Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for a MEMS display incorporating integrated sidewall reflectors. The display can include a light blocking component suspended over a substrate. The light blocking component can include an aperture in its surface that is parallel to the substrate. The display can include one or more sidewall reflectors positioned within the aperture. The one or more sidewall reflectors can be arranged at least partially normal to the surface of the light blocking component. Light that is directed through the aperture can be reflected off of the sidewall reflectors to escape from the display at a higher angle than would otherwise be possible.

Abstract: Systems, methods and methods of manufacture for, among other things, a MEMS device may be provided with a pair of electrodes that are separated by a gap. At least one of the electrodes is movable toward the other electrode. The MEMS device may include a beam that is positioned within the gap and arranged between the electrodes. As the movable electrode moves toward the other electrode, a portion of the MEMS device also moves towards, comes into contact with, and deflects the beam. As the beam deflects, it applies a force upon the MEMS device that opposes the movement of electrode toward the other electrode.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for improving power efficiency of display devices. In some implementations, a display controller receives data indicative of a plurality of pixel values included in an image frame and derives a plurality of initial component color subfields. The display controller then derives a composite color subfield including a plurality of common composite color intensity values assigned to respective pixel blocks. Each pixel block is associated with a plurality of pixels. The display controller derives a plurality of updated component color subfields based on the initial component color subfields and the composite color subfield.

Abstract: A latch circuit includes an input transistor, a retention capacitor connected between an electrode of the input transistor and a first latch control line, a first transistor having an electrode connected to the first latch control line and a gate connected to the electrode of the input transistor, a second transistor having a gate connected to another electrode of the first transistor and an electrode is connected to the second latch control line, a third transistor having a gate connected to the another electrode of the first transistor and an electrode connected to another electrode of the second transistor and another electrode connected to an output terminal.

Abstract: The MEMS shutter includes a shutter having an aperture part, a first spring connected to the shutter, a first anchor connected to the first spring, a second spring and a second anchor connected to the second spring, an insulation film on a surface of the shutter, the first spring, the second spring, the first anchor and the second anchor, the surfaces being in a perpendicular direction to a surface of a substrate, and the insulation film is not present on a surface of the plurality of terminals, and a surface of the shutter, the first spring, the second spring, the first anchor and the second anchor, the surfaces being in a parallel direction to a surface of the substrate and on the opposite side of the side facing the substrate.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for a MEMS display incorporating extended height actuators. A light modulating component can be positioned between a substrate and an opposing surface coupled to the substrate. A suspended electrode can be coupled to the light modulating component and suspended between the substrate and the opposing surface. An extended-height electrode can be positioned immediately adjacent to the suspended electrode, and can extend from the substrate up to a height beyond the height of the suspended electrode. The suspended electrode and the extended-height electrode can be configured to move the light modulating component laterally with respect to the substrate.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, non-transitory computer readable media and apparatus for improving power efficiency of display devices. Control logic of a display device can reduce a number of subframes used to display a series of image frames. In some implementations, the control logic can detect a scene change in the series of image frames and reduce the number of subframes utilized for displaying a following image frame. Subsequently, the control logic can monotonically increase the number of subframes utilized for displaying a first set of successive image frames. In some implementations, the control logic may monotonically increase the number of subframes for a first set of image frames and then monotonically decrease the number of subframes for a second set of image frames.

Abstract: In a movable shutter-system display device, a movable shutter includes an amorphous silicon film material which has a low residual stress and thus is stable. A display device includes a display panel comprising a first substrate and a second substrate. The display panel includes a plurality of pixels; each of the plurality of pixels includes a movable shutter including amorphous silicon and a driving circuit for driving the movable shutter; and the amorphous silicon included in the movable shutter is formed of at least two amorphous silicon films, and where any two amorphous silicon films adjacent to each other among the at least two amorphous silicon films are a first amorphous silicon film and a second amorphous silicon film stacked on the first amorphous silicon film, the first amorphous silicon film and the second amorphous silicon film have different characteristic values.

Abstract: Provided is a display device, including: a pair of substrates arranged at an interval; oil filled between the pair of substrates; a shutter arranged in the oil; a drive portion, which is arranged in the oil, for driving the shutter in a predetermined direction; and a wall portion provided in the oil and on one of the pair of substrates. The wall portion is positioned adjacent to the shutter in one of the predetermined direction of the shutter and a direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction. The wall portion has a height exceeding a height of the shutter in a thickness direction of the shutter. The wall portion has at least a part positioned lateral to the shutter.

Abstract: The described latching circuits can be formed using transistors of a single conductivity type. The transistors can be n-type transistors or p-type transistors. The latching circuits include at least one pre-charge transistor and at least one output terminal discharge transistor. Timing schemes are also described for operating the latching circuits. Pixel circuits and display devices that include these latching circuits are also described. The display devices are formed from an arrangement of the latching circuits.

Abstract: This methods and devices described herein relate to displays and methods of manufacturing cold seal fluid-filled displays, including MEMS. The fluid substantially surrounds the moving components of the MEMS display to reduce the effects of stiction and to improve the optical and electromechanical performance of the display. The invention relates to a method for sealing a MEMS display at a lower temperature such that a vapor bubble does not form only at temperatures about 15° C. to about 20° C. below the seal temperature. In some embodiments, the MEMS display apparatus includes a first substrate, a second substrate separated from the first substrate by a gap and supporting an array of light modulators, a fluid substantially filling the gap, a plurality of spacers within the gap, and a sealing material joining the first substrate to the second substrate.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for controlling pixels of a display apparatus. An apparatus including a plurality of pixels can be controlled by a control matrix. The control matrix includes for each pixel a first transistor that has a first threshold voltage and a second transistor that has a second threshold voltage. A single data interconnect provides a common data voltage to the first and second transistors to control the states of corresponding first and second light modulators.

Abstract: This, disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for improving the angular light distribution of a display apparatus. Smaller shutter-based display apparatus that modulate light passing through at least two apertures in an aperture or light blocking layer can provide similar viewing angle characteristics as larger shutter-based modulators by disproportionately reducing the width of a subset of the at least two apertures in relation to the remainder of the apertures. As the width of such apertures is one of the primary determinants of viewing angle, allowing a greater percentage of the light throughput of a shutter assembly to pass through wider apertures helps maintain a wider viewing angle for the display.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for improving the reliability of dual actuator light modulators by equalizing voltages provided to the two actuators of the light modulator. A pixel circuit for driving the dual actuator light modulator can include a data loading circuit coupled to an actuation circuit. The data loading circuit is utilized to store data received from a controller for a pixel associated with the light modulator. The actuation circuit is utilized to control a first actuator and a second actuator of the dual actuator light modulator based on the data stored by the data loading circuit. The actuation circuit includes a first stabilization capacitor and the second stabilization capacitor for stabilizing voltages provided to the first and second actuators. The actuation circuit also includes an equalization switch for equalizing voltages provided to the first and second actuators.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for displaying images. Some such apparatus include an array of display elements coupled to a substrate and an elevated aperture layer (EAL) suspended over the array of display elements. The EAL is coupled to the substrate, and includes, for each of the display elements, at least one aperture for allowing passage of light therethrough. Methods for manufacturing such apparatus include at least one of forming etch holes through the EAL, employing an at least partially sublimatable sacrificial mold, employing a two phase release process, and releasing the apparatus such that a portion of a sacrificial mold remains surrounding portions of the apparatus.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for modulating light to form an image on a display, as well as methods manufacturing such apparatus. The display apparatus includes dual-level shutter assemblies. Each dual-level shutter assembly includes front and rear light obstructing levels positioned adjacent to respective front and rear light blocking layers. The front and rear light blocking layers define apertures providing optical paths from a backlight to the front of the display. The dual-level shutters selectively obstruct these optical paths to generate an image.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for providing compact shutter assemblies. Shutter assemblies can be formed in a more compact fashion, allowing for higher pixel-per-inch displays, by incorporating shutters that during actuation pass over or under portions of the actuators that control those shutters.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for displaying images. One such apparatus includes a substrate, an elevated aperture layer (EAL) defining a plurality of apertures formed therethrough, a plurality of anchors for supporting the EAL over the substrate and a plurality of display elements positioned between the substrate and the EAL. Each of the display elements may correspond to at least one respective aperture of the plurality of apertures defined by the EAL. Each display element also includes a movable portion supported over the substrate by a corresponding anchor supporting the EAL over the substrate. In some implementations, one or more light dispersion elements may be disposed in optical paths passing through the apertures defined by the EAL.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for displaying images. Some such apparatus include a transparent substrate, a display element formed on the substrate, a light blocking elevated aperture layer (EAL) supported over the substrate by an anchor formed on the substrate, and an electrical interconnect disposed on the EAL for carrying an electrical signal to the display element. The electrical interconnect can include one or more of a data voltage interconnect, a scan-line interconnect or a global interconnect. In some implementations, a dielectric layer can separate the electrical interconnect from the EAL. The EAL can include an aperture formed through it that corresponds to the display element. In some implementations, a second electrical interconnect disposed on the substrate can be electrically coupled to a plurality of display elements.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods are disclosed herein for displaying images. One such apparatus includes an input, subfield derivation logic, subframe generation logic, dark subframe detection logic, and output logic. The input is configured to receive image data associated with an image frame. The subfield derivation logic is configured to derive at least one color subfield for the received image frame. The subframe generation logic is configured to generate a plurality of subframes for each of the at least one derived color subfields. The dark subframe detection logic is configured to identify dark subframes. The output logic is configured to, in response to identification of a dark subframe, suppress the outputting of the dark subframe and to modify a display parameter associated with at least one other subframe based on a timing value associated with the identified dark subframe.