Abstract: A mode-locked fiber laser comprising a multicomponent glass fiber doped with a trivalent rare-earth ion of thulium and/or holmium and including a fiber-optic based passive saturable absorber that contains an adhesive material mixed with a saturable absorbing components and is disposed along the length of an optical fiber such as to assure that a mode propagating within the fiber spatially overlaps with the volume occupied by the saturable absorbing components.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optoelectronic module including a substrate, an optoelectronic device and a control unit. The substrate includes a top surface, a bottom surface, a concave structure, a through hole structure and a conductive material. The concave structure is disposed on the top surface. The through hole structure passes through the substrate from the top surface to the bottom surface. The conductive material is filled into the through hole structure. The optoelectronic device is disposed on the substrate for providing or receiving an optical signal. The control unit is configured on the top surface and electrically connected to the conductive material and the optoelectronic device for controlling the optoelectronic device.

Abstract: An optical electrical module includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a bearing portion and at least one optical electrical element. The second substrate is combined with the first substrate and has a reflective surface facing to the first substrate. The bearing portion is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate to limit at least one light guide element. The optical electrical element is disposed on a surface of the first substrate facing to the reflective surface and faces to the reflective surface. The optical electrical element is configured for providing or receiving light signals. The reflective surface and the light guide element are disposed on an optical path of the light signals.

Abstract: Optical switches can include collimator elements that accommodate two or more optical ports. This increases the number of ports the switch can accommodate without having to increase the size of other optical components within the switch. Separate deflectors can be used to accommodate optical signals from two different groups of ports. In some embodiments cross-coupling of signals between the two groups can be accomplished through use of re-direction optics.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for resetting a micro-mirror devices. In one aspect, a micro-mirror device includes a mirror plate tiltable about a hinge, two electrodes located on different sides of the hinge, a memory storing state data for the electrodes, and a state modifier operable to receive the state data for the electrodes from the memory and, during a reset of the mirror plate, change the state for at least one of the electrodes from the state specified by the state data stored in memory to a different state.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a thin film semiconductor device. The method includes providing a plurality of raw semiconductor materials. The raw semiconductor materials undergo a pre-reacting process to form a homogeneous compound semiconductor target material. The compound semiconductor target material is deposited onto a substrate to form a thin film having a composition substantially the same as a composition of the compound semiconductor target material.

Abstract: A laser glass fiber with a core of the fiber comprising a silicate glass host, one or more glass network modifiers, one or more glass network intermediators, and Thulium ions, Holmium ions, or a combination of Thulium ions and Holmium ions. The fiber emits laser light from 1.7 micron to 2.2 micron.

Abstract: A packaging system having a housing for providing a hermetically sealed interior space for receiving and supporting optoelectronic components. The housing has at least one section of wall comprising a layer of liquid crystal polymer (LCP). At least one hermetically sealed electrical port is formed in the LCP wall section over a predetermined area and comprises a layer of metal adhered to and overlying the predetermined area on the of the LCP wall section. An electrode passes through the metal from the exterior of the system to the interior space to provide an electrical communication path between the optoelectronic components and the exterior of said packaging system. A solder joint is formed between the electrode and the layer of metal to provide a hermetic connection between the layer of metal and the electrode to assure that the hermeticity of the housing remains unchanged with the electrical port present.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, a method comprises transmitting an optical signal via the optical line, measuring a relative change in spectral intensity of the optical signal near a clock frequency (or half of that frequency) while varying a polarization of the optical signal between a first state of polarization and a second state of polarization, and using the relative change in spectral intensity of the optical signal to determine and correct the DGD of the optical line. Another method comprises splitting an optical signal traveling through the optical line into a first and second portions having a first and second principal states of polarization of the optical line, converting the first and second portions into a first and second electrical signals, delaying the second electrical signal to create a delayed electrical signal that compensates for a DGD of the optical line, and combining the delayed electrical signal with the first electrical signal to produce a fixed output electrical signal.

Abstract: A method for improving brightness of projected images from an LED projector employing a plurality of LEDs of different colors by determining, from a histogram of a frame of an image to be projected, an effective maximum saturation. A plurality of main channels and a plurality of subchannels are created, one main channel and at least one subchannel for each color LED. Then the amplitude of the main channel and a subchannel for each color are determined based upon the effective maximum saturation of the frame of the image, followed by using the main channel and the at least one subchannel for a color to drive an LED of that color to generate the image.

Abstract: A light emitter includes a first mirror that is an epitaxially grown metal mirror, a second mirror, and an active region that is epitaxially grown such that the active region is positioned at or close to, at least, one antinode between the first mirror and the second mirror.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode package device includes: a base unit defining a packaging space; a light-emitting diode die that is disposed inside the packaging space to electrically connect to the base unit and that is capable of emitting light; and an encapsulant that is filled in the packaging space to encapsulate the light-emitting diode die and that includes an upper surface to be exposed to external environment, and a plurality of microstructures formed on the upper surface.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode package includes: a frame unit, and at least one light-emitting diode chip including a chip body and a contact layer disposed between the chip body and the frame unit. One of the frame unit and the contact layer contains a magnetic material, and the other one of the frame unit and the contact layer contains a material capable of being magnetically attracted to the magnetic material.

Abstract: Collecting and analyzing spectral data can be challenging when multiple analysis instruments need to be integrated and monitored by a quality control agent within a laboratory, industrial plant, field operation, or even an aerospace environment. The spectral analysis system and method, as presented, provides improved quality control, process control, and data management through unique feedback mechanisms between all hardware and software components within an analytical environment. Through spectral analysis presented, meaningful information is extracted from a spectral signal and fed back into the spectral analysis system to enhance overall system performance. A centralized database is provided to allow multiple users the opportunity to query the database for historical spectral records that can lead to the generation of meaningful reports.

Abstract: A thermo-electric semiconductor device is provided. The thermo-electric semiconductor device includes: a first electrode layer; a spacer layer formed on the first electrode layer and having a plurality of pillars with a uniform height, the plurality of pillars thermally grown and protruded on a surface of the spacer layer; and a second electrode layer formed over the spacer layer in such a manner as to contact tops of the protruded pillars.

Abstract: The inventive circular chiral fiber polarizer is operable to convert linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light, may be advantageously fabricated in an “in-fiber” manner and to comprise desirable extinction ratio characteristics, and may also serve as an interface between a sequentially positioned polarization maintaining (PM) fiber, and a single mode (SM) fiber.

Abstract: The inventive chiral polarization preserving optical fiber utilizes a structure composed of specially positioned and configured single mode (SM) and conventional polarization maintaining (PM) fiber elements along with at least two novel circular chiral fiber polarizers (each operable to convert linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light), to preserve any arbitrary polarization state of light signals transmitted therethrough without the limitations and drawbacks of other polarization maintaining solutions. In another inventive embodiment thereof, the inventive chiral polarization preserving optical fiber is configured as an arbitrary polarization state maintaining light signal splitter.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, a method comprises transmitting an optical signal via the optical line, measuring a relative change in spectral intensity of the optical signal near a clock frequency (or half of that frequency) while varying a polarization of the optical signal between a first state of polarization and a second state of polarization, and using the relative change in spectral intensity of the optical signal to determine and correct the DGD of the optical line. Another method comprises splitting an optical signal traveling through the optical line into a first and second portions having a first and second principal states of polarization of the optical line, converting the first and second portions into a first and second electrical signals, delaying the second electrical signal to create a delayed electrical signal that compensates for a DGD of the optical line, and combining the delayed electrical signal with the first electrical signal to produce a fixed output electrical signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for retro-reflecting electromagnetic energy and a method for producing the same are provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and a plurality of corner mirrors disposed in said substrate. The plurality of corner mirrors may have respective angles of acceptance with respect to the substrate to be operable to retro-reflect the electromagnetic energy within the respective angles of acceptance. The plurality of corner mirrors are arranged to provide a combined angle of acceptance that is greater than any one of the respective angles of acceptance. The apparatus may also include at least one modulator disposed over at least a portion of said plurality of corner mirrors. The modulator is operable to modulate any of said electromagnetic energy received and retro-reflected.

Abstract: A single helix chiral fiber grating of a predetermined grating strength is provided that is operable to control light transmission in a predetermined wavelength range. The novel fiber grating comprises a first optical fiber with a first interface portion at a first end, a second interface portion at a second end, and a middle portion therebetween. The first optical fiber is configured with at least one fiber core, surrounded by a corresponding at least one cladding, with a first longitudinal section disposed within the first interface portion, a second longitudinal section disposed within the second interface portion, and also includes a longitudinal helical section, disposed therebetween within the middle portion, that comprises a longitudinal helix structure of a single predetermined handedness, having a predetermined pitch profile, and having a predetermined helix diameter profile selected and configured to produce the predetermined grating strength.