Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of oil-soluble chromium compositions of high chromium content, such as from about 15 to 30% chromium; to the resulting products; and to the use of such products, for example, as fuel additives, such as additives employed in turbine fuel as corrosion inhibitors, and other uses.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of hexahydropyrimidines (HHP) as anti-oxidants for elastic materials such as rubber.The preferred hexahydropyrimidines contain at least one cycloalkylene or substituted cycloalkylene group and most preferably three cycloalkylene groups as illustrated by 2,2,4,4-dipentamethylene-5,6-tetramethylene hexahydropyrimidine.

Abstract: This invention relates to halogen derivatives of alkynoxymethylamines and to uses thereof. The present invention may be ideally illustrated by the following equation:RN(CH.sub.2 OR'C.tbd.CH).sub.2 + 2NaOX .fwdarw.RN(CH.sub.2 OR'C.tbd.CX).sub.2 + 2NaOHwhere R is a substituted group, preferably hydrocarbon, such as alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, etc., R' is hydrocarbon, preferably alkylene, and where X is halogen.This invention further specifically relates to the use of the halogen derivatives of alkynoxymethylamines as microbiocides in the treatment of aqueous or hydrocarbon systems.

Abstract: Quaternary nitrogen-heterocyclic phosphonates wherein the phosphonate group is ortho- or para- to the nitrogen heterocyclic group, where the compounds are characterized as follows: ##STR1## WHEREIN THE DOTTED LINE REPRESENTS A CYCLIC STRUCTURE WHICH CYCLIC STRUCTURE MAY BE THE SOLE CYCLIC STRUCTURE, OR MAY BE ATTACHED TO OTHER CYCLIC GROUPS, WHERE R is a hydrocarbon or a substituted hydrocarbon group such as alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, etc., and X is an anion such as halogen, a sulfite, a sulfate, s sulfonate-containing group, etc.These nitrogen-heterocyclic phosphonates are prepared by reacting an aromatic nitrogen-heterocyclic compound, wherein the nitrogen atom is in the form of a quaternary alkoxy derivative (N-OR hereinafter defined) with a phosphite salt, preferably in the form of an ester of the phosphite, as exemplified by the following equation: ##STR2## Quaternaries of these compounds are prepared by further reaction with a quaternizing agent.

Abstract: An improved process for the refining of crude oil selected from the group of fats, animal and vegetable oils. The crude oil is reacted with aqueous alkali to produce a treated oil with reduced acidic content but containing finely dispersed, liquid-state alkali metal soaps, and a bulk aqueous alkali phase. The bulk alkali phase is separated from the treated oil. The treated oil is subjected to electrofiltration by passage through a bed of dielectric particulate solids having open continuous, but tortuous flow paths, which are interposed within a d.c. electric field having a gradient of at least 20 kv/in whereby the alkali metal soaps adhere in a liquid state to the particulate solids and provide a purified oil with a substantially reduced content of the alkali metal soaps. The purified oil is sent to a subsequent utilization. A dielectric wash liquid is periodically flowed through the bed to remove the priorly adhering finely dispersed alkali metal soaps from the particulate solids.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing .alpha.-amino phosphonic acid derivatives which comprises reacting a nitrile with a phosphite ester under hydrogenation conditions; and to the .alpha.-amino phosphonic acid derivatives formed and uses thereof.

Abstract: Oxyalkylated cyclic phenol-aldehyde resins for example oxyalkylated cyclic tetramers; processes by which they are prepared; and method of using said oxyalkylated resins for a wide variety of uses, particularly as demulsifiers for water-in-oil type emulsions. Although oxyalkylated products are preferred, analogous products can also be prepared from alkylene sulfides, alkylene imines, or mixtures of more than one of these alkylene oxides, sulfides, or imines.

Abstract: This invention relates to the demulsification of surfactant petroleum water flood emulsions which comprises treating such emulsions with a demulsifier in conjunction with an amine, preferably a polyalkylenepolyamine.

Abstract: Dihydro-nitrogen heterocyclic phosphoramidates of the general formula ##STR1## where N - C represents a dihydro-nitrogen ring, R is a substituted group, preferably hydrocarbon, X is O or S, and R.sub.1 is an alcohol or phenolic moiety, preferably hydrocarbon; the preparation and uses thereof particularly as corrosion inhibitors, microbiocides, etc.

Abstract: Methylene phosphonates of oxyalkylated polyalkylene polyamines having at least three nitrogen atoms wherein there are nitrogen-bonded methylene phosphonate units of the formula -- CH.sub.2 PO(OM).sub.2. These compounds are used as scale inhibitors, chelating agents, etc.

Abstract: Polyquaternary ammonium methylene phosphonates and uses thereof, particularly as scale inhibitors, chelating agents, bactericides, etc.

Abstract: Substituted 2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydropyrimidines (THP) ##STR1## are prepared as follows: (1) The reaction of a carbonyl compund (ketone or aldehyde) with (NH.sub.3 or NH.sub.4 OH) and a sulfur-containing catalyst.(2) The reaction of an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated ketone and a carbonyl compound and NH.sub.3 (or NH.sub.4 OH) without a catalyst.(3) Reaction of an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated ketone, a 1-amino-alcohol and NH.sub.3 (or NH.sub.4 OH) without a catalyst.The compositions of this invention react with carbon disulfide to form xanthates, can be isomerized, converted to pyridines, etc.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds characterized by the presence of N-methyl, or substituted methyl, phosphonic acid and N-propylenesulfonic acid groups. These compounds contain at least one or more of each group and are bonded to the same or different amino groups. They are derived by reacting an amine with both propane sultone and with a carbonyl compound, such as formaldehyde, and phosphorous acid or its equivalent.They have a wide variety of uses, for example as scale and corrosion inhibitors, chelating agents, etc.

Abstract: This invention relates to hexahydropyrimidines (HHP) and to the preparation of HHP by the reduction of tetrahydropyrimidines (THP). HHP is preferably prepared by reacting carbonyls, such as ketones and aldehydes, with ammonia in the presence of ammonium formate to form THP and then reducing THP to HHP. The preferred carbonyl is a cycloalkylene ketone such as cyclohexyl ketone or substituted cyclohexyl ketone.

Abstract: This invention relates to a safety fuel which is characterized as a combustible high internal phase ratio emulsion which, although relatively non-ignitible, can be ignited under conventional ignition. This safety fuel is a high internal phase ratio emulsion having a combustible internal phase and an aqueous external phase containing sufficient volatile combustible materials in the external phase to ignite under conventional ignition conditions.

Abstract: Methylene phosphonates of amino-terminated oxyalkylates having at least two amino groups; and to uses therefor, particularly as scale inhibitors, chelating agents, etc.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of oil-soluble aluminum compositions of high aluminum content, such as from about 15 to 25% aluminum; to the resulting products; and to the use of such products, for example, as fuel additives such as additives employed in turbine fuel as corrosion inhibitors and other uses.

Abstract: Cyclic thiazines of the formula ##STR1## where the R's are hydrogen or a substituted group such as a hydrocarbon group, i.e., alkyl, etc. and N is a cyclic moiety, Z is S, ##STR2## and X is an anion, are prepared by reacting a cyclic secondary amine salt with a divinyl sulfur compound. These are illustrated by the reaction of piperidine hydrochloride with divinyl sulfone to yield ##STR3## These products have a wide variety of uses including their use as microbiocides, etc.

Abstract: Polyquaternary ammonium methylene phosphonates and uses thereof, particularly as scale inhibitors, chelating agents, bactericides, etc.

Abstract: Pyrophosphates, containing both oxygen and sulfur, of the formula ##STR1## where X is oxygen or sulfur such as those of the formula ##STR2## where R is other than a lower alkyl group (i.e. containing less than seven carbon atoms) and preferably a higher alkyl (i.e. at least six carbons), phenol, etc., and most preferably an oxyalkylated radical. Pyrophosphates are prepared by reacting P.sub.2 S.sub.5 with the appropriate alcohol and continuing the reaction to convert the O,O-disubstituted dithiophosphoric acid initially formed to the pyrophosphate. The resulting product usually contains the O,O-disubstituted dithiophosphoric acid in addition to the pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate, or mixture of the pyrophosphate with the O,O-disubstituted dithiophosphoric acid, is particularly useful as a corrosion inhibitor in oxygenated and/or aqueous systems as well as for other uses, etc.