Abstract: A process to prepare multi-metal materials based on transition metals, using co-precipitation of mixed compound from solutions containing the metals, more specifically a process to prepare multi-metal materials based on transition metals, using co-precipitation, preferably seeking a condition of formation of a gel, from the mixture of precursor solutions containing the metals. The parameters of the process are set in such a way that the material is able to be molded by extrusion, obtaining extruded material with superior physico chemical properties, which may be used as an adsorbent, a catalyst or catalyst support, or even as filler in the reactor or column.

Abstract: A process to prepare new catalysts made from mixed metal oxides of transition metals, which involves the preparation of precursors and synthesis of these materials in oxide form from the preparation of a sol-gel formed from inorganic salts of these metals. An advance in the preparation of these catalysts made of mixed transition metal carbides and nitrides is proposed, providing an alternative way to the process of synthesis by solid-state reaction. The final product, in extruded form, has textural and mechanical properties superior to those obtained by the known techniques in the state of the art, and with better catalytic activity for hydrotreatment reactions.

Abstract: An optical transducer 100, 200 and method for the simultaneous measurement of downhole pressure and temperature in a single- or multi-point configuration including a body 10a/10b with an elastic membrane 50 onto which at least one Bragg grating 60a/60b is attached, and at least an additional Bragg grating 60b/60a contained on the same optical fiber 30. The elastic membrane 50 conveys strain proportional to the pressure and temperature conditions to which is submitted said transducer to at least one Bragg grating 60a/60b, the portion of light not reflected by the Bragg gratings 60a, 60b continues along the remaining of the optical fiber 30.

Abstract: The process described by this invention involves the hydroconversion of vegetable oils appropriately selected for the production of N-paraffins, through hydrotreatment of a stream of vegetable hydrocarbon oils in and/or natural fats that may be used in a pure state or in a mixture with mineral hydrocarbon oil. This mixture flow is submitted to the process of hydrotreatment, obtaining as a result, a product flow with an elevated content of N-paraffins in the range of C10-C-13. This process provides an alternative to the usual process that uses a mineral hydrocarbon oil load (petroleum kerosene of paraffin base) to produce C10-C13 N-paraffins that are raw materials for the production of detergents (LAB), being, therefore, especially advantageous for use in situations where kerosene is a limiting factor for producing N-paraffins, resulting in a product of good quality with a reasonable gain in the production of N-paraffins.

Abstract: Compositions of oil-based biodegradable drilling fluids are described, the compositions comprising an oil phase composed by methyl esters of soybean oil fatty acids, an aqueous phase finely dispersed in the oil phase by specific emulsifiers and several other additives having specific functions for providing suitable performance to the finished drilling fluid composition. The process to manufacture the inverted emulsion and the drilling process that employs the compositions of the invention are described too.

Abstract: A slip joint is described, with sliding ring and gasket seal, made of metal covered rings with a resilient core that is heat resistant to temperatures up to 600° C., applicable in a solid-gas separation closed cyclonic system in a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The set of gaskets (5) and sliding ring (4) make the differential thermal dilatations, longitudinal and axial, compatible between the concentric outlets, (2a) and (2b), interlinked, and reduces to a minimum the passage of gas and steam through the annular space (3).

Abstract: A stripping apparatus for desorbing gases from solid particles through which flows counter-currently a stripping fluid is described, which comprises a series of sets of at least two parallel, segmented, baffle plates each, with the segmented baffles being oriented so that the rows are offset relative to rows of other levels, where the thickness and separation of said sets of baffles is so dimensioned as to reduce coalescence of the size of the formed bubbles and optimize the hydrocarbons desorption from said fluidized solid particles. The solid particles are mainly spent catalyst particles from a FCC process. The stripping process to be carried out in a fluidized bed comprises contacting the spent catalyst with a stripping fluid that flows upwardly in the fluidized bed in the form of bubbles. Adsorbed hydrocarbons present in the spent catalyst are transferred from the catalyst emulsion that flows downwardly to the upwardly moving bubbles, so as to promote the efficient recovery of cracked products.

Abstract: A tropicalized petroleum sector cut-off valve gear box system and its respective method of application are described. The system involves the conversion of any gear box model with cut-off valves used in the petroleum industry, into tropicalized gear boxes, so as to allow total preventative maintenance with no need for interruptions on production lines.

Abstract: A fiber optics differential pressure transducer (100, 200, 300, 400) containing Bragg networks (118), said transducer being used to measure the differential pressure in a Venturi installed inside a pipe (1), through which a fluid like oil is displaced. The transducer comprises a body (110, 230, 360, 410) of different geometries and a diaphragm (2), at least one Bragg network (118) being attached on each of the surfaces of the same. The diaphragm (2) is placed parallel or transversal to the transducer's body (100, 200, 300, 400). The transducer (200) is isolated from the process fluid by flexible mechanical seals (201) which transmit the pressure up to surfaces of the diaphragm (2). The transducer (300, 400) is provided with two relief microvalves for the purpose of protecting the sensor [diaphragms (2)] in overpressure events.

Abstract: An apparatus uses at least one injection pump (9) positioned in proximity to an undersea petroleum well (10) to provide hydraulic fluid for hydraulic pumping equipment positioned in the bottom of the well, in order to cause a flow of produced oil. The injection pump (9) is able to suction hydraulic fluid from a tank of hydraulic fluid (8) positioned on the deck of a service unit (40). Alternatively, injection pump (9) is able to utilize water from the sea as a hydraulic fluid. Alternatively, the injection pump (9) may be integral with a Christmas tree manifold (6) or may be installed in an auxiliary well (90) in order that it's external portion does not enter into contact with seawater.

Abstract: An optical fiber pH sensor 100, 200, 300 is described, where a transducer mechanically couples a Bragg grating to a pH-sensitive hydrogel, said sensor comprising a central part 110, 210, 301 where are placed the optical fiber 121 containing a Bragg grating 122, the pH-sensitive hydrogel set of discs 130, and the mechanical transducer which is a spring 123 a beam 215 or still the optical fiber itself 121, the mechanical transducer assuring the strain on the Bragg grating 122. The change in hydrogel hydrodynamic volume resulting from a change of the pH of the medium introduces a force that is sufficient to cause a strain in the Bragg grating. The measure of the pH change is retrieved using the usual techniques for wavelength measurement. The pH sensor 100, 200, 300 of the invention is useful for the indirect evaluation and control of corrosion in petroleum wells and is suitable for multiplexing with other optical fiber sensors measuring the same or different parameters.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process to obtain zeolites more resistant to calcination in the presence of water vapor at high temperatures, which is a characteristic condition found during the catalyst regeneration in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC). One apply the invention to high silica-alumina ratio (SAR) zeolites, for instance the ZSM-5 zeolite, which are able to crack only short hydrocarbon molecules, with normal or slightly branched carbon chain, and which are also able to increase considerably the yields of olefins and LPG. Through the combination of mild pre-calcination and phosphorous deposition one obtain a zeolite which presents higher catalytic activity than zeolites non treated or treated through other processes of the state-of-technique.

Abstract: A fluid flow inversion chamber comprises a spray nozzle (3) which has a coaxial configuration of feed flow (12) and steam flow (11) streams capable of providing increased contact of the two streams within the reaction zone, and, as a consequence of the inversion of the coaxial configuration of feed flow (12) and steam flow (11) streams, avoids the formation of coke, which facilitates inspection and replacement of nozzles worn by erosion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mandrel for a gas lift valve which comprises an elongated body provided with means of connection at its ends. The body is provided with a side pocket (17) and a side receptacle (16) in the interior of which may be housed a gas lift valve (13) which injects gas into the interior of the body of the mandrel for the gas lift valve (15) by means of orifices (22) positioned in a nose (18). The mandrel for the gas lift valve (15) comprises additionally a lower body (23) provided on the lower part of the valve receptacle (16) of the mandrel of the side pocket (15) in that the lower body (23) is configured in a manner to seal the lower part of the valve receptacle (16) to form a chamber (24) and the lower body is provided with at least one injection orifice to inject gas into the interior of the body of the mandrel of the gas lift valve (15).

Abstract: A FCC process for the maximization of medium distillates from feedstocks of different sources, by the contact of the feedstock which circulates in a riser reactor together with a fine particulate catalyst from a regenerator (6), under FCC conditions of maximum LCO, at temperatures between about 480° C. and about 520° C.

Abstract: A selective catalytic cracking process of natural gas liquid fraction to light olefins and other products is described, the process includes placing in contact (within a reaction zone) said liquid fraction of natural gas, rich in C5+ paraffins, with an MFI type zeolitic catalyst in acid form, having a pore size of at least 4 Angstroms, a silica/alumina ratio of between 10 and 2000, and where the processing conditions involve a temperature of between 350° C. and 650° C., space velocity of between 2 and 100 h?1 and atmospheric pressure, and afterwards carrying out the catalytic cracking to separate products, to recover a product enriched with light olefins, LPG fractions, and aromatics, and where the production of olefins is favored in conditions of higher space velocities, while the production of LPG fractions and aromatics are favored in conditions of lowered space velocities.

Abstract: A process for the selective controlled reduction of the relative water permeability in high permeability, oil-bearing formations, with negligible reduction of the permeability to oil. The process comprises, for sandstone reservoir rocks, a first layer of cationic polymer, followed by a brine spacer slug and a second polymer layer made up of a suspension of anionic polymer and an anionic or non-ionic microgel, optionally this configuration being repeated. As a result the thickness of the polymer layer is considerably increased, which permits the process to be used in high permeability formations. For limestone rocks the first layer is made up of anionic polymer, while the second layer involves a suspension of cationic polymer/cationic or non-ionic microgel. The polymers are all injected as aqueous suspensions in brine or seawater.

Abstract: A process to reduce acidity of hydrocarbon mixtures (1) is described, that includes sending a hydrocarbon stream to a Microwave Treatment Unit (MTU), with a fixed stream or mud bed of microwave absorbent materials, pure or in mixtures, such as coke fines, spent catalysts that have already been used in FCC units or hydrotreatment (HDT) in a refinery, or even new catalysts which may be sulfided or not, under processing conditions.

Abstract: A process for the extractive oxidation of contaminants from raw hydrocarbon streams rich in heteroatomic polar compounds is described, the said process involving the extractive oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen compounds from said streams, the said process comprising treating said streams with a peroxide solution/organic acid couple, the weight percent of the peroxide solution and organic acid based on raw hydrocarbon being at least 3 for both the peroxide and organic acid solution, under an acidic pH, atmospheric or higher pressure and ambient or higher temperature. As a result of the reaction, the oxidized heteroatomic compounds, having strong affinity for the aqueous phase, are extracted into said aqueous phase, while the oxidized hydrocarbon is neutralized, water washed and dried, the resulting end product being a hydrocarbon stream from which have been removed 88.1 wt % or more of total nitrogen compounds and basic nitrogen up to 99.1 wt %, both calculated as mass contents, total Sulfur 23.

Abstract: A process for the upgrading of raw hydrocarbon streams rich in heteroatomic polar compounds and/or unsaturated moieties involving the extractive oxidation of sulfur, nitrogen, conjugated dienes and other unsaturated compounds from said streams, the said process comprising treating said streams with a peroxide solution/organic acid couple and an iron oxide catalyst which is a limonite ore, under an acidic pH, atmospheric pressure and ambient or higher temperature. As a result of the reaction, the oxidized heteroatomic compounds, having strong affinity for the aqueous slurry phase, are extracted into said aqueous phase, while the oxidized hydrocarbon is separated from catalyst by decanting, neutralizing, water washing and drying, the resulting end product being a hydrocarbon stream from which have been removed 90% or more of total nitrogen compounds and basic nitrogen up to 99.7%, both calculated as mass contents.