Abstract: A process for desulfurization of fuel combustion gases and a new reactor wherein the primary flue gas stream containing sulfur oxides and alkaline oxide solids flows into the reactor vessel. A plurality of baffle columns is positioned at the top of the reactor vessel which serve to separate the primary stream into a plurality of first streams containing substantially all of the alkaline oxide solids and a plurality of second streams comprising substantially solids-free gas. The first streams are wetted after which they recombine with the second streams to produce reaction product sulfates and sulfites. The reaction product is substantially dry because the hot second streams cause evaporation of substantially all of the moisture from the wetted first streams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the recovery of heat and chemicals from a mixture of ashes and spent liquor by carrying out the final concentrating (2) of the liquor, and its feeding (8) into the soda recovery unit (5), under pressure and at a temperature higher than the atmospheric boiling point of the liquor. According to the invention, the ashes (1) are not mixed with the waste liquor (7) until after the final concentrating (2) of the liquor, and the mixture is further expansion evaporated (4) before the thus concentrated pressurized liquor is fed into the soda recovery unit (5).

Abstract: The application of the electron beam technique in the polymerization of surfaces and purification of flue gases, for instance, often has a high demand of energy. The performance of prior art emitters, often considerably less than 50%, is thereby a major drawback. In the present method, low-energy shaping acceleration is applied first and thereafter the electrons are passed through windows very ideally and homogeneously by the proper acceleration. By means of the method, several successive and/or parallel windows can be provided in the device, the electron power being distributed evenly between said windows.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for screening and treating pulp. In the invention, the pulp is screened in a screen into an accepted fraction and a rejected fraction, the rejected fraction being treated after the screening by removing water from it. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the refining process, the rejected pulp fraction is screened by means of a means (13) rotating rapidly in a reject space (12) of a screen (1) in such a manner that the rapidly rotating means (13) effects a radial flow of the fine-grained material contained in the rejected fraction outwards through a perforated wall (14) surrounding the rotating means (13) into a space (15, 15a) from where the fine-grained material is discharged.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rock drilling apparatus comprising a carrier and at least one drill boom mounted in the carrier and provided with a drifter and a feeding beam. Valves for the control of the operations of the drifter and the feeding beam are arranged in the form of an integral control unit. The control unit is mounted in a cradle provided for the feeding beam and it communicates with the carrier by means of merely two pressure fluid hoses and a control cable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for use in connection with a drilling apparatus for drilling a hole and also filling the drilled hole with a filler. A hole is drilled by using a tubular drill rod with a crushing tool provided at the end of the drill rod, with the crushing tool substantially defining the diameter of the hole to be drilled. A first flushing medium is supplied in the course of drilling, through the hole in the tubular drill rod to at least one opening in the crushing tool and into an annular space defined between the walls of the drilled hole and the outer surface of the drill rod, for carrying crushed material out of the drilled hole. After completion of the drilling operation and removal of the crushed material, a filler is delivered into the hole in the tubular drill rod, into the drilled hole and/or into the ground or bedrock surrounding the hole.

Abstract: A device for separating solids from suspension comprises two filtering belts pervious to water travelling in the same direction and arranged to be supported and guided each by their respective liquid withdrawing surfaces provided with holes which form therebetween a prefiltering chamber converging in the direction of travel. The prefiltering chamber comprises in the beginning a supply inlet for supplying suspension to be treated into the chamber, as well as sealing elements defining the chamber at its sides in directions perpendicular to the direction of travel of the belts. The sealing elements are formed by rigid walls rigidly joined to the liquid withdrawing surfaces, such that the prefiltering chamber has a substantially closed housing-like construction.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for removing impurities from paper pulp, the pulping space enclosed by a solid jacket is divided into a primary and a secondary space by means of a partition wall. Both the primary and the secondary space are provided with separate rotor units and perforated screen plates in connection with rotor units. The paper pulp to be purified is conducted into the primary space and a connection between the primary and secondary spaces is arranged within the partition wall which allows for continuous use of both spaces for removing impurities.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for passing a fibre web (25) from a wire (3) of a former (1) through a press section (2) including at least three nips (N1, N2, N3) each formed by a pair of press rolls. The method involves transferring the web (25) from the wire (3) onto a sucession of press felts (7) and passing it through the nips (N1, N2, N3) so that it is all the time from the separating point of the web (25) and the wire (3) at least up to the third nip (N3) supported on both sides and in contact with at least one felt (7, 13, 18) acting as a support element. Another support element includes suction zones in various ones of the press rolls for causing air pressure to press the web against the press felt on which it is being conveyed.

Abstract: An arrangement for fastening a grindstone (1) of a pulp grinder to a rotatory shaft (2). In the arrangement, the radial forces acting on the grindstone are transmitted from the fastening flange (3) of the grindstone (1) to the rotatory shaft (2) by means of a support member (12) which transmits the radial forces from the fastening flange (3) through the support member (12) to the rotatory shaft (2) in such way that they do not substantially affect the threads (8), (9) of the nut (7) and the rotatory shaft (2).

Abstract: A process for the recovery of heat and chemicals from spent liquor by evaporating water out from it in order to concentrate the liquor and be feeding the concentrated liquor thereby obtained and air into the soda-ash furnace. In order to increase the dry-matter content of the liquor to a level higher than usual, without at the same time increasing the viscositty of the liquor immoderately, at least the final concentrating (5, 9) of the liquor and its feeding (16) into the soda-ash furnace (4) are carried out under pressure at a temperature higher than the atmospheric boiling point of the liquor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling pressurized screening devices in which fiber pulp is fed to the pressurized screening device and is divided into the accepted portion of the fiber pulp passing through perforations of a cylindrical screenplate and the rejected portion which is removed from the screenplate, the perforated screenplate being treated by a device movable relative thereto and rotatable around the center axis of the screenplate, the fiber pulp being fed parallel with the center axis of the screenplate to baffle blade assembly comprising at least two baffle blades and also being rotatable around the center axis, wherein the speed of rotation of the baffle blade assembly and/or the radial dimension of the baffle blades are adjustable to control the screening. The invention additionally relates to pressurized screening devices for implementing the method.

Abstract: In the drying section of a paper machine having a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a support fabric supporting a web to be dried, the fabric along with the web being passed from the first cylinder to the second cylinder, a device is provided at the height of the free run portion of the web and the support fabric between the cylinders on the side of the support fabric and comprises a chamber connected to a source of pressurized medium and a nozzle slot provided in the wall of the chamber for effecting a flow having an influence on positive and negative pressures induced in wedge-like spaces formed between the cylinders and the web with the support fabric for stabilizing the run of the web. The nozzle slot is directed at an angle with respect to the free run of the web and away from the web and the support fabric towards an area, which is outside the wedge-like space defined by the circumferential surface of the cylinder and the free run.

Abstract: In the drying section of a paper or board machine, a web travels in a meander-like fashion around drying cylinders and it is provided with ducts for delivering web-run stabilizing suction into the drying section. At least one cylinder is provided with ducts for delivering suction in the interior of a drying cylinder, the jacket of the cylinder being provided with flow paths communicating with the duct for delivering suction outside the cylinder both in a sector in which web runs around the jacket of the cylinder and in a sector in which the jacket of the cylinder is unoccupied by the run of the web.

Abstract: In a method of wetting particles contained in a gas stream including particles and gas, a primary gas stream containing the particles is separated into first and second gas streams such that the first gas stream includes substantially all the particles of the primary gas stream. The particles are wetted in the first gas stream with water in a wetting stage. The amount of water which is introduced into the wetting stage exceeds that amount of water which is capable of reducing the temperature of the first gas stream below its dew point. The resulting first and second gas streams are then combined into an aggregate gas stream downstream of the wetting stage to produce an aggregated gas stream having a temperature greater than the dew point of the aggregated gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a screening apparatus (1) for screening pulp. In the method, the maximum length of fibres and shives flowing through holes (4a) in a screen drum (4) is adjusted by moving blades (8) with a sharp front edge close to the surface of the screen drum (4) in such a manner that the sharp edge (8a) of the front face moving closest to the drum surface strikes shives or long fibers passing through the hole (4a) and pulls them back. The rate of travel of the blades (8) is so adjusted that the pulp flows in the hole (4a) only over a distance corresponding to the predetermined fiber length during the interval between the front edge of two successive blades (8). The screening apparatus (1) comprises blades (8) moving in parallel with the surface of the screen drum (4). The front edge of the blades defines in cross-section a sharp angle, the point of the angle defined by the front edge moving closest to the surface of the screen drum (4).

Abstract: An apparatus for pulping and screening materials containing fiber pulp includes an upper pulping section for breaking down the materials and a lower screening section for prescreening of the broken materials. The pulping section includes a feeding chamber delimited by a housing, a rotor unit in the feeding chamber, a drive unit for rotation of the rotor unit and a first perforated screenplate in a bottom portion of the pulping section through which an accepted portion of the broken material is fed into the screening section. The screening section includes a space also delimited by a housing and positioned on the opposite side of the first perforated screenplate and a stationary partition wall for dividing the space into a first and a second partial space. At least a portion of the partial wall defines a second perforated screenplate. The first partial space communicates with the feeding chamber for receiving the accepted portion of the broken material.

Abstract: A method for regulating the feed and/or combustion conditions of concentrated waste liquors of varying chemnical and physical properties, for their burning in a soda recovery unit, by determining the maximum expansion upon heating of a dry matter particle of the liquor to be fed into the soda recovery unit, and by regulating the feed and/or combustion conditions on the basis of the expansion thus determined. The measure used for the expansion is the ratio of the lignin present in the concentrated liquor to any one or several of the acids present in the concentrated liquor, such as aliphatic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for screening and treating pulp. In the invention, the pulp is screened in a screen into an accepted fraction and a rejected fraction, the rejected fraction being treated after the screening by removing water from it. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the refining process, the rejected pulp fraction is screened by means of a means (13) rotating rapidly in a reject space (12) of a screen (1) in such a manner that the rapidly rotating means (13) effects a radial flow of the fine-grained material contained in the rejected fraction outwards through a perforated wall (14) surrounding the rotating means (13) into a space (15, 15a) from where the fine-grained material is discharged.

Abstract: An arrangement for handling a drilling equipment comprising clamping jaws (11a, 11b) mounted rotatably with respect to the axis of a drill tube (8a, 8b) and a breaking device (7) mounted rotatably about the axis of the drill tube (8a, 8b) and movably in the longitudinal direction of a feed beam (3), which breaking device can be connected to the drill tube (8a, 8b) or the like unrotatably with respect thereto. To move the drill tube (8a, 8b) or the like to the drilling position and away from it, respectively, the breaking device (7) is mounted turnably about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the feed beam (3), which makes it possible to push the horizontal tube (8b) or the like into the breaking device (7) turned to the direction transverse to the feed beam (3) and to fasten it to the breaking device, after which the tube (8b) can be turned into a drilling center between a rotating mechanism (5) and the previous drill tube (8a) by moving the breaking device (7) along the feed beam (3).