Abstract: A stripping apparatus is described for the gas-solid separation process in a fluidized bed in a counter-current flow of a stripping fluid. The apparatus includes sets of perforated baffle-plates with holes, fixed in series, alternating central and lateral plates inside a stripping chamber. The holes in the baffle-plates, in number, size and in circular or elliptical lay-out, are oriented in offset position in relation to the holes in the parallel and subsequent baffle-plates, reducing the damage of erosion on the perforated baffle-plates and optimizing stripping of the fluidized solid particles.

Abstract: A modular system used to visually inspect the interior of storage tanks and to simultaneously collect samples to analyze the products stored. The modular internal inspection system includes an assembly made up by a pneumatic controller (2), a pneumatic module (3), an interface module (4), a control module (5), an operation module (6), and several connection cables (7a, 7b, 7c). The system may be remotely operated and allows recording the images and the data collected during inspection. The modular internal tank inspection system is used in storage tanks (1) of any geometric configuration, normally found in industrial installations. Furthermore, because it is an intrinsically secure system, it may be used on tanks that store different types of liquid fuels, with no risk of explosion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a restrictive seal of the labyrinth type of reduced external size. The invention has an inner deflector which is capable of retaining the lubricating oil within the bearing housing with great efficiency, and a highly accurate system for adjusting and aligning the elements of the labyrinths, ensuring an infinite service life. Because it has very much smaller external dimensions it can be applied as a replacement to the lip seals commonly in use without causing problems to accessory equipment connected to a pump.

Abstract: A process for the selective hydrodesulfurization of a naphtha containing olefins and organosulfur compounds is disclosed, which minimizes the hydrogenation of the olefins and results in a product with a low sulfur content. The process involves a two-stage hydrodesulfurization with H2S removed from the first stage effluent. A flow of hydrogen and at least one added non-reactive compound is fed into the first stage, wherein the H2 molar fraction ranges from 0.2 to 1.0, and with H2S at the reactor intake limited to a maximum of 0.1% by volume. The second stage involves a feedstream of hydrogen and at least one added non-reactive compound, wherein the H2 molar fraction ranges from 0.2 to 0.7 and with H2S at the reactor intake limited to a maximum of 0.05% by volume.

Abstract: A process for the selective hydrodesulfurization of naphtha streams containing olefins and organosulfur compounds that minimizes olefin hydrogenation and results in a reduced sulfur content product. This is attained by two-stage hydrodesulfurization and H2S removal from the first stage effluent, with the first reaction stage catalyst being a more active HDS catalyst than the second reaction stage catalyst. Hydrogen and a non-reactive compound are fed to the first stage, with the H2 mole fraction in the mixture of H2 and non-reactive compound being from 0.2 to 1.0. H2S at the reactor inlet is limited to not more than 0.1% by volume. Hydrogen and a non-reactive compound are fed to the second reaction stage, the H2 mole fraction in the mixture of H2 and non-reactive compound being from 0.2 to 0.7. H2S at the reactor inlet is limited to not more than 0.05% by volume.

Abstract: A deep water high capacity anchoring system in which the fixing of an anchor structure under compact layers of ocean soil is reached by jetting fluid in rising directions and, simultaneously in a radial and/or perpendicular direction to the external surfaces of said anchor structure injected from its lower extremity, thus guaranteeing anchoring of large size floating structures, related to the petroleum industry, such as stationary production units and oil drilling platforms.

Abstract: This invention belongs to the field of catalysts for the transesterification of triglycerides, for the production of fatty acid glycerin and esters. This invention describes preparatory methods using solid catalysts and the formulation of these catalysts for the production of fatty acid esters, glycerin, and specifically, biodiesel through the heterogeneous transesterification reaction of triglycerides present in vegetable oils and fats, like soy, cotton seed, canola, castor, peanut oils and animal fat. The solid catalysts of this invention are sufficiently magnetic to use in the production of biodiesel from vegetable oils and fats, not only because they work in a similar fashion as state of the art catalysts, but also because of the low cost of the raw materials used in its production. The invention even describes the composition obtained by using the catalysts, in which the purity of the products, such as biodiesel and glycerin is greater than 96.5%.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved freestanding hybrid riser system (FHRS) with new component configurations at the interfaces at the top (3) and bottom (5) ends of the vertical section of the riser (1) in comparison with configurations already installed by the industry. This proposed invention also describes a method for installation of the proposed FHRS which makes it possible to use vessels which are more available on the world market and therefore to bring about improved technical and operational gains.

Abstract: A process is described for fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons with high levels of basic nitrogen, where hydrocarbon feedstocks A and B with different levels of basic nitrogen are injected in a segregated fashion, into different risers of a multiple riser FCCU that possesses at least two risers. The injection of the feedstocks is made in such a way that feedstock A, to be injected in the riser with greater volume—main riser 7—possessing a level of basic nitrogen at least 200 ppm lower than the level of feedstock B to be injected into the riser with lower volume—secondary riser (8).

Abstract: A process for the fluid catalytic cracking of mixed hydrocarbon feeds from different sources is described, such as feeds A and B of different crackability, the process being especially directed to obtaining light fractions such as LPG and comprising injecting feed A in the base of the riser reactive section and feed B, of lower crackability, at a height between 10% and 80% of the riser, with feed B comprising between 5% and 50% of the total processed feed. The process requires that the feeds present differences in the contaminant content, improved dispersion of feeds A and B and feed B injection temperature same or higher than that of feed A.

Abstract: A multiphase multifunctional reactor, system and method is described which has the capacity to effect extractive oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and unstable unsaturated compounds that are present in raw hydrocarbon streams, in such a way that the reaction conditions are adjusted and avoid losses of yield of the treated hydrocarbon in the stages of the extraction and/or absorption. The objective is achieved by means of the conception of a reactor which comprises a column divided into five sections which can be classified as two reaction sections (1, 2) two decantation sections (3, 4) and an inert gas section (5) under pressure.

Abstract: A system 100 is described for the treatment of multiphase residues having unlimited content of water, oil and solids to obtain hydrocarbons and other products, said system comprising multiphase residue feed system 10, inert gas system 20 and reduced pressure system 30, tubular reactor 40 provided with three heating zones Z-1, Z-2 and Z-3 with a temperature gradient and transportation helicoid 42 to displace the residue mass throughout the reaction zones, the hydrocarbon products and water being collected in a system 60 of condensers 61, 62 and 63 linked to a system 70 of bubbling vessels 71, 72 and 73, reactor 40 being operated in the sealed mode and being provided with a multiphase residue inlet 43 and exit 44 of solid product. The solid product is collected in a system 50 comprising upper valve 51 and lower valve 52, and intermediate silo 53 and then directed to post-treatment system 90 for activation aiming at industrial utilization. The process using the system 100 of the invention is also described.

Abstract: A fiber and a process for obtaining same from a high-modulus polyethylene, extrudable in state-of-the-art equipment and in the absence of previous solubilization in any kind of organic solvent is described, the process comprising providing such a polyethylene, introducing it in a state-of-the-art extruder, extruding it according to a temperature pattern, obtaining an extrudate that is directed to a cooling bath to have its temperature reduced, then directing the extrudate to a first stretcher where it is stretched or drawn into a fiber of improved tenacity, at a first velocity v1, then heating the fiber at nearly 90° C. and then directing said fiber to a second stretcher to be drawn at a final velocity v2, wherein v1<v2, at a draw ratio of 2/1 until 65/1. The tenacity of the polyethylene fiber obtained by the said process attains at least 4 gf/den, which makes it useful to naval and offshore applications.

Abstract: This invention comprises a system for measurement of temperature and pressure in oil wells. It comprises a single hybrid mandrel housing a double pressure and temperature optical sensor, capable of measuring temperature and pressure both in the ring and in the production tubing of an oil well and an insertable venturi tube inserted in the direction of a pressure differential optical sensor, capable of taking flow rate measurements, the installation aspects of which are substantially simplified. With the proposed construction, it is possible for one single hybrid mandrel (30) to read the pressure and temperature in the ring and tubing and the flow rate. With this, changes of flow rate are also possible, without the need to stop production for long periods for the hybrid mandrel (30) to be replaced, the mere replacement of the insertable venturi (12) sufficing, by means of an insertion and extraction GS tool (17), which is an operation requiring a much shorter time.

Abstract: This invention describes a process for the distillation of decanted oil to improve the efficiency of the production of pitches having excellent physical and chemical properties through the development of a distillation process which basically comprises the introduction of a stage of condensation of light volatile compounds derived from distillation of the decanted oil, causing these light compounds to be recycled to the hot zone of the still and react with the raw material acting as a solvent phase which has a lower viscosity than the reaction system, within a particular temperature range and for a particular time.

Abstract: A system for sealing the legs of two stages of cyclones in series used in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, comprising a terminal leg configuration, which is devoid of moving parts and makes use of a long-radius curve, and which changes the flow direction of the descending mass flow of catalyst in dense phase into a plane orthogonal to the ascending gaseous flow. This prevents the entry of gaseous phase inside the leg, and promotes efficient sealing and preventing the “packing-down” of the dense bed of particulates.

Abstract: A system and method for carrying out simultaneous operations of assembling, dismantling, and maintaining equipment installed by an oil rig, using the tools, systems, and the areas available on the rig itself. The system includes two parallel and separated sustaining beams and two mobile bases supported on the beams to carry out the simultaneous operations. This system allows a method for simultaneously assembling two items of subsea equipment which are to be installed to be performed. Also, this system allows a method for simultaneously replacing and assembling subsea equipment to be performed. Additionally, the equipment can be lowered or recovered using either a derrick and pipe string or a winch and steel cable.

Abstract: Diesel cycle fuel compositions are described containing at least one dianhydrohexitol compound according to the general formula 2 and/or its derived hydrocarbyl ethers or nitric ethers compounds, where the R? and R? substituents are both H or one or both of R? and R? is alkyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl, or one or both are —NO2. A preferred fuel composition is that containing dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) added or not of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) as ignition improver. The dianhydrohexitols compounds form compositions with at least one of the components selected among petroleum-derived diesel fuel, biodiesel, ethanol and water. The mixture of DMI and ISDN has excellent cetane number (IQT). Still, the oxygenated nature of the dianhydrohexitols and related compounds of the fuel compositions inhibits soot formation upon burning of the said Diesel cycle fuel compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of ethene, CO, and hydrogen in a reactor with a circulating fluidized bed with two independent sections, from feedstocks that contain hydrocarbons with at least 11 carbon atoms or from feedstocks with a high oxygen content, using a catalyst in particulate form. The method teaches that in one of the sections of the reactor, in the absence of oxygen, a catalyst containing a dehydrogenation metal promotes the cracking of the said feedstocks, facilitating the subsequent endothermic reactions. In the other section, the coke is burned with air and the heating of the catalyst is controlled, for the adjustment of the appropriate amount of energy that the heated catalyst will convey to the section in which the endothermic reactions take place. The total ethene yield of the process according to the present invention is approximately 20% by weight in relation to the feedstock.

Abstract: This invention relates to a restrictive seal of the labyrinth type of reduced external size. The invention has an inner deflector which is capable of retaining the lubricating oil within the bearing housing with great efficiency, and a highly accurate system for adjusting and aligning the elements of the labyrinths, ensuring an infinite service life. Because it has very much smaller external dimensions it can be applied as a replacement to the lip seals commonly in use without causing problems to accessory equipment connected to a pump.