Abstract: A line for a rotating trimmer, the line having a plurality of sharp edges extending longitudinally thereof and spaced circumferentially from each other, with remainder portions, between adjacent edges, depressed, each of the depressions being depressed at least 10 percent of the straight line distance between two adjacent edges on opposite sides thereof. Such line presents only sharpened edges to the material to be cut.

Abstract: A lightweight disposable cutting chain for use with small, compact power supplies comprises in one embodiment a series of links formed of wire. On certain links an end of the wire loop forming the link is cut to form a sharp edge capable of shaving material, such as wood, being cut. The links are arranged so that a narrow kerf is first cut by the links, other links being formed with cutting edges to shave material and widen the kerf. In other embodiments some or all of the links comprise metal plates formed by stamping from sheet metal.

Abstract: An assembly is disclosed for securing a railroad rail to a base plate with a resilient fastener clip. The base plate is heated, punched and reforged to provide a clip locking shoulder which includes an aperture through the base plate and an undercut in the shoulder formed by first and second clip engaging surfaces forming a generally V-shaped clip interlock. The fastener clip is of generally U-shape configuration having an upper limb and lower limb interconnected by a heel portion. The lower limb terminates in a clip lock of generally V-shaped configuration complementary to the clip interlock of the clip shoulder and the clip interlock terminates in a clip lead-in formed at an angle complementary to the angulation of the first clip engaging surface.

Abstract: Welding methods and articles are disclosed for securing railroad rails to supporting surfaces including a retaining stud, an arc shield for use in welding the retaining stud, a rail clip for securing the rail and tools for installing and removing the clip. The retaining stud is a T-shaped stud with a rectangular stem and head, the under surface of which forms an arcuate reaction surface. The stud is welded by the arc stud welding technique in which the method of controlled time and current controls the ultimate weld height and angulation of the stud. The welding is in conjunction with an arc shield, the face of which is complementary to the surface being welded and which includes a weld fillet cavity configured to provide constant weld fillet volume. The rail clip is generally U-shaped with a straight backed heel. In a preferred embodiment, the upper and lower limbs overlie one another and are bifurcated and straddle and cooperate with the stem of the stud.

Abstract: An articulated saw chain having pivotally interconnected center drive links and side links. The side links having bottom edges that incur splaying as a result of the side links pounding the guide bar rail during cutting action. An inset portion provided on the center links in the area of overlap defined by the bottom edge surface being pivoted relative to the center drive links. The insets thus providing added clearance to permit substantial splaying of the bar engaging bottom edge surface of the side links without interference and binding.

Abstract: A cartridge trimming apparatus of the mini-lathe variety. A removable stop member is provided between the cutter shaft holder and the cutter shaft handle. The stop member includes a length-adjusting screw that permits adjustment of the overall length of the stop member to accommodate a specific caliber of cartridge case. A lock nut locks the stop member to that specific caliber of cartridge. Different stop members are adjusted and locked to different calibers of cartridges. A mounting clip allows easy, rapid changing of the stop member on the trimmer to allow the user to quickly adapt the trimmer to the various calibers of cartridge cases.

Abstract: A saw chain length including articulated alternating center drive links and side links. Cutting links provide certain of the side links and a safety side link precedes each cutting link. The safety side link and its opposing tie strap link have shaved heel portions and thereby are raised off the guide bar when normally tensioned around the guide bar. The safety link is configured whereby engagement thereof by material being cut during a cutting operation induces pivoting of the safety link against the opposing tension force, which tension force thereby absorbs the impact prior to said heel portions engaging the guide bar edge.

Abstract: A combination ammunition re-loading die having an elongated housing. The housing is externally threaded at both ends to enable entry of either end into the die holder of a reloading press. An expander post is integrally formed at one end of the housing. The other end is provided with a cartridge receiving end opening. A threaded opening in the post receives a threaded shaft projected through to the cartridge receiving end opening. The projected end of the shaft carries a re-loading member, e.g. a bullet seating plug or de-priming pin. The shaft is adjustable within the post opening to adjust the position of the member. The housing can be inserted in the die holder to first present the expander post to the cartridge, and then inverted to present the bullet seating plug or de-priming pin.

Abstract: A rail insulating pad assembly comprises two pad portions arranged to be located one over each flange of a rail foot, the pad portions, when assembled, having an abutment interface zone which contains at least one capillary path interruption aperture.

Abstract: A hand saw having cutting teeth with a depth limiting design compatable with the forces capable of being generated by an operator. The leading cutting edge is followed by a rearwardly sloping bottom surface that allows the operator to control the bite of the teeth and thereby produce a smoother cutting action.

Abstract: An automatically sharpenable saw chain cutting link having primary and secondary depth gauge elements. The primary depth gauge element controls the penetration of the top plate cutting edge into a kerf and is positioned a greater distance forward of the center of the cutting link than the top plate cutting edge is rearward of the center of the cutting link as required for automatic sharpening. The secondary depth gauge element is positioned adjacent the side plate cutting edge in the front to back and lateral directions but below the top plate cutting edge to avoid interference of the automatic sharpening function.

Abstract: A cutting chain for a chain saw including a safety element normally preventing the cutter tooth from cutting wherein the safety element is mounted on the driver link and by inward pressure; i.e., toward the cutter bar, is rotated to a position under the cutter tooth so that the latter may cut.

Abstract: A primer composition using manganese dioxide as the predominant oxidizer is disclosed. The manganese dioxide oxidizer is combined with a fuel source and non-metallic initiating explosive material. Various diazo, triazole, or tetrazole compounds may be used as non-metallic initiating explosives, although diazodinitrophenol is preferred. The combustion by-products of the invention do not include toxic oxides of lead, barium, or mercury. The invention therefore provides distinct safety and environmental advantages.

Abstract: A cutting chain for a chain saw including a safety element in front of a cutter tooth, the safety element normally extending past the cutter tooth to inhibit cutting, but depressible by a solid object such as wood to allow cutting.

Abstract: A lock-in shoulder is provided with a head at its upper end which, upon assembly, engages the upper surface of a "U" shaped knock-on clip, abutment wings which abut the upper surface of a sleeper, a rail engaging surface which engages an edge of the rail foot, a back surface which engages a surface of an aperture through the sleeper, and an upwardly facing surface which engages the sleeper underface.

Abstract: A cutting chain for a chain saw including a clearer immediately in front of the cutter tooth, the clearer normally extending past the cutter tooth and preventing cutting but depressible by a solid object such as wood to allow cutting.

Abstract: A gulletless saw chain having a cutting link with a cutter portion that is configured to be top sharpenable. A depth gauge portion is positioned in close proximity to the cutting edge corner of the cutter portion. The depth gauge is laterally offset to position the outer most edge of the depth gauge at the corner of the cutting edge to thereby control side penetration as well as depth penetration of the cutting edge. A drive link preceding the cutting link includes a guide portion with an inclined leading edge that corresponds with the leading edge of the depth gauge. A shallow V shaped opening is formed between the depth gauge and drive link guide portion to assist the cutting link in tracking in the kerf.

Abstract: A guide bar has a main body section and a separate nose section releasably secured thereto. The main body section has a pair of opposed recesses in opposite faces thereof and an opening in said recesses to form a flange. The nose section includes a pair of opposed plates, at least one of the plates having a central portion deformed laterally toward the other plate. The plates are secured together in the region of lateral deformation with edge margins thereof spaced apart to provide a drive chain-receiving groove generally aligned with a similar groove in the peripheral edge of the main body section. The body and nose sections are secured together by a hub and expander member assembly which extends into substantially aligned apertures in the body section and nose section. Edge margins of the recesses on the body section and nose section are disposed at diverging angles progressing toward the nose end of the bar to aid in alignment and securing of the body and nose section.

Abstract: The specification discloses a completely outside sharpenable saw chain of the chisel type in which top plate portions are sharpened on their tops and in which side cutter portions are sharpened on their outer sides. The chain has allochiral cutter teeth each having a top plate portion sloping rearwardly and downwardly and joined along one side edge to a side slitter plate portion sloping rearwardly and inwardly, a bent over shank portion, a body portion and a depth gauge portion, wherein the top plate portion, the side plate portion and the shank portion taken together are generally C-shaped in cross-section. The top plate portion has, at its top, a sharpenable end surface forming a top cutting edge ending in a corner chisel point from which a side cutting edge extends downwardly and rearwardly. The side cutting edge is formed where the sharpenable forward end surface of the side plate portion, oriented toward the outer side of the saw chain, intersects the inner face of said side plate portion.