Abstract: A printed circuit board has two layers of printed circuit board dielectric material; a core made of ferromagnetic material between the two layers; and conductive leads on the opposite side of each dielectric layer from the core connected by via holes through both dielectric layers to form a conducting coil around the core. The conductive leads can form two separate coils around the core to form a transformer. A planar conducing sheet can be placed on or between one or more of the printed circuit board's dielectric layers to shield other circuitry on the printed circuit board from magnetic fields generated around the core. The core can be formed at least in part by electroless plating. Electroplating can be used to add a thicker layer of less conductive ferromagnetic material.

Abstract: A photolithographic system uses a mask that carries a plurality of photolithographic images. In one embodiment, the mask carries images for all the layers necessary to manufacture a variety of different device cells, which can include devices of different types. A single mask may carry the images required to make a complete system consisting of multiple devices. Some devices may comprise multiple layers. The system includes an adjustable aperture system which defines the area of the mask which will be illuminated. The mask is employed in a mask aligner which includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, apparatus to carry and position a substrate, apparatus to position the mask, and apparatus to position and adjust the aperture.

Abstract: A starter bar is designed for beam blank production by continuous casters. The starter bar has a unique transition section including H-profiled segment members which are fixed to an elongated flexible steel band forming the core of the unit. The transition section is readily connected and disconnected to a universal tail section, also having an elongated flexible steel band as its core.

Abstract: A furniture structure for chairs, benches and the like consisting of substantially planar members which interlock and reversibly unlock without the use of tools or separate fasteners, comprises two sides, a seat member, a back and a front, the sides each having an upper edge, and the seat member including a forward edge and a rear edge. An interlocking sector on each of the sides interlocks with the seat member, the back and the front without the need for tools or separate fasteners. The interlocking sector includes first and second members on each of the sides for frictionally engaging the forward and rear edges of the seat member, respectively, in opposite directions. A third member on each of the sides frictionally engages the seat member in a direction substantially perpendicular to the opposite directions.

Abstract: A high efficiency solar heating system comprising a plurality of hollow modular units each for receiving a thermal storage mass, the units being arranged in stacked relation in the exterior frame of a building, each of the units including a port for filling the unit with the mass, a collector region and a storage region, each region having inner and outer walls, the outer wall of the collector region being oriented for exposure to sunlight for heating the thermal storage mass; the storage region having an opening therein and the collector region having a corresponding opening, the openings being joined for communicating the thermal storage mass between the storage and collector regions by thermosiphoning; the collector region being disposed substantially below and in parallel relation to the storage region in the modular unit; and the inner wall of the collector region of each successive modular unit in the stacked relation extending over the outer wall of the storage region of the next lower modular unit in

Abstract: A combination solar collector, thermal storage and heating module for mounting in a building framework comprising a hollow panel member for receiving a thermal storage mass, including an outer wall and an inner wall; opposed pairs of sidewalls and end walls sealed to the inner and outer walls for connecting the corresponding perimeters of the inner and outer walls, thereby defining an enclosed chamber; a plurality of individual connections each of the connections forming a joint between the inner wall and the outer wall for maintaining the rigidity of the walls when the chamber is filled with the mass; and a port in the panel member for filling the panel member with the mass. Various modifications and alternatives are disclosed including several structures for attaching the module to the building framework, and additional modifications for increasing solar absorption and decreasing heat loss from the building.

Abstract: Heat is transferred to and from a building having a stack or other group of containers for thermal storage mass, arranged to be illuminated directly or indirectly by sunlight, via a frontally spaced sun swept glazing system. A connection path is established through the glazing to module space and a shade system is provided for modulating heat transfer. For cooling, warmest water may be removed from the modules, spray cooled and circulated back to coolest modules. Designs for field-erectable modules are disclosed.

Abstract: The module includes a panel of thermal insulation which facially separates the interior space into an outer, facially large, volumetrically small chamber and an inner volumetrically large chamber. The two chambers are communicated above and below the insulation panel to establish a convection path for the heat transfer liquid. A seasonally reversible check valve provides for unidirectional circulation. The larger chamber is provided with a relatively large surface in contact with the room that is to be heated and cooled.

Abstract: A container of phase change energy storage material such as Glauber's salt is deployed behind the glazing of the south wall of a building structure for absorbing heat to heat the structure and/or for radiating heat to cool the structure. Several construction modules and mounting arrangements are shown, including ones where panels are backed with thermal insulation and pivotally mounted for reversibility.

Abstract: Each module includes a block body and an outer wear surface joined by one or more separator webs. The block body either is massive as constructed, or receives a massive filling, such as concrete, at the job site. Provision is also made for providing a filling of thermal insulation such as foamed synthetic plastic for the module. Modules are stacked and coursed to make walls. Mortar may be used between adjacent modules, and/or the module walls may be facially coated with a substance which securely interconnects the modules. Such walls have a high interior mass, insulated on the exterior and protected exteriorly of the insulation by the wear surface. The high mass tends to assume room temperature and perform as a thermal energy flywheel. Some measures for partial prefabrication of module parts are disclosed.

Abstract: Heat is transferred to and from a building having a stack or other group of containers for thermal storage mass, arranged to be illuminated directly or indirectly by sunlight, via a frontally spaced sun swept glazing system. A connection path is established through the glazing to module space and a shade system is provided for modulating heat transfer. For cooling, warmest water may be removed from the modules, spray cooled and circulated back to coolest modules. Designs for field-erectable modules are disclosed.