Abstract: Some embodiments described herein relate to optical systems and methods for determining the shape and/or size of objects that include projecting a pattern of light onto the object. The pattern of light can be configured such that first-order reflections can be distinguished from second- and/or higher-order reflections, which can be rejected. Thus, even in instances in which the pattern of light is reflected onto the object multiple times, the original, or first-order, reflection can be detected, distinguished, and/or used for laser triangulation. In some embodiments, a pattern of light that does not have reflection and/or rotational symmetry is projected onto the object, such that second-order and/or higher-order reflections can be distinguished from the first-order reflection.

Abstract: Some embodiments described herein relate to optical systems and methods for determining the shape and/or size of objects that include projecting a pattern of light onto the object. The pattern of light can be configured such that first-order reflections can be distinguished from second- and/or higher-order reflections, which can be rejected. Thus, even in instances in which the pattern of light is reflected onto the object multiple times, the original, or first-order, reflection can be detected, distinguished, and/or used for laser triangulation. In some embodiments, a pattern of light that does not have reflection and/or rotational symmetry is projected onto the object, such that second-order and/or higher-order reflections can be distinguished from the first-order reflection.

Abstract: Some embodiments described herein relate to optical systems and methods for determining the shape and/or size of objects that include projecting a pattern of light onto the object. The pattern of light can be configured such that first-order reflections can be distinguished from second- and/or higher-order reflections, which can be rejected. Thus, even in instances in which the pattern of light is reflected onto the object multiple times, the original, or first-order, reflection can be detected, distinguished, and/or used for laser triangulation. In some embodiments, a pattern of light that does not have reflection and/or rotational symmetry is projected onto the object, such that second-order and/or higher-order reflections can be distinguished from the first-order reflection.

Abstract: An autonomous vehicle capable of determining its position in a space through improved communications with beacons is disclosed. The autonomous vehicle utilizes time of flight as well and angular information to determine position, and is capable of intelligent interaction with the beacons.

Abstract: A turf device driven by a traction drum. The traction unit is connected to the tool by an articulable joint which allows the traction unit to rotate horizontally (yaw) and vertically (pitch), as well as roll side-to-side in relation to the tool. The articulation allows the tool and the traction unit to follow undulations in the terrain separately and allows the mobile object to turn by yawing the traction member in relation to the tool.