Abstract: A system for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace in a SCNR process includes at least one injection distribution module (IDM) for supplying water to a plurality of injection lances, metering valves for supplying a NOx reducing agent to the plurality of injection lances, wherein the reagent injection rate of each injection lance is controlled by one metering valve such that a reagent concentration in each injection lance is adjustable and variable from one another. A method for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace includes providing at least one IDM, and for each IDM, providing a plurality of injection lances in communication with the IDM, supplying water to the plurality of injection lances through the IDM and supplying a NOx reducing agent through metering valves, wherein each metering valve controls the reagent injection rate to one injection lance.

Abstract: A system for vaporizing and optionally decomposing a reagent, such as aqueous ammonia or urea, which is useful for NOx reduction, includes a cyclonic decomposition duct, wherein the duct at its inlet end is connected to an air inlet port and a reagent injection lance. The air inlet port is in a tangential orientation to the central axis of the duct. The system further includes a metering valve for controlling the reagent injection rate. A method for vaporizing and optionally decomposing a reagent includes providing a cyclonic decomposition duct which is connected to an air inlet port and an injection lance, introducing hot gas through the air inlet port in a tangential orientation to the central axis of the duct, injecting the reagent axially through the injection lance into the duct; and adjusting the reagent injection rate through a metering valve.

Abstract: In a large exhaust duct from a lean burn combustion source, such as a boiler, diesel engine or gas turbine, multiple injectors can be used to inject a reagent, such as an aqueous solution of urea or ammonia, into the exhaust for use in the catalytic reduction of NOx in a process known in the art as selective catalytic reduction (SCR). When operating at low injection rates, such as during low combustor loads, the injectors are operated individually for short periods of time in a sequential manner.

Abstract: A system for vaporizing and optionally decomposing a reagent, such as aqueous ammonia or urea, which is useful for NOx reduction, includes a cyclonic decomposition duct, wherein the duct at its inlet end is connected to an air inlet port and a reagent injection lance. The air inlet port is in a tangential orientation to the central axis of the duct. The system further includes a metering valve for controlling the reagent injection rate. A method for vaporizing and optionally decomposing a reagent includes providing a cyclonic decomposition duct which is connected to an air inlet port and an injection lance, introducing hot gas through the air inlet port in a tangential orientation to the central axis of the duct, injecting the reagent axially through the injection lance into the duct; and adjusting the reagent injection rate through a metering valve.

Abstract: A lean burn combustion source includes a first side stream comprising an inlet and an outlet, both positioned downstream of a furnace and upstream of a particulate control device, and a second side stream comprising: an inlet positioned downstream of the particulate control device and upstream of the catalyst, a heat exchanger section passing through the first side stream, whereby heat from hot exhaust gas flowing through the first side stream is transferred to hot exhaust gas flowing through the second side stream, an injector positioned in the second side stream injecting aqueous based reagent into the hot exhaust gas flowing through the second side stream such that the aqueous based reagent decomposes to ammonia gas, and an outlet in fluid communication with a reagent distribution device positioned in the primary exhaust gas stream downstream of the particulate control device and upstream of the catalyst.

Abstract: A method for reducing NOx emissions in the exhaust of a combined cycle gas turbine equipped with a heat recovery boiler and a catalyst effective for NOx reduction, wherein a slip stream of hot flowing exhaust gases is withdrawn from the primary gas flow after the catalyst at a temperature of 500° F. to 900° F. and directed through a fan to a continuous duct into which an aqueous based reagent is injected for decomposition to ammonia gas and the outlet of the continuous duct is connected to an injection grid positioned in the primary exhaust for injection of ammonia gas into the primary exhaust stream at a location upstream of the catalyst.

Abstract: A method of reducing NOx emissions from a lean burn combustion source employs an aqueous solution of reagent that is injected into a continuous decomposition duct at a rate of 0.2-10 gph with a flowing side stream of hot gas at a rate of 150-3000 scfm and a temperature of greater than 700° F. in the decomposition duct such that the aqueous reagent is converted to ammonia gas that is conveyed by the continuous decomposition duct to an ammonia injection grid that is placed in a primary exhaust stream from the combustion source upstream of a NOx reducing catalyst and NOx is reduced.

Abstract: A method for reducing NOx emissions from a lean burn combustor equipped with a NOx reducing exhaust catalyst, includes at least the following steps: (i) generating a computer based model of the geometry of an exhaust system of the combustor; (ii) computing at least one of flue gas velocity profiles and mass flow stream lines for exhaust gas flow through the exhaust system; (iii) inputting injector data comprising at least droplet size and velocity; (iv) modeling droplet trajectories for a plurality of injector locations; (v) modeling at least one flow conditioning device in the exhaust system; and (vi) manipulating the computer based model until an injector location is identified that provides a predicted root mean square (RMS) of reagent at the face of the catalyst that is less than 15%.

Abstract: A filter cartridge which includes a filter medium having a cylindrical segment shape and a channel disposed within the filter medium for receiving fluid filtered through the filter medium. A method of increasing a filter medium surface area of a filter or lowering pressure drop across the filter that has a plurality of filter cartridges disposed in a filter vessel. The method includes removing at least one filter cartridge from the filter vessel and replacing the removed filter cartridge with a filter cartridge that includes a filter medium having a cylindrical segment shape. The latter filter cartridge also includes a channel disposed within the filter medium for receiving fluid filtered through the filter medium.

Abstract: An enhanced vane bundle design that provides additional inlet chord area. An enhanced vane bundle for use in separator vessels includes top and bottom convexly-curved outlet baffles that extend horizontally from the outlet-side of the vane pack, the outlet baffles including a plurality of corresponding holes. The enhanced vane bundle further includes curved plates affixed to the convexly-curved outlet baffles, the curved plates and the convexly-curved outlet baffles define vertical pockets that extend vertically through an entirety of an outlet chord area on an outlet side of the enhanced vane bundle. The enhanced vane bundle further includes a plurality of tubes connecting the corresponding holes of the outlet baffles and extending vertically through the entirety of the outlet chord area.

Abstract: Methods for retrofitting vaporizers to have lances of a different cross sectional shape than lances previously installed in the vaporizers without having to carry out extensive modifications to manifolds that are attached to the lances or without using coupling tubes that transition from a first cross sectional shape to a second cross sectional shape. Plated lances for retrofitting a vaporizer. The plated lances include lances connected to a plate having an orifice configured so that fluid flows through the orifice into a lumen of the lance.

Abstract: An enhanced vane bundle design that provides additional inlet chord area. An enhanced vane bundle for use in separator vessels includes top and bottom convexly-curved outlet baffles that extend horizontally from the outlet-side of the vane pack, the outlet baffles including a plurality of corresponding holes. The enhanced vane bundle further includes curved plates affixed to the convexly-curved outlet baffles, the curved plates and the convexly-curved outlet baffles define vertical pockets that extend vertically through an entirety of an outlet chord area on an outlet side of the enhanced vane bundle. The enhanced vane bundle further includes a plurality of tubes connecting the corresponding holes of the outlet baffles and extending vertically through the entirety of the outlet chord area.

Abstract: An enhanced vane bundle design that provides additional inlet chord area. An enhanced vane bundle for use in separator vessels includes top and bottom convexly-curved outlet baffles that extend horizontally from the outlet-side of the vane pack, the outlet baffles including a plurality of corresponding holes. The enhanced vane bundle further includes curved plates affixed to the convexly-curved outlet baffles, the curved plates and the convexly-curved outlet baffles define vertical pockets that extend vertically through an entirety of an outlet chord area on an outlet side of the enhanced vane bundle. The enhanced vane bundle further includes a plurality of tubes connecting the corresponding holes of the outlet baffles and extending vertically through the entirety of the outlet chord area.

Abstract: A vaporizer including injection lances disposed within a vessel for injecting a substance such as liquid or heating media, into the vessel. The lances are configured for removal from the vessel through at least one of multiple orifices in the wall of the vessel. The orifices are configured to have lances extending through them into the vessel. The configuration of the vaporizer facilitates performing maintenance or making changes to the lances without the need to take the vaporizer out of service.

Abstract: A filter cartridge which includes a filter medium having a cylindrical segment shape and a channel disposed within the filter medium for receiving fluid filtered through the filter medium. A method of increasing a filter medium surface area of a filter or lowering pressure drop across the filter that has a plurality of filter cartridges disposed in a filter vessel. The method includes removing at least one filter cartridge from the filter vessel and replacing the removed filter cartridge with a filter cartridge that includes a filter medium having a cylindrical segment shape. The latter filter cartridge also includes a channel disposed within the filter medium for receiving fluid filtered through the filter medium.

Abstract: A number of pocketed apparatus for separating various materials are described. A pocketed cyclonic separator that includes a cyclone chamber, which includes interior chamber walls, an inlet connected to the cyclone chamber, and one or more pocket separators, located on the interior chamber walls, is described. A substance may be introduced through the inlet into the cyclone chamber so as to create a rotational force sufficient to generate a cyclone in the cyclone chamber. Forces generated by the cyclone will cause heavier material in the substance to move towards the interior chamber walls when in use. The one or more pocket separators define one or more pockets that trap heavier material in the substance when in use.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system is defined that uses the measured concentration of reactant slip in the exhaust gas after SCR processing to control the amount of reactant injected during non-steady-state operational conditions. The SCR system works with a reactant slip detector located in the post-SCR processing section of the exhaust flue. The reactant slip detector measures the concentration of reactant in the exhaust gases and, based on that concentration, the amount of reactant injected into the pre-SCR processing exhaust gases is controlled.

Abstract: An integrated exhaust gas cooling system and method, including an expansion joint linking the system to an upstream source of exhaust gas and a pre-oxidation section through which exhaust gas travels. A hot temperature zone in which the exhaust gas is maintained at a temperature optimal for an oxidation process extends through the pre-oxidation section. An oxidation catalyst in the hot temperature zone is provided. The exhaust gas passes through the oxidation catalyst. Oxidized exhaust gas passes a post-oxidation section downstream of the oxidation catalyst. A tempering air stream is injected into the post-oxidation section to create a cool temperature zone in which the oxidized exhaust gas is cooled below the temperature in the hot temperature zone and to a temperature optimal for a reduction process. The system includes a reduction catalyst in the cool temperature zone through which the oxidized exhaust gas passes.

Abstract: An integrated exhaust gas cooling system and method, including an expansion joint linking the system to an upstream source of exhaust gas and a pre-oxidation section through which exhaust gas travels. A hot temperature zone in which the exhaust gas is maintained at a temperature optimal for an oxidation process extends through the pre-oxidation section. An oxidation catalyst in the hot temperature zone is provided. The exhaust gas passes through the oxidation catalyst. Oxidized exhaust gas passes a post-oxidation section downstream of the oxidation catalyst. A tempering air stream is injected into the post-oxidation section to create a cool temperature zone in which the oxidized exhaust gas is cooled below the temperature in the hot temperature zone and to a temperature optimal for a reduction process. The system includes a reduction catalyst in the cool temperature zone through which the oxidized exhaust gas passes.