Abstract: Alkylbenzyl pyridinium compounds, for example of the general formula ##STR1## where R is a hydrocarbon group, preferably alkyl, occurring n times in the ring such as 1-3, but preferably 1 or 2; and R' is a hydrocarbon group, preferably alkyl, occurring m times, such as 1-3, but preferably 1, and X.sup.- is an anion, preferably halogen. These compositions are employed as corrosion inhibitors, preferably in acid systems. These are preferably employed as corrosion inhibitors with surfactants, and most preferably with surfactants and alcohols.

Abstract: Methylene phosphonates of poly-diepoxidized polyalkylene polyamines and to uses therefor, particularly as scale inhibitors, chelating agents, etc.

Abstract: This invention relates to halogen derivatives of alkynoxymethylamines and to uses thereof. The present invention may be ideally illustrated by the following equation:RN(CH.sub.2 OR'C.tbd.CH).sub.2 + 2NaOX .fwdarw.rn(ch.sub.2 or'c.tbd.cx).sub.2 + 2naOHwhere R is a substituted group, preferably hydrocarbon, such as alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, etc., R' is hydrocarbon, preferably alkylene, and where X is halogen.

Abstract: A hydrogen patch cell for measuring hydrogen atoms produced in the corrosion of ferrous metals. The cell mounts on the diffusion side of a ferrous wall being penetrated by hydrogen atoms and comprises a body having a cavity enclosed by an insulating impervious material. An electrolyte in the cavity provides an environment for the conversion of hydrogen atoms to ions. An end portion of the body carries a fluid-tight seal to the ferrous wall. An inert barrier within the body adjacent the end portion interposes between the cavity and the ferrous wall, adjacent to the wall. The barrier is permeable to hydrogen atoms but impermeable with respect to the electrolyte. A coupling material fills the void between the barrier and the ferrous wall and this material is inert but permeable to hydrogen atoms. Electrodes on the body connect to external circuitry for the electrochemical conversion of hydrogen atoms to ions which enter the electrolyte.

Abstract: Methylene phosphonates of polyalkylenepolyamines polymerized with chain extenders such as epoxyhalides, dihalides, etc., such as epihalohydrin, alkylenedihalide, alkenylenedihalide, alkynylenedihalide, xylylenedihalide, alkyleneetherdihalides, etc.; and to uses therefor, particularly as scale inhibitors, chelating agents, etc.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrocarbon polymers having lower penetration or greater hardness (H), greater viscosities (V), higher molecular weights (MW), but having melting points (MP) and congealing points (CP) which are essentially no higher, but preferably lower than the original hydrocarbon.I.e. hydrocarbon Polymer's MW, V, H > original hydrocarbonHydrocarbon Polymer's MP, CP < original hydrocarbon.These polymers are prepared by polymerizing hydrocarbons under free radical conditions at low pressures.The polymers are unique in that although hydrocarbon polymers generally have higher molecular weight, greater viscosity and greater hardness than the starting hydrocarbon they generally have higher melting points and congealing points than the starting hydrocarbons.Hydrocarbons employed are primarily alpha olefins of the formula RCH=CH.sub.2 but also include alpha olefins of the vinylidene structure ##STR1## or a mixture of alpha olefins, vinylidenes, internal olefins and saturates.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydroxyalkylaminoalkylamides, the N-alkylated derivatives thereof, and the preparation and uses thereof.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium salts of polyepihalohydrin and tertiary amines and their use as corrosion inhibitors, particularly in acid systems.

Abstract: A hydrogen probe system measuring hydrogen gas produced in the corrosion of steel, both in volume and rate, with a relatively simple construction, rapid installation at any location and trouble-free operation for extended periods of time without supervision. The probe system has a ferrous metal body enclosing a cavity wherein hydrogen gas is collected under superatmospheric pressure. The accumulated hydrogen gas is periodically vented by a valve operated between two pressure set-points with a "snap action" function by a control mechanism. Each actuation of the valve is a readout function of hydrogen gas accumulating in the cavity representing total gas volume or the rate of gas generation.

Abstract: This invention relates to sulfur-containing Bis-Quaternaries of the idealized formula[N .sup.+ CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 ].sub.2 Z 2X.sup.-where N is a quaternary amino group, Z is a sulfur-containing group, for example S, SO, SO.sub.2 and X is an anion; to methods of preparing such compounds; and to uses of such compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to magnesium carboxylate and/or phenate-sulfonate complexes, processes for their preparation and uses therefor, particularly as fuel additives for vanadium-containing fuels.

Abstract: A coulometric titrator for determining, at high accuracy and without time delay problems, small amounts of a specific (chloride) ion in a solution by the addition of a reactive ion. A sensor provides a first voltage representing the logarithm of the specific ion concentration to a differential amplifier which also receives as an input a signal from a reference electrode. The differential amplifier produces an error signal applied to a comparator and referenced therein to a certain reference voltage representing a desirable range of rates of change of the error output voltage. The comparator provides a sensor signal voltage representing the difference between the error signal and reference voltage. This sensor signal voltage is applied to an antilogarithm converter which produces an output signal that is proportional to the antilogarithm of the sensor signal voltage.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions which are the reaction products of phenol-formaldehyde resins, .alpha.-olefin epoxides derived from .alpha.-olefins of 4 or more carbons and alkylene oxides such as ethylene and propylene oxides; and to the use of these compositions as dehazers for petroleum distillates.

Abstract: Mixtures of Thiophosphates, pyrophosphates containing both oxygen and sulfur, and oxygen phosphates are effective as scale inhibitors. The mixtures are synergistically more effective as scale inhibitors than each component individually.These synergistic mixtures are also effective for other uses such as for inhibiting corrosion, particularly in aqueous and/or oxygenated systems.

Abstract: Methylene phosphonates of polyalkylenepolyamines polymerized with chain extenders such as epoxyhalides, dihalides, etc., such as epihalohydrin, alkylenedihalide, alkenyldihalide, alkynylenedihalide, xylylenedihalide, alkyleneetherdihalides, etc.; and to uses therefor, particularly as scale inhibitors, chelating agents, etc.

Abstract: A process for the color improvement of a non-petroleum organic liquid (fats, animal and vegetable oils) containing color impurities (e.g. chlorophyll). The organic liquid is subjected in succession to a refining step using an aqueous reagent, a hydrogenation step wherein the organic liquid in the presence of a finely divided catalyst at elevated temperatures is hydrogenated. The organic liquid carrying entrained catalyst is mixed with a finely dispersed solid adsorbent adapted to remove color bodies. Electrofiltration of the mixture of organic liquid, catalyst and solid adsorbent after hydrogenation effects substantially complete removal of the catalyst and solid adsorbent from the organic liquid thereby providing a solids-free, color improved organic liquid which is passed to a subsequent utilization. Adsorbent mixing and electrofiltration steps are conducted in an atmosphere substantially devoid of oxygen-containing gases.

Abstract: An electrical field treater for resolving an emulsion formed of a continuous oil phase containing a dispersed water phase with grading a.c.-d.c. electric fields. The treater comprises a metal vessel having an emulsion inlet and outlets to remove the purified oil phase and a coalesced water phase. Insulated electrode sets are energized by an external power source to regulated d.c. potentials between the electrodes and earth ground, and an a.c. current component between the electrodes and earth ground. The earth ground may be a metal electrode or a body of water maintained in the vessel.

Abstract: A composition useful in lamination, the process of applying this composition, and the resulting laminated structure. This composition comprises (1) a microcrystalline-type wax, for example melting from about 140.degree.-200.degree. F (2) a resin, for example petroleum polymer resins, terpene polymer resins, rosin and rosin esters, having a molecular weight of about 800 to 2,000 and (3) atactic polypropylene. The composition comprises about 20-40% of atactic polypropylene; about 10-25% of polymer resin; the balance (30-70%) being microcrystalline wax. This composition is applied and the plys joined together at a temperature above about 225.degree. F to yield a laminated structure having optimum properties, particularly excellent hot peeling strength.

Abstract: This invention relates to the inhibition of corrosion in fuels, for example, in residual fuels, such as in those fuels used in steam boilers, process heaters and gas turbines, etc., by adding Mg/Si/Mn combinations thereto. Mg/Si/Mn combinations are not only very effective in inhibiting both corrosion and slag at high Na/V ratios but also produce other benefits including the reduction in smoke emissions when the fuel is combusted at improper fuel/air ratios.

Abstract: Polymeric phosphoramides -- these are illustrated by polymeric phosphoramides of the formula unit ##STR1## where OA is an oxirane derived unit, n is a number and N is an amine moiety; and to uses thereof.