Abstract: Ophthalmic composition for use in ocular surgery comprises an aqueous solution of sodium hyaluronate with a concentration within the range of 18-40 mg sodium hyaluronate/ml solution and the molecular mass of sodium hyaluronate being in the range of 1×106-10×106<M>r,M. In a method for conducting ocular surgery, the composition is introduced into the eye as a surgical aid. The composition may be used in a method for conducting cataract surgery.

Abstract: The use of agents for blocking the synthesis of tyrosinase to prevent permanent pigmentation of the iris caused by melanin deposit induced by pharmacological treatments or by metabolic imbalance is described.

Abstract: A multi-chamber ampoule comprises a container having at least one movable partition therein, the movable partition being adapted to sealingly isolate at least two substances to be mixed with each other, a seal or plunger movably disposed in the container, a holder connected to the container, and a screw actuator engageable with the seal or plunger for displacing the same in the container. The screw actuator has a male thread, and the holder includes a female thread engageable with the screw actuator male thread. The screw actuator is provided with a bore therethrough for slidably receiving a dispensing rod.

Abstract: A device for detection of when at test probe of conducting material contacts a liquid surface includes a test probe of conducting material. The test probe is electrically screened by an insulated screen, with a part of the test probe projecting in front of the screen. The test probe is connected to a first alternating voltage source via a first impedance and to one input of a differential amplifier, and the screen is connected to a second alternating voltage source via a second impedance and to another input of the differential amplifier. An output of the differential amplifier is connected to one input of a first multiplicator and to one input of a second multiplicator, and another input of the first multiplicator is connected to a third alternating voltage source, and another input of the second multiplicator is connected to a fourth alternating voltage source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new benzimidazole compounds with the following general structure (I): in which Y—X is >C═X when X is NR8, O, or S and R2 is H, alkyl, substituted alkylaryl or substituted aryl; or Y—X is >C—X when X is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, OR9 or NHR9 and R2 is a bond to Y; Z is O, S or NR12; R1 is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl; R3 is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, OR9 or NHR9; R4, R5, R6 and R7 are H, halogen, OR10, NR10, R11, NO2, CF3, CN, COR8, COOR8, CONHR8 and/or N3 in any combination and/or two adjacent R4, R5, R6 or R7 form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; and R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 and R13 are H, alkyl, substituted alkylaryl, aryl and/or substituted aryl in any combination. These compounds are useful as a human Growth Hormone (hGH) mimetic, which trigger GH agonist effects in animals and especially as an orally available human Growth Hormone (hGH).

Abstract: The invention relates to new heparin derivatives from bovine or porcine heparin which have a molecular weight equal to or larger than the standard heparin, show a sulfur content which is equal to or higher than that of the starting heparin or at least 13% w/w, have an anticoagulant activity in the anti-FXa assay of less than 10% of the standard heparin it was made from, show a ratio of APTT activity over anti-FXa activity of 3-35, show a reduced prolongation of bleeding time compared to the standard heparin it was made from as measured in the rat tail after i.v. administration and show enhancement of the rate of development of coronary collaterals in dogs equal to or better than clinically used heparin. The invention also relates to processes for preparation of the new bovine and porcine heparin derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compact member comprising a plurality of porous cellulose matrices (PCMs), and providing extended release of an active compound located in the pores of said PCMs together with a release modifying agent. The friability of the compact member is less than 2.1%, and the disintegration time in-vitro of said compact member is less than 240 minutes. The compact member is manufactured by exposing a plurality of PCMs to an active compound and a release modifying agent, in optional sequence or mixture, for a time sufficient for said active compound and release modifying agent to fill the pores in said PCMs to a preselected level. The PCMs are subsequently compacted to a desired shape. The invention further relates to use of the compact members for administration of a drug.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and Ar are as defined in claim 1, their salts with physiologically acceptable acids and, when the compounds can be in the form of optical isomers, the racemic mixture and the individual enantiomers. The compounds have anticholinergic activity, and the invention also relates to the compounds of Formula (I), the use of the compounds of Formula (I) for preparing anticholinergic drugs, the use of the compounds of Formula (I) for treating urinary tract incontinence, and methods for preparing the compounds of Formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the enantioselective preparation of tolterodine and analogues and salts thereof comprises the steps of: a) enantioselectively reducing the carbonyl function in a compound of formula (II): wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently of each other are hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, carbamoyl, sulphamoyl or halogen, to form an enantiomerically enriched compound of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; b) subjecting the compound of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb) to a sigmatropic rearrangement to form a corresponding enantiomerically enriched compound of formula (IVa) or (IVb): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; c) subjecting the compound of formula (IVa) or (IVb) to a Baeyer-Virliger oxidation to form a corresponding enantiomerically enriched compound of the general formula (Va) or (Vb): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; d) converting the compo

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing a composition of lipid particles comprising a bioactive protein, capable of being subjected to high shear forces without substantial loss of activity, and a lipid agent. The characterizing features of the method are the introduction of a protein preparation and a lipid agent to a homogenization station, whereupon the resulting fluid mixture of protein an lipid agent is subjected to high pressure homogenization. The so formed lipid particles are collected and if necessary further processed into a pharmaceutical formulation.

Abstract: A device and method for administering one or more injections from an injection cartridge ensures that administration may be performed only if the device is oriented in a predetermined direction. The device features a holding device for the injection cartridge, the holding device having a piston, piston rod, and an electronic control unit that includes a position sensor. The control unit activates the piston and piston rod for administration only if the position sensor determines that the cartridge is oriented in a predetermined direction. The injectable composition may be stored in a multi-chamber injection cartridge, and the device may also reconstitute and remove gases from the composition only if the cartridge is oriented in a predetermined position.

Abstract: A syringe type ampoule having a) a barrel with a front end and a rear end defining an axis therebetween, the barrel having substantially constant cross-section between the front end and the rear end, at least the front end ending in an opening, b) a sealer attached to the front end and sealing the opening, c) at least one piston movably and sealingly arranged within the barrel and d) a sleeve extending along at least a part of the barrel, the sleeve having a front part and a rear part, the front part being connected to the sealer. The barrel has a front end terminating in an edge surrounding the opening, the edge having an outer circumference substantially equal to the barrel outer circumference. The invention relates to methods and means for manufacture of pre-filled such ampoules or other ampoules.

Abstract: A method for smoking cessation therapy is described that utilizing an improved nicotine lozenge to satisfy transient craving. The lozenge contains nicotine, a nonnutritive sweetener and an absorbent excipient.

Abstract: An autoinjector for replaceable containers of syringe type, comprising a barrel of axially roughly constant cross-section, a front opening with or for an injection needle and at least one movable rear piston, optionally with a plunger connected thereto, inserted in the barrel for the displacement of a container content, the autoinjector comprising a) a housing, b) a container carrier, arranged for reception of the container and arranged movably in relation to the housing in container axial direction between a rear, needle-covering, position and a forward, needle-exposing, position, c) an autopenetration mechanism, comprising at least a penetration head and a penetration drive, the penetration head being arranged for movement of the barrel or carrier in the forward direction and the penetration drive being operable to apply force between the housing and the penetration head, d) an autoinjection mechanism, comprising at least an injection head and an injection drive, the injection head being arranged for moveme

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treatment of unstable coronary artery disease, which is characterised by an early revascularisation together with administration of a low molecular weight heparin. Preferably the low molecular weight heparin is administered up to revascularisation. The methods are also useful for treatment of unstable angina and not worsening chest pain and for treatment of non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (mild heart attack).

Abstract: A process for forming a surface modification on a polymer substrate and polymer substrates having such surface modifications. The process comprises the steps of absorbing a swelling monomer into the polymer substrate for a period of time in order to swell the polymer substrate; removing the swollen polymer from the swelling monomer; transferring the swollen polymer to a reaction mixture containing at least one functional monomer; polymerizing the functional monomer in the reaction mixture containing the swollen polymer substrate for a period of time; and removing the polymer from the reaction mixture. Because the surface modification produced by the process is a surface interpenetrating polymer network, the process is not sensitive to the reactive groups located on the surface of the polymer substrate. Further, the surface interpenetrating network bonds to the polymer substrate through caternary connections or other forms of chain entanglement and thus is quite stable.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a cannula, attachable to an injection device comprising a needle entirely surrounded by an essentially cylindrical collapsible needle cover in order to visually hide the entire needle during the whole procedure of administration by injection. The collapsible needle cover comprises a resilient, cylindrical or vaguely conical sleeve made of a foamed polymer and is provided with an axially extended hole for the needle, alternatively the needle cover can have a bellows-like structure. Also disclosed is a method of administering a medicament by injection with needle hidden from visual impression during the whole administration process.

Abstract: A preparation delivery device comprising a) a container for the preparation having or being prepared for the arrangement of an opening, b) a mechanism operable to deliver at least part of the preparation in the container through the opening, c) attachment means for connection of the container to the mechanism and d) a sensor system arranged to detect at least one predetermined property of the container or its content. The device comprises a radiation transmitter arranged to irradiate the container position or a part thereof, a radiation receiver arranged to receive at least an area part of the radiation from the transmitter after the radiation having been affected by the container position and the receiver being designed to give an output response representative for the total radiation received from said area part.