Abstract: Example embodiments disclose a method for avoiding deadlock in a network includes generating a finite state machine indicating possible routing decisions of incoming packets for a plurality of switches, analyzing the finite state machine, determining at least one memory overflow state based on the analyzing, generating at least one anti-deadlock rule in response to determining the at least one memory overflow state, and transmitting the at least one anti-deadlock rule to the plurality of switches.

Abstract: A segment routing (SR) network has a plurality of interconnected SR gateways, where each of a plurality of local networks is connectable to an SR gateway at an edge router of the local network. An SR network control plane maintains a locator database that maps (i) a global IP (GIP) address for user equipment (UE) to (ii) an IP address of a downstream node associated with the UE along a path from the SR network to the UE. An SR gateway (i) receives a message for the UE and (ii) addresses the message to the IP address of the downstream node. The SR network control plane updates the locator database to map (i) the GIP address for the UE to (ii) a different IP address of a downstream node upon the SR network control plane determining that the association of the UE has changed to the different IP address.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a beamforming solution for FDD MIMO communication. A first device receives a reference signal from a second device in a first channel, and determines a covariance matrix associated with the first channel. The first device determines a set of beamforming vectors from the covariance matrix based on the number of dominant angles of arrival associated with the reference signal and the number of beams associated with the set of beamforming vectors, and performs a transmission to the second device based on the set of beamforming vectors in a second channel. In this way, beamforming vectors can be calculated from the transformed channel covariance matrix with the angular spread and imperfect reciprocity considered.

Abstract: In an example method embodiment, the SDN controller receives a first message from a first network device controlled by SDN, where the first message includes type information indicating that a type of the first message is a resource report type and resource information of a computing node associated with the first network device; and determines, based at least on the first message, resources of a SDN domain in which the SDN controller is located. As such, the SDN controller also can manage and control the resources of the SDN domain in addition to controlling the SDN network. Therefore, the SDN controller can perform a resource allocation according to the resources of the SDN domain, to optimize the computing power resources of the SDN domain, boost the resource utilization rate of the SDN domain, and further enhance the processing efficiency of the packets.

Abstract: Techniques of ensuring that the survival time requirement is fulfilled include applying, by the UE (transmitter), a plurality of different logical channel (LCH) mapping restrictions to the packets on the same data radio bearer (DRB). In some implementations, the LCH mapping restrictions to be applied depend on the SN of the PDCP PDU to be processed. For example, the first LCH mapping restriction may be limited to radio resource with lower reliability (e.g., with the first LCH mapping restriction, the data from this LCH can only be mapped to a CG configuration without repetition and/or high MCS), while the second LCH mapping restriction may be limited to radio resources with extremely high reliability (e.g., with the first LCH mapping restriction, the data from this LCH can only be mapped to a CG configuration with repetitions and/or low MCS).

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit an indication of a transformation function to a user equipment, wherein at least one input to the transformation function comprises a location of a user equipment and at least one measurement of a radio channel; receive a representation from the user equipment, the representation being a result of a calculation using the transformation function and the at least one input to the transformation function; and determine, using the representation, a channel quality of at least one secondary cell.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to wideband communications based on availability assessment. A method for communication comprises performing availability assessment on a set of configured frequency subbands to obtain an availability result, the availability result indicating that at least one of the set of configured frequency subbands is available for a period of time for transmission of intended information and transmitting supplementary information that has been prepared using the at least one frequency subband during a first portion of time within the period of time. The method also comprises preparing the intended information based on the availability result and transmitting the prepared intended information using the at least one frequency subband during a second portion of time following the first portion of time within the period of time. As such, the processing of the intended information can be adapted depending on the dynamic available subband(s) indicated by the availability result.

Abstract: A base station includes a receiver configured to receive, from a user equipment, a request to establish a service to the base station. The base station also includes a processor configured to determine, in response to receiving the request, whether the request is serviceable within a default time interval. The base station further includes a transmitter configured to transmit an acknowledgment comprising information indicating an extended time interval in response to the base station determining that the extended time interval is needed to successfully complete the request. The user equipment includes a receiver configured to receive the acknowledgment from the base station. The user equipment also includes a timer configured to start and run for a default time in response to transmission of the request. The timer is modified in response to receiving the information indicating the extended time interval.

Abstract: A technique of accounting for the difference in required output power reduction or required duty cycle when selecting the RO in addition to the DL RS. Both output power reduction and duty cycle are independently determined by UE itself (i.e., UE needs to be able to determine itself required power backoff and/or duty cycle in order to meet RF exposure requirements). Advantageously, a RACH procedure in which the UE determines both output power reduction and duty cycle independently enables better choices of output power reduction and duty cycle, enhancing data activity and coverage.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for: receiving values for sub-bands of a frame of an audio signal, the values comprising at least one azimuth value, at least one elevation value at least one energy ratio value and at least one spread and/or surround coherence value for each sub-band; determining a codebook for encoding at least one spread and/or surround coherence value for each sub-band based on the at least one energy ratio value and at least one azimuth value for each sub-band for a frame; discrete cosine transforming at least one vector, the at least one vector comprising the at least one spread and/or surround coherence value for a sub-band for the frame; and encoding a first number of components of the discrete cosine transformed vector based on the determined codebook.

Abstract: Improved techniques for control plane message management in a communication system are provided. For example, a method comprises transmitting control data over a control plane associated with a communication system using a first access identifier value, and transmitting user data over the control plane using a second access identifier value. The first access identifier value is distinct from the second access identifier value.

Abstract: A first radio access network (RAN) accesses information indicating an availability status of an interface between an access and mobility management function (AMF) in a first wireless communication system and a mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system. The first RAN receives a trigger for a handover of a user equipment between the first RAN and a second RAN. The handover is selectively performed via the interface or a redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status. In some cases, the first RAN receive the information indicating the availability status prior to providing the request for the handover and stores the information in a database associated with the first RAN, which access the information from the database.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for multi-connectivity, the method comprising selecting by a user equipment, based on an uplink transmission power to a first node and an uplink transmission power to at least one second node, a Radio Resource Control, RRC, connection for transmitting measurement reports and transmitting by the user equipment, using the selected RRC connection, a measurement report associated with a transmission of the first node and/or a measurement report associated with a transmission of the at least one second node.

Abstract: A first router receives a targeted message that is unicast from a second router that is multiple network hops away from the first router. The first router establishes a transport layer connection between the first router and the second router in response to the targeted message. The first router then establishes a session over the transport layer connection. The session operates according to a border gateway protocol (BGP). In some cases, the targeted message includes information such as an IP address of the first router, a transport layer parameter, an ASN associated with the second router, and an identifier of the routing protocol associated with the second router. A frequency of targeted messages exchanged by the first and second routers is reduced in response to a duration of the session increasing and turned off if the duration exceeds a threshold duration.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for unified security configuration management. A method may comprise: determine a security configuration to be executed; determine at least one security application which is installed on at least one node and is associated with the security configuration; format for the security configuration, instructions corresponding to each of the at least one security application, respectively; and send the instructions to the at least one node for respective configuration for each of the at least one security application.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: determine (1006) whether at least one transport block has been successfully delivered to another apparatus; and determine (1008, 1010, 1012) whether to use the at least one transport block to scramble at least one subsequent transport block based on whether the at least one transport block has been successfully delivered to the apparatus.

Abstract: A method comprising securing orientation of a first type of an antenna and a second type of an antenna, wherein the first type of an antenna and the second type of an antenna are comprised in a terminal device, determining if the terminal device is radio resource control connected to a cell provided by an access node comprised, at least partly, in a satellite or relayed through the satellite, and if it is, estimating a link loss based, at least partly, on downlink receive measurements obtained using the first type of an antenna, determining an uplink link budget based on the estimated link loss, determining if the uplink link budget is greater than a threshold for a transmit antenna, wherein the transmit antenna is the first type of the antenna or the second type of an antenna, and attempting a transmission to the access node using the transmit antenna if the uplink link budget is greater than the threshold for the transmission antenna.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to reliably determine a temperature, such as in the time domain. In this regard, an apparatus includes a delay line having a temperature dependent measurement invertor configured to stretch a clock pulse that was generated by an oscillating circuit during circulation of the clock pulse through the delay line. The amount by which the clock pulse is stretched during a cycle about the delay line is dependent upon temperature. The apparatus also includes detection circuitry configured to detect an instance in which clock pulse has been stretched so as to equal or exceed a period of the clock pulse. The apparatus further includes processing circuitry configured to determine the temperature based at least in part upon a number of cycles completed to stretch the clock pulse so as to equal or exceed the period of the clock pulse.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a processor and computer program code, and may be configured to cause the apparatus to allocate a radio transceiver for a communication of a first SIM and a second SIM for alternative active periods, wherein the first SIM is configured to at least monitor paging messages during its active periods and the second SIM is configured to perform beam management operations during its active periods; monitor a number of scheduled beam management operations of the second SIM skipped during the active periods of the radio transceiver allocated for the first SIM; determine, based on at least data from the performed beam management operations, a threshold value for the skipped beam management operations; and adjust, in response to the number of the skipped beam management operations reaching the threshold value, allocation of the active periods of the radio transceiver between the first SIM and the second SIM.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising transmitting a first configuration of time domain behaviour for monitoring at least one first downlink control channel using at least one first downlink beam of a beamformed transmission, determining that there is a need for changing from the at least one first downlink beam to at least one second downlink beam and transmitting a first command to configure a receiver for monitoring the at least one first downlink control channel associated with the at least one second downlink beam according to a second configuration of time domain behaviour.