Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the post-treatment of conversion-coated metal surfaces. The aqueous treating solution contains a melamine-formaldehyde resin and preferably contains a vegetable tannin and is free of chromium. Treatment with the melamine-formaldehyde resin-containing solution provides improved corrosion-resistance over that obtained with a water rinse and treatment with the melamine-formaldehyde resin and vegetable tannin combination solution gives corrosion results as measured by salt spray resistance comparable to those obtained with the use of the commercial dilute chromium-containing rinse.

Abstract: An electrodeposited bright coating simulating in appearance that of chromium is formed on a metal-bearing substrate with substantial production economies by contacting the metallic layer on the susbstrate with an aqueous solution including therein a source of cobalt, nickel or iron ions; a source of tin ions; and a complexing agent selected from the group consisting of gluconate, glucoheptonate, or mixtures thereof. If desired, the aqueous solution may include a source of zinc ions. During the process the thickness of the chromium-like appearance coating is controlled so that it does not substantially exceed five micrometers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process and composition for accelerating the activation of a polymeric surface prior to the electroless plating thereof, wherein there is employed a solution comprising a relatively dilute inorganic acid and a metal salt desirably selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and ruthenium. There may also be employed a compound cabable or ionizing to produce a source of fluoride ions. By so proceeding, microscopic cavities in the polymeric substrate are thoroughly cleansed of residual tin ions which remain subsequent to rinsing of the polymeric body following the conventional activation step employing an acidic solution of pollodium chloride and stannous chloride. The removal of palladium ions, which have a catalytic effect in the electroless plating operation, is minimized by the composition and process of this invention, and further, in addition to other advantages, there is achieved relatively low and uniform values of part resistance and contact resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for treating aluminum wherein the surface is contacted with a solution containing phosphate, a tannin, titanium and fluoride prior to inking or lacquering. The process produces a coating exhibiting adhesion, color and corrosion resistance comparable to that obtained via conventional chromium-based processes without creating the pollution problems of chromium disposal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous electroplating bath suitable for plating a tin-gold alloy and a process of plating employing that bath. The bath contains gold as the auricyanide complex and tin as a stannic halide complex. The bath is operated at a pH value not in excess of 3. Where desired, the bath also contains a brightener. The electroplating bath is extremely stable and produces high quality electrodeposits.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved gold-sulfite bath for plating gold and gold alloy deposits. By the inclusion in the bath of small amounts of certain organic phosphorus compounds, the quality of the deposit is rendered less sensitive to substantial changes in operating variables.

Abstract: A control system for a conveying apparatus of a type consisting of one or more independently movable carriages supported on a rail extending along a series of treating stations, and wherein each carriage has one or more independently movable lift mechanisms thereon for depositing and removing racks with workpieces at the stations. In one embodiment, the programming device on the carriage for providing sequentially-phased movement of the carriage and lift mechanisms is advanced by a transferring motor which is actuated in response to the tripping of sensing devices on the carriage indicating the position of the carriage relative to the stations and the up and down position of the lift mechanism.The programming devices of each carriage, if a plurality of carriages are used, are interlocked to maintain them in sequence and a timer is employed to control portions of the operating cycle duration.

Abstract: A process for conveying thin-walled cup-shaped circular cylindrical articles on a cushion of fluid by positioning them between a plurality of longitudinally-extending members formed with opposing shape-conforming supporting surfaces and having ports therealong for discharging a pressurized fluid against the walls of the article. The magnitude of fluid discharged is controlled to effect an inward deflection of the walls of the article along its trailing open end, imparting a converging taper thereto and producing a force vector for propelling the article in the direction of intended travel along the members. The discharge of fluid from the opposed members is also controlled to produce a separating air cushion between the ends of adjacent articles, resisting impact therebetween during their conveyance along the members.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to an aqueous bath for the electrodeposition of a bright iron-nickel alloy and to a process utilizing the same, the bath comprising iron ions, nickel ions, an iron complexing agent containing at least two complexing groups independently selected from the group consisting of carboxy and hydroxy provided at least one group is a carboxy group, and a reaction product of a polyamine and an alkylating or sulfonating agent, whereby there is achieved a marked improvement in the brightness of the electrodeposit as well as excellent leveling in both the high and low current density areas. Optionally, by the addition of acetylenic brighteners of a particular structural formula even further improved results may be obtained.

Abstract: Substantially improved results by way of durability and appearance are accomplished by electrodepositing upon a metallic substrate a plurality of layers of a nickel-iron alloy, the lowermost of which has a relatively high iron content and the uppermost a relatively lower iron content, upon which is electrochemically bonded a nickel layer and an upper layer of microdiscontinuous chromium or equivalent decorative finishing material.

Abstract: The instant invention is particularly directed to zinc plating baths and a process for employing the same in which quaternary ammonium silicates, preferably of the alkaline type, are utilized. Exemplary of such additives are tetramethylammonium silicate, phenyltrimethyl silicate, disilicate and trisilicate, benzyltrimethyl ammonium silicate and disilicate, and silicates of polymeric quaternary bases. Quaternary ammonium silicates are water soluble, function as chelating agents for metallic impurities in the bath, refine the grain structure of the zinc deposit, and are also effective as auxiliary brighteners.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved electroplating bath and process for obtaining semi-bright to bright electrodeposits of gold and gold alloys. The electroplating bath contains a gold sulfite complex and a nitrogen-free diphosphonic compound having at least two phosphonic groups attached directly to a carbon atom. Presence of the nitrogen-free phosphonate compound enhances the stability of the gold sulfite baths and improves the brightness of electrodeposits obtained therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention is directed broadly to the manufacture of aromatic aldehydes and acids, and is more specifically concerned with the preparation of anisaldehyde utilizing a manganic salt to oxidize either methoxytoluene or the benzyl or toluol sulfonic ester of p-cresol whereby under carefully controlled conditions there is obtained a minimum of tars, a minimum of aromatic acids and a minimum utilization of the methoxytoluene for conversion to anisaldehyde.

Abstract: A composite nickel-containing electroplate is formed on a base metal surface by electroplating on the surface an adherent nickel or nickel alloy layer having a thickness of from about 0.15 to 1.5 mils and an average sulfur content of less than about 0.03%. An intermediate nickel or nickel alloy layer, having a thickness of from about 0.005 to 0.2 mils and an average sulfur content of from about 0.05 to 0.3% is then electroplated on the lower layer. An adherent upper nickel or nickel alloy having a thickness of from about 0.2 to 1.5 mils and average sulfur content of from about 0.02 to 0.15% is then electroplated on the intermediate layer, the upper layer containing a lower percentage of sulfur then the lower layer. The source of sulfur, for at least the intermediate layer, is provided by including novel thioethersulfonates of nitriles or amides in the plating bath for that layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for handling workpieces and particularly cup-shaped articles, such as containers or the like, which travel at spaced intervals at high speed along a processing path. The transfer mechanism includes a movable member interposed in the path of travel of the workpieces and is movable laterally thereof for transferring the intercepted workpieces to an alternate path in which they may undergo additional processing. The movable member of the transfer device includes a cushioning member thereon for decelerating and absorbing the momentum of the workpieces impacting thereagainst and further includes a suction member for releasably retaining the workpieces in transporting engagement on the movable member for at least a portion of their lateral transfer movement.

Abstract: This invention relates to a filtration unit for use in reverse osmosis purification, separation, or concentration plants or systems, and in particular to a unique method of winding a length of reinforced cast membrane tubing into a helical form while subjected to high pressure and elevated temperature.

Abstract: A circuit for use in connection with an electrochemical painting apparatus wherein the painting load circuit is connected to a source of three-phase electrical supply by means of a plurality of controlled rectifiers connected as a full wave rectifier. The firing circuit for the control rectifiers includes a normal firing circuit which is phase controlled, the input to the normal firing circuit being supplied from a flip-flop circuit, the flip-flop circuit being adapted to store a start signal and regenerate the start signal for each phase of the multiphase supply in response to the sensing of the zero voltage crossover point for each phase. A similar situation occurs on the stop signal wherein the stop signal occurs and the flip-flop stores that condition until such time as the voltage waveform again crosses zero to signal the end of a cycle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reducing the rate of sludge formation in a crystalline phosphatizing process. The phosphatizing bath includes 0.005 to 20 g/l of a phosphoric acid ester of an organic condensation product containing an alkylene oxide chain.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for applying a tannin containing post-treatment composition over zinc phosphate conversion coatings on metallic surfaces so as to provide an improved base for paint, lacquer, varnish, or similar organic finishes. Also disclosed are a process for the transport and application of the tannin composition and a process for preparing a metallic surface for electrodeposition painting.

Abstract: A nickel-iron alloy plating bath containing nickel ions and iron ions, a soluble non-reducing complexing agent, and a reducing saccharide selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides and disaccharides. The combination of hydroxy carboxylic acid complexers and reducing saccharide in such baths yielding high iron content bright level nickel-iron alloy deposits containing up to 50 percent iron, while retaining the Fe.sup.+.sup.3 concentration in the bath at a minimum value and reducing the amount of complexers which is required. Generally, it is preferred to utilize from about 1 to about 50 grams per liter of a reducing saccharide and from about 2 to about 100 grams per liter of the complexing agent.