Abstract: An alcohol production system that produces alcohol by alcoholic fermentation using a saccharide solution, including an alcoholic fermentation vessel in which the saccharide solution is fermented by adding yeast to produce alcohol, which is an organic feedstock, and a biomass-hydrothermally-treated-product adding means that adds a biomass hydrothermally-treated product obtained by hydrothermally treating a biomass feedstock to the alcoholic fermentation vessel. The alcohol production system can improve alcoholic fermentation efficiency and realize cost reduction without adding only a mineral salt from outside.

Abstract: A wheel for a non-motorized vehicle (e.g., a shopping cart) can include a housing assembly and a tread assembly. The housing assembly can be configured to sealingly house electronics or other components. The tread assembly can removably mate with the housing assembly such that the electronics or other components remain closed and/or sealed within the housing assembly when the tread assembly is mated or unmated with the housing assembly.

Abstract: A dual-mode tablet and a detecting and switching method for input signals thereof are provided. The dual-mode tablet includes an electromagnetic induction module and a touch input module. The microprocessor controls the electromagnetic induction module to electronically connect to an induction coil group and detects whether any electromagnetic signal is received. After the electromagnetic induction module receives one electromagnetic signal completely, the microprocessor controls the touch input module to electronically connect to the induction coil group. When the microprocessor receives a touch input signal, the microprocessor alternately controls one of the electromagnetic induction module and the touch input module to electronically connect to the induction coil group. When the microprocessor detects one electromagnetic signal is received, the electromagnetic induction module electronically connects to the induction coil group continuously until the electromagnetic signal is received completely.

Abstract: There is provided solid imaging methods and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects from solid imaging material. A tray with a film bottom is provided to hold solid imaging material that is selectively cured into cross-sections of the three-dimensional object being built. A coater bar is moved back and forth over the film to remove any uncured solid imaging material from a previous layer and to apply a new layer of solid imaging material. A sensor is provided to measure the amount of resin in the tray to determine the appropriate amount of solid imaging material to be added, from a cartridge, for the next layer. A shuttle, which covers the tray when the exterior door to the solid imaging apparatus is opened for setting up a build or removing a three-dimensional object, can also be used to move the coater bar and to selectively open one or more valves on the cartridge to dispense the desired amount of solid imaging material.

Abstract: A device for image gating using an array of reflective elements is provided herein. The device includes an array of reflective elements, wherein each one of the reflective elements is movable within a range of a plurality of tilt positions, wherein the array is located at an image plane of the device, wherein the array is perpendicular to an optical axis of the device. The device further includes a control unit configured to control the reflective elements such that in at least some of the tilt positions, the reflective elements reflect the radiant flux at said image plane, to one or more projection planes. A gradual rotation of the reflective elements along the plurality of tilt positions result in a gradual increase or decrease in the intensity of the image reflected from the array of reflective elements while maintaining the image integrity.

Abstract: A pressurized garment has cuffs for encircling a human subject, each cuff having ports for cooling and grounding unit controlling the pressure and temperature of the coolant, where the pressurization and cooling may use common or separate cuff ports. The cuff has a coolant circulating having a temperature and pressure selected to provide therapy to a subject in need thereof. The cuffs may be applied to the upper arms and upper thighs of a subject in need of improved vitality.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods, systems, and compositions for the genetic incorporation of a plurality of different noncanonical amino acids into one target protein. The invention provides for multiple, mutually orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs that suppress two different selector codons engineered into a polynucleotide molecule. By virtue of the suppression of the selector codons, orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs permit incorporation of their charged noncanonical amino acids into the corresponding positions in the protein. The noncanonical amino acids provide a wide array of functional capabilities. For example, the noncanonical amino acids can provide a reactive pair of moieties that facilitate the study and manipulation of the target protein.

Abstract: An aircraft light consists of a housing containing a light source, a heat sink element forming at least part of the exterior surface of the housing and an auxiliary thermal capacitor that is thermally decoupled from the heat sink element. A thermally expandable medium is coupled to the heat sink element and operates to thermally decouple the light source from the heat sink element and thermally couple the light source to the auxiliary thermal capacitor and vice versa, depending on the actual temperature of the heat sink element.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a document processor and electronics connected to the document processor. The electronics includes a document sensor system and means for determining a document processing situation of a plurality of document processing situations. The document sensor system is connected to the means. The plurality of document processing situations include a single document situation and a double document situation. The double document situation includes a partially-overlapped, double document situation and a completely overlapped, double document situation. A method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method adjusts a pulse width of a signal. The method provides a fixed voltage input trigger pulse (34), of a certain pulse width, to a pulse width generator circuit (10) and provides an output pulse (52) from the pulse width generator circuit such that a pulse width of the output pulse is longer than the certain pulse width, without changing a voltage or frequency of the input trigger pulse. The method is used to drive an injector of a diesel reductant delivery system to inject fluid into an exhaust flow path.

Abstract: An aqueous composition adapted to kill bacteria in both planktonic and biofilm states is lethal toward a wide spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria as well as other microbes. The composition, which is slightly to moderately acidic, includes a significant amount of one or more surfactants and large amounts of osmotically active solutes. The composition can be applied directly to a site of bacterial growth. Even when the bacteria is in biofilm form, the surfactant component(s) begin to kill the bacteria before the macro-molecular matrix is removed or dislodged from the site.

Abstract: The present invention sets, for each cells or each condition, a production output of the cells or the biomass based on the measured data and a variable indicating an extent of variation of the production output, calculates a variable range of the production output and the variable in case of combining the multiple cells or conditions based on the production output and the variable set, and calculates an optimum combination within the variable range by using an optimization method.

Abstract: An aircraft light for emitting light in a desired spatial angular region and with a desired light distribution, comprises a reflector having an upper reflector portion and a lower reflector portion both being symmetrical to a plane. A first row of LEDs are face away from the reflector. A second row of LEDs face towards the reflector. Each of the upper and lower portions of the reflector comprises first, second, and third reflective surfaces with the first reflective surface being convexly shaped, the second reflective surface being substantially flat, and the third reflective surface being partially parabolically shaped.

Abstract: The disclosure describes an electric drive assembly having an electric motor which is arranged in a motor housing and a fan which is arranged on an end face of the motor housing. The fan generates a cooling air flow that removes heat from the electric motor. An electronic controller with electronic components controls or regulates the electric motor. A box-shaped motor panel sits on the motor housing and houses the electronic components. The heat generated during operating of the electronic components can be discharged by means of the motor panel to a heat sink which is in thermally conductive contact with the motor panel.

Abstract: A precision press device and a press load control method is provided for downsizing a vacuum chamber in press work in the vacuum chamber, shortening a time required to reach a vacuum and performing high accuracy pressure control. A pressure sensor is set up outside the chamber 16 and a cylinder chamber 17 is formed to allow a tubular plunger 7 to slide up and down. A negative pressure 22 in the chamber 16 attracts the pressurized section 2 and the pressurizing section 1, but by injecting an equivalent pressure 19 of a fluid into the cylinder chamber 17, pushing out the tubular plunger 7, the attractive forces are canceled out.

Abstract: A system is provided for detecting the passage of vehicles and the classification thereof by weight using geophone outputs and a unique density measurement in which the number of peaks of the geophone signal above a predetermined threshold over a number of time frames indicates the presence of a vehicle, with the number of time frames in which the density exceeds the threshold indicating whether the vehicle is a heavy vehicle such as a tank, or a light vehicle such as a car, with the threshold eliminating both manmade and natural noise, as well as distinguishing seismic vibrations due to personnel and animals. In one embodiment, various thresholds are utilized to detect the onset of vehicle presence and the end of the event.

Abstract: At least one solid mass of oxidizing-species-releasing material (ORM), selected as a solid oxidizer (SO), and/or as oxidizing-species-releasing burning substance (ORBS) is used as a device for enhancing the starting process of a turbine engine under various ambient conditions. The ORM is introduced into the combustion chamber of the turbine engine and the starting process of the turbine engine is initiated, by help of the igniter and in association with the ORM to enhance the starting process. In operation, an ORM selected as an SO releases gaseous oxygen when heated to decompose, while an ORM chosen as an ORBS discharges oxidizing species when ignited to burn. An ORM such as an SO or an ORBS may operate alone or in various combinations of both. The ORM is configured to release a predetermined mass flow rate of oxidizing species or of gaseous oxygen.

Abstract: Systems and method for delivering materials to a tool are disclosed. A material delivery system utilizes two or more sources of the material to be delivered to the tool. One or more of the sources of the tool may be a batch mixer. The material delivery system also includes at least two material delivery recirculation lines providing material to at tool. The material delivery system may be manually or automatically controlled to switch supply of the material from one source to another, and/or to switch from one material delivery recirculation line to another.

Abstract: A method for conducting a virtual training session with first and second training objectives having first and second validation paths, respectively. The method steps include configuring a virtual machine manipulated by a student to complete the first training objective, configuring a smart agent to execute on the virtual machine including a validator specified by the first validation path, generating a result by performing a first validation check of the virtual training session by at least the validator of the smart agent to identify an event of the virtual machine, identifying, using the smart agent, completion of the first training objective based on the result, and advancing the virtual training session from the first training objective to the second training objective in response to identifying completion of the first training objective.