Abstract: An information processing method of processing data frames flowing over an onboard network includes a frame collecting step of obtaining, from each of received data frames, a payload included in the data frame and configured of at least one field, and recording in a reception log as one record, and a field extracting step of calculating, regarding each of a plurality of payload splitting pattern candidates indicating different regions within payloads of the plurality of data frames, one or more features relating to time-sequence change of values of the payload in the region, from the plurality of records, selecting a payload splitting pattern indicating a region of a field within the payload, based on the features, and outputting field extracting results indicating the region indicated by the selected payload splitting pattern candidate, and a category of the field based on the features.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry, in operation, for each coefficient of a plurality of coefficients included in a block, determines a base level relating to Context-Based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) for the coefficient, and encodes an absolute value of the coefficient. In determining the base level, when one or more flags are used in encoding the absolute value of the coefficient, the base level is determined to be a first value, and when one or more flags are not used in the encoding, the base level is determined to be a second value that is smaller than the first value. In encoding the absolute value of the coefficient, when one or more flags are not used, a rice parameter is determined based on the base level which is equal to the second value, and the coefficient is binarized using the rice parameter.

Abstract: A travel distance calculation device is configured to: add a first distance between a first main sensor and a hub sensor to a travel distance when a person is detected by the hub sensor provided in a third space connecting a first space and a second space after the person is detected by the first main sensor provided in the first space; add a second distance between a second main sensor and the hub sensor to the travel distance when the person is detected by the hub sensor after the person is detected by the second main sensor provided in the second space; and add no third distance between the first main sensor and the second main sensor to the travel distance when the person is detected by the second main sensor after the person is detected by the first main sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure aims at allowing a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern suitable for a terminal to be selected from among a plurality of DMRS patterns including Legacy DMRS and Reduced DMRS. Disclosed is a terminal including: reception section 21 that receives uplink control information; control section 23 that determines a specific mapping pattern from among a plurality of mapping patterns for an uplink DMRS on the basis of the control information; and DMRS generating section 24 that generates a DMRS according to the specific mapping pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed are an encoder, a transmission device, and an encoding method with which the transmission amount is reduced and a deterioration in transmission efficiency is suppressed while improving reception quality when QC-LDPC or a like block encoding is used. A puncture pattern setting unit (620) searches for a puncture pattern for each integral multiple of the number of columns or for each divisor of the number of columns of a sub block matrix that forms a check matrix (H) of a QC-LDPC code, and a puncture unit (data reduction unit) (630) switches the puncture pattern for each integral multiple of the number of columns or for each divisor of the number of columns of the sub block matrix that forms the check matrix of the QC-LDPC code.

Abstract: A decoding system decodes a video stream, which is encoded video information. The decoding system includes a decoder that acquires the video steam and generates decoded video information, and a maximum luminance information acquirer that acquires, in a case where a dynamic range of luminance of the video stream is a second dynamic range that is wider than a first dynamic range, maximum luminance information indicating the maximum luminance of the video stream from the video stream. The decoding system also includes an outputter that outputs the decoded video information and the maximum luminance information. Where the dynamic range of luminance of the video stream is expressed by the maximum luminance of all pictures in the video stream as the maximum luminance information, the outputter outputs the decoded video information, along with the maximum luminance information indicating the maximum luminance of all pictures in the video stream.

Abstract: An anomaly handling method using a roadside device is disclosed. The method includes receiving, from a vehicle, an anomaly detection notification, which includes level information indicating a level affecting safety, and a location of the vehicle. The method also includes obtaining a location of the roadside device and determining whether a distance between the location of the vehicle and the location of the roadside device is within a predetermined range. When the distance is within the predetermined range and is shorter than a first predetermined distance, not changing the level information and transmitting the received anomaly detection notification externally from the one vehicle. When the distance is within the predetermined range and is longer than or equal to the first predetermined distance, changing to decrement a level indicated by the level information, and transmitting changed anomaly detection notification externally from the one vehicle.

Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus for a mobility entity and for detecting an abnormality in a network system is provided. The network system includes a first network and a second network that use different communication protocols. A first communication circuit receives state information indicating a state of the mobility entity. The state information is acquired from the second network. A second communication circuit transmits and receives a first frame according to a communication protocol used in the first network. A memory stores an abnormality detection rule. A processor detects, based on the state information and the abnormality detection rule, whether a control command included in the first frame received by the second communication circuit is abnormal. In a case where the control command is abnormal, the processor prohibits the control command from being transmitted.

Abstract: The communication apparatus comprises a receiver which, in operation, receives a PHY layer Data Unit that includes a duration field; Physical (PHY) layer circuitry which, in operation, issues a PHY-CCA (clear channel assessment) primitive parameter indicating bandwidth information on a busy or idle state for each subchannel within an operating bandwidth; and Media Access Control (MAC) circuitry which, in operation, updates a Network Allocation Vector (NAV) value based on the duration information and, in operation, determines busy/idle state of at least one subchannel, wherein the MAC circuitry, in operation, controls transmission of the HE TB PHY layer Data Unit based on the updated NAV value and the busy/idle state of the at least one subchannel, and controls the PHY circuitry to have the HE TB PHY layer Data Unit transmitted when the at least one subchannel is considered idle, regardless of whether the primary subchannel is busy or not.

Abstract: In a case where an A-BFT period is not present in a BI, a PCP/AP uses a format that includes an Unsolicited RSS Enabled sub-field for indicating support for responding to unsolicited RSSs within a CBAP, for a Beacon Interval Control field of a DMG beacon frame used for executing a BTI-ISS. For example, in a case where it is indicated that responding to unsolicited RSSs within a CBAP is supported, the PCP/AP sets the value of the Unsolicited RSS Enabled sub-field to 1. In a case where the value of the Unsolicited RSS Enabled sub-field included in a received DMG beacon frame is 1, a STA responds with an unsolicited CBAP-RSS.

Abstract: Provided is an encoder including: circuitry; and memory coupled to the circuitry. In operation, the circuitry: performs a mapping process of Luma Mapping with Chroma Scaling (LMCS) for transforming a first pixel value space applied to a luma display image signal into a second pixel value space applied to a luma encoding process signal, using line segments forming a transform curve, each of which corresponds to a different one of sections obtained by partitioning the first pixel value space; and encodes an image, and in the performing of the LMCS, the circuitry determines the transform curve so that among boundary values in the second pixel value space, a first value obtained by dividing a boundary value by a base width defined according to a bit depth of the image is not equal to a second value obtained by dividing another boundary value by the base width.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a user equipment in a mobile communication system. The UE comprises processing circuitry, which determines whether the UE, being located in a first radio access network notification area, first RNA, is moving to a second radio access network notification area, second RNA, different from the first RNA. The UE is in an inactive state out of an idle state, a connected state and the inactive state the user equipment can be in. The UE further comprises a transmitter, which transmits identification information on the first RNA to a second radio base station of the second RNA, when determining that the UE is moving to the second RNA. The UE further comprises a receiver which receives from the second radio base station UE related context information usable by the UE to exchange uplink and downlink data with the second radio base station.

Abstract: A system for managing a transaction of an item between first and second users includes a first lock attached to the item, a storage unit having a second lock attached thereto and physically storing the item, and a processor that manages a first privilege to open the first lock and a second privilege to open the second lock. The processor performs management so that a holder of the first and second privileges is the first user. Upon receiving, from the storage unit, information indicating the second lock being opened, the processor performs management so that a first transaction is concluded in which the first user tentatively receives the item from the second user. Upon receiving, from the first lock, information indicating the first lock being opened, the processor performs management so that a second transaction is concluded in which the first user inspects the item and finally receives the item.

Abstract: An encoder partitions into blocks using a set of block partition modes. The set of block partition modes includes a first partition mode for partitioning a first block, and a second block partition mode for partitioning a second block which is one of blocks obtained after the first block is partitioned. When the number of partitions of the first block partition mode is three, the second block is a center block among the blocks obtained after partitioning the first block, and the partition direction of the second block partition mode is same as the partition direction of the first block partition mode, the second block partition mode indicates that the number of partitions is only three. A parameter for identifying the second block partition mode includes a first flag indicating a horizontal or vertical partition direction, and does not include a second flag indicating the number of partitions.

Abstract: Provided is a data protection method which includes: receiving transaction data which includes a first hash value obtained from history information of a home; obtaining, from a data server, a second hash value computed by the data server performing computation processing on encrypted history information without decrypting the encrypted history information, the encrypted history information being history information of the home encrypted using a secure computation method which enables computation without decrypting the encrypted history information, the encrypted history information being obtained from the home; verifying the transaction data, and determining whether the first hash value and the second hash value match; and when a validity of the transaction data is verified and the first hash value and the second hash value match, recording the transaction data in a distributed ledger.

Abstract: A repetition unit (212) performs a repetition for mapping a data signal and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) repeatedly at a symbol level over a plurality of subframes. A signal allocation unit (213) maps, in the a plurality of subframes, the repeated DMRS to symbols other than symbols corresponding to an SRS resource candidate, which is a candidate for a resource to which a sounding reference signal (SRS) to be used to measure an uplink received signal quality is to be mapped. A transmission unit (216) transmits an uplink signal (PUSCH) including the DMRS and the data signal over the a plurality of subframes.

Abstract: A gateway connected to a bus, a bus, and the like used by a plurality of electronic control units for communication includes a frame communication unit that receives a frame, a transfer control unit that removes verification information used to verify a frame from the content of the frame received by the frame communication unit and transfers the frame to a destination bus or that adds verification information to the content of the frame and transfers the frame to the destination bus, and the like.

Abstract: An encoding method according to the present disclosure includes: inputting three-dimensional data including three-dimensional coordinate data to a deep neural network (DNN); encoding the three-dimensional data by the DNN to generate encoded three-dimensional data; and outputting the encoded three-dimensional data.

Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. The circuitry, in response to a first reconstructed image sample being located outside a virtual boundary, duplicates a reconstructed sample located inside and adjacent to the virtual boundary to generate the first reconstructed image sample. The circuitry generates a first coefficient value by applying a CCALF (cross component adaptive loop filtering) process to the first reconstructed image sample of a luma component. The circuitry generates a second coefficient value by applying an ALF (adaptive loop filtering) process to a second reconstructed image sample of a chroma component. The circuitry generates a third coefficient value by adding the first coefficient value to the second coefficient value, and encodes a third reconstructed image sample of the chroma component using the third coefficient value.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a processor. The processor obtains an input image, inputs the input image to a machine learning model that executes classification likelihood calculation processing to obtain, for each of candidate objects in the input image, likelihoods of belonging to the plurality of classes, executes first determination on whether or not each of the candidate objects is classified as a first class of the plurality of classes using a likelihood of belonging to the first class that is a likelihood having a negative correlation with likelihoods of belonging to other classes, executes second determination on whether or not each of the candidate objects that have been determined in the first determination as a non-first class is classified as the other classes, and outputting a result of classifying the candidate objects included in the input image using a result of the second determination.