frame structure of a radio frame comprising at least one sub-frame dedicated only for downlink transmission. There is also provided a second radio frame configuration defining a frame structure of a radio frame comprising at least one flexible special sub-frame configurable as either a flexible downlink sub-frame or as a flexible uplink sub-frame, wherein the flexible downlink sub-frame and the flexible uplink sub-frame both comprise an uplink part and a downlink part, and wherein both the uplink part and the downlink part carry at least one of control information and a reference signal.