Abstract: A cover and a method for creating the cover are disclosed. The cover includes a frame and a lens secured to the frame. A first and second surface regions of the lens are proximally located relative to the frame, such that the first surface region is polished to allow light that emerges from the frame to pass through and the second surface region is rough in order to reflect light emerging from the frame. The method of creating a fading color hue in a cover includes the steps of creating a polished region on one surface the lens; creating a reflective region on another surface of the lens to allow for maximum reflection of light; creating a dispersion region on a third surface region of the lens, wherein the third surface is positioned opposite the reflective region; and securing the lens to the frame, such that the polished region and the reflective region are in close proximate to the frame thereby creating a gradually fading hue in the lens.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for transmitting data in a telecommunication system that comprises at least one packet-switched transmission network, in which data is transmitted in data packets of a standard length, the number of such standard lengths being determined in advance. To transfer information in as compact form as possible, a unique length code (L) is maintained for each standard length, and to each packet is added a length code (L) corresponding to the header of the packet to be transferred to indicate the length (3) of the packet. The invention further relates to a telecommunication system in which the method of the invention can be utilized.

Abstract: A holder having a locking mechanism for a telephone. The holder includes a single piece integral structure forming a combined pushing/locking element that is adapted to act as both a pushing element pushing against a rear portion of the telephone and also as a simultaneous locking element for locking the telephone to the holder whereby as the rear portion of the telephone pushes against the pushing element portion of the single piece pushing/locking element, the locking element portion of the single piece pushing/locking element substantially simultaneously is pushed inwards towards the phone thereby locking the phone in the holder.

Abstract: Speech is transmitted between a base station (BTS) and a TRAU by converting a speech signal into a parameter group which is inserted in a traffic frame which is transmitted as a packet comprising a header and a payload. In accordance with the invention, the payload is formed of the contents of several traffic frames until the payload is essentially full, and a packet is sent to the destination via the transmission network. At the destination the traffic frames are separated from the payload of the received packets and they are passed to a speech decoder. The packing of packets full can be started about a second after the beginning of the connection and after pauses, in which case the ending of a pause is transmitted to the listener as fast as possible.

Abstract: Apparatus, and an associated method, for reducing the resolution of a digital image, such as a JPEG image. The digital image is pre-scaled by a pre-scaling factor that is selected such that a matrix multiplication is performed upon the digital image once pre-scaled, to reduce the resolution of the image. The matrix multiplication utilizes a multiplier that exhibits symmetry, thereby to reduce the number of calculations required to reduce the resolution of the image. Resolution reduction is performed, for instance, prior to communicating the digital image to a mobile station operable in a mobile communication system.

Abstract: A method of marking information to be produced in order to expose unauthorized copying. In the method, a user identifier is defined, a source file containing a substantial part of the information produced is created, and a different target file is created for each user on the basis of the source file and the user identifier. In the invention, several predefined modification rules are stored in a file in order to modify the information contained in the source file. Using a digital processor, a sequence of modification keys is generated on the basis of the user identifier, the locations of the source file to be modified are defined, and modifications are made in these locations, determining the nature and/or position of the modifications on the basis of the predefined modification rules and modification keys. From the content of the target file delivered to the user, it is possible to conclude a user-specific identifier and thereby the person responsible for the unauthorized copy.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention overcome the problem of establishing communications with devices for which the communication protocol is unknown. One aspect of the invention involves the use of a discovery registration in which a portable device is provided with information describing the physical appearance characteristics of objects or devices that may be used to identify an object of interest. Another aspect of the invention involves the use of sensing techniques for establishing the identity of an object for which more information is sought by comparing the sensed physical characteristics of an object with data describing the physical characteristics of the objects located within an environment of the network. Aspects of the invention further involve associating the information describing the physical characteristics of objects or devices with additional information regarding the object, which may include the communication protocol for the device or object with which communication is desired.

Abstract: An apparatus and corresponding method for responding to a repeat request in a wireless communication system in which packets are communicated according to a modulation and coding scheme, with one or more packets provided in a frame communicated during a transmission time interval, the method including the steps of: if a repeat request is received, then ordering in a second order the bits of the packets associated with the repeat request, and repeating the steps up to and including retransmitting the packets associated with the repeat request; wherein in the second order, the symbols constituting the modulation are generated differently than in the original transmission.

Abstract: A receiver (9) for receiving a plurality of different signals at the same time, said receiver (9) comprising means for identifying at least one strongest signal of said plurality of different signals and means for attenuating said at least one strongest signal with respect to the other of said plurality of signals wherein the said attenuating means comprises hybrid means (140 and 160).

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for managing and distributing keys between routers using protocol exchange messages between routers as key distribution vehicles. According to one embodiment of the invention, a router of an autonomous system uses its private key to send cryptographic information associated with another router to a peer router as part of its protocol exchange messages. The peer router is able to extract the cryptographic information and store it in a look-up table. Such protocol exchange messages may occur as part of an Interior Gateway Protocol or an Exterior Gateway Protocol. According to another embodiment of the invention, a chain authentication system is created as boundary routers of autonomous systems having a trust relationship share cryptographic information for other autonomous systems as part of protocol exchange messages for the exterior gateway protocol.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program are disclosed to perform a low latency inter-technology handoff of a MN from a WLAN to a cellular network. The method includes transmitting a Bearer Context from the MN for use by the cellular network, the Bearer Context containing information required to establish access network bearers in the cellular network for an ongoing Internet session of the MN; and responding to the Bearer Context with a Router Advertisement that is forwarded to the MN. The Bearer Context may be piggybacked on another message, or it may be sent as a separate message. The Bearer Context includes information expressive of: (a) a QoS requirement of an ongoing application or applications of the MN; (b) a unique identity of the MN that is recognizable by the cellular network; (c) parameters to facilitate the creation of a Point-to-Point Protocol state in the cellular network; and (d) parameters to enable establishment of packet filters in the cellular network.

Abstract: A resource request that is originated by a short-range wireless communications device originates a request. A location indicator is added to the resource request that identifies a location of the WCD. The location indicator is based on a location of an access point that forwarded the resource request. Then, the resource request is forwarded to a content server.

Abstract: A system and method is directed to updating information in a mobile network. A dynamic signaling routing protocol is extended over bi-directional tunneling between a mobile router and its home agent such that information associated with the home agent of the mobile router reflects roaming of the mobile router as it travels from its home network. The information is determined as a function of a characteristic associated with each link of the tunnel between the mobile router and its home agent. In one embodiment, the information includes a cost metric associated with the cost of the tunnel. The information is advertised to another router. The other router employs the information associated with the tunnel to determine a path for communication.

Abstract: Disclosed is an oscillator circuit (1A) for use in a local oscillator of an RF communications device (100) that communicates over an RF channel. The oscillator circuit includes an oscillator circuit portion (2) and a bias circuit portion (3) coupled to the oscillator circuit portion for setting the operating point of the oscillator transistors. The oscillator circuit further includes a switch (6) for selectively one of connecting or disconnecting the bias circuit portion from the oscillator circuit portion, and a capacitance (5) for storing an output of the bias circuit portion during a time that the switch disconnects the bias circuit portion from the oscillator circuit portion, thereby maintaining control of the operating point of the oscillator transistors of the oscillator circuit portion. When the switch is open any noise generated by the biasing circuit portion is prevented from reaching the oscillator circuit portion, thereby reducing the overall noise floor of the oscillator circuit.

Abstract: A method and system are provided to evaluate a privacy indication of a request for one or more data items of user information by a requesting party based on at least one privacy attribute of one or more of the requested data items; and to provide to the requesting party one or more of the requested data items according to the evaluated privacy indication.

Abstract: A method for determining cell-specific location information, wherein the cell-specific location information to be used in a mobile communication network is encrypted using a predetermined encryption algorithm. The geographical coverage area corresponding with a particular cell is determined and the cell-specific location information and the geographical coverage area information are stored in a database and interlinked.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for performing Viterbi decoding by means of a trellis is provided. According to one embodiment, the arrangement comprises one or more ACS units. Connections between the inputs and outputs of the ACS units are implemented in such a manner that in calculating the consecutive metrics of the trellis, the calculated metrics of the previous stage of the trellis obtained from the outputs of the ACS units are directly connected to the inputs of the ACS units to be used in the calculation of the next stage of the trellis.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) transceiver of the type having at least one radio frequency integrated chip (RFIC), a reference oscillator and a phase-locked oscillator, utilizes non-crystal resonator structures in place of crystal oscillators to produce the reference oscillator frequency functionality and the phase-locked oscillator frequency functionality. Film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) structures including bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators are monolithically integrated or flip chipped with the RFIC to reduce size, weight and cost of the transceiver. The RF transceiver may be a TDMA or CDMA transceiver.

Abstract: A method and device for tracking a region-of-interest in a sequence of image frames, wherein the boundary of the target region of a previous frame is projected onto the current frame so that a search area in the current frame can be established. For every pixel in the search area in the current frame, a search window is established in the previous frame so as to find a matched pixel within the search window. If the matched pixel is within the ROI of the previous frame, then the corresponding pixel in the current frame is preliminarily considered as a pixel within the ROI of the current frame. This backward matching is carried out using a low pass subband in the wavelet domain. The preliminary ROI in the current frame is then refined using edge detection in a high frequency subband.

Abstract: A system for acquiring a received spread spectrum signal having a code component, the acquiring including matching the phase of a replica of the code component to the phase of the received code component and also determining a possible shift in the carrier frequency away from a nominal carrier frequency, the acquiring having an intrinsic bandwidth that is substantially the inverse of a predetermined fraction of a code period and also having a design bandwidth that is a fraction of the intrinsic bandwidth including possibly the entire intrinsic bandwidth, the system including means for performing various correlations over sections of a code period, the number of sections determining the intrinsic bandwidth, and adjusting the design bandwidth to be possibly less than the intrinsic bandwidth, so as to alter the characteristics of the acquisition.