Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the alkoxylation of a carboxylated compound comprising contacting the carboxylated compound with an alkylene oxide in the presence of a mixed metal oxide catalyst or a modified bimetallic or polymetallic catalyst under conditions effective to alkoxylate the carboxylated compound.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing improved catalysts for the production of alkenyl alkanoates by the reaction of an alkene, an alkanoic acid and an oxygen-containing gas. The catalysts contain palladium, gold and a potassium promoter and are characterized by a reduced sodium content which results in increased catalyst activity. The reduced sodium content is obtained by washing the catalyst with water or with an aqueous solution of a potassium promoter after it has been impregnated with a potassium promoter.

Abstract: Catalysts for the epoxidation of alkene, especially ethylene, to the corresponding alkylene oxide, e.g., ethylene oxide, which catalysts contain a high silver content on carriers having a high surface area and a high pore volume are disclosed. Methods for making and using such catalysts are also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved polymerization process for making essentially non-agglomerated ethylene polymers, especially EPR polymers, based on the use of a high activity vanadium catalyst, which utilizes an alkylated metal chain transfer agent to moderate the kinetics of the polymerization reaction so as to avoid formation of an undesirable amount of agglomerated polymer.

Abstract: An improved polymerization process for making essentially nonagglomerated ethylene polymers, especially EPR polymers, based on the use of a stage-modified high activity vanadium catalyst, under polymerization conditions that normally would yield an undesirable amount of agglomerated polymer.

Abstract: The process for oxidation of propylene to acrolein and the oxidation of propylene to acrylic acid in two stages with acrolein as an intermediate are improved by use of essentially inert essentially anhydrous diluent gases to replace steam in the reaction streams. In particular, the use of essentially inert essentially anhydrous diluents which raise the composite heat capacity of the diluent gas mixture to at least about 6.5 calories/(gram-mole) (.degree.C.) will improve selectively to desired products and will reduce both the waste water load on the system and by-product formation. Reduction in second-stage catalyst efficiency is compensated for by introducing steam to the feed to the second-stage, and/or by increasing the operating temperature of the second-stage, and/or by increasing the active surface area of the second-stage catalyst.

Abstract: A process for improving the catalytic activity of a partially deactivated solubilized rhodium - tertiary organophosphine complex hydroformylation catalyst.

Abstract: Process for the separation and recovery of aldehyde product from a non-aqueous hydroformylation reaction product composition comprising the aldehyde product, a rhodium-ionically charged phosphorus ligand complex, a free ionically charged phosphorus ligand and an organic solubilizing agent for said complex and said free ligand via phase separation using added water or both added water and an added non-polar hydrocarbon compounds.

Abstract: A composition useful in the manufacture or cable comprising:(i) a copolymer comprising ethylene and one or more alpha-olefins having a density equal to or less than 0.915 gram per cubic centimeter;(ii) a metal hydrate flame retardant compound;(iii) a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene triblock copolymer; and(iv) optionally, an impact polypropylene copolymer or polypropylene.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing improved catalysts for the production of alkenyl alkanoates by the reaction of an alkene, an alkanoic acid and an oxygen-containing gas. The catalysts contain palladium, gold and a potassium promoter and are characterized by a reduced sodium content which results in increased catalyst activity. The reduced sodium content is obtained by washing the catalyst, at a particular intermediate point in its production, with a cation exchange solution.

Abstract: Curable compositions based on (N-substituted carbamoyloxy)alkanoyloxyalkyl acrylate polymers. When cured the compositions are, for example, high-quality industrial finishes, sealants or encapsulants.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved spray apparatus and corresponding methods for coating substrates with a coating material and a supercritical fluid or a subcritical compressed fluid, which apparatus is provided with an airless spray nozzle that produces a spray with reduced average velocity thereby minimizing the undesirable excessive momentum of the spray as well as the sideways deflection of the spray that occurs as it impacts of substrate. The spray nozzle is comprised of an elongated orifice passageway having a length sufficiently long in relation to the equivalent diameter so as to reduce the average spray velocity of the coating material.

Abstract: This invention relates to investment casting compositions comprising (i) a refractory material, e.g., a ceramic material, and (ii) a soluble core material comprising one or more block polymers characterized by an ABCBA structure. This invention also relates to methods for investment casting and to the manufacture of molded articles. The soluble core materials exhibit desirable breaking strength, dissolution rate and surface characteristics.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbamate is disclosed. In one embodiment, the process comprises contacting a mixture comprising a primary amine component, an urea component and a hydroxy nitrogen component, in particular at least one oxime, at conditions effective to form a carbamate. Certain novel carbamates are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing improved catalysts for the production of alkenyl alkanoates by the reaction of an alkene, an alkanoic acid and an oxygen-containing gas. The catalysts contain palladium, gold and a potassium promoter and are characterized by a reduced sodium content which results in increased catalyst activity. The reduced sodium content is obtained by using essentially sodium-free starting materials in the process for producing the catalysts.

Abstract: A vanadium-based catalyst system is treated with an ether as a means of enhancing catalyst activity and polymer productivity.

Abstract: A blend comprising:(a) an isotactic polypropylene matrix containing an ethylene/propylene copolymer dispersed phase, said combination having dual melting peaks, a first peak in the range of about 150.degree. C. to about 165.degree. C., attributable to the matrix, and a second peak in the range of about 123.degree. C. to about 132.degree. C. having at least about 2.2 calories per gram melting endotherm, attributable to the copolymer, component (a) being present in the blend in an amount of about 60 to about 90 percent by weight based on the weight of the blend; and(b) an ethylene/1-butene copolymer containing about 85 to about 90 percent by weight ethylene; having a density in the range of about 0.890 to about 0.910 gram per cubic centimeter; and having an Mw/Mn ratio of up to about 8, component (b) being present in the blend in an amount of abut 10 to about 40 percent by weight based on the weight of the blend.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to apparatus and methods for effectively supplying, feeding, measuring, proportioning, mixing, pressurizing, and heating on a semi-continuous basis, a plurality of fluids. Preferably, the fluids comprise at least one substantially non-compressible fluid, such as coating formulation, and at least one substantially compressible fluid, such as carbon dioxide, to form a substantially accurately proportionated coating admixture in the supercritical state of the compressible fluid for spraying the combined mixture through a spraying means onto a substrate to produce a coating. The process employs vessels having a known displacement volume to feed and proportion the fluids. The pressurization, mixing and heating is accomplished in an oscillation loop wherein the mixture is pressurized and heated while in such oscillation loop. A spray gun connected to the oscillation loop is used to spray the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to processes and apparatus in which supercritical fluids are used as viscosity reduction diluents for liquid fuels or waste materials which are then spray atomized into a combustion chamber. The addition of supercritical fluid to the liquid fuel and/or waste material allows viscous petroleum fractions and other liquids such as viscous waste materials that are too viscous to be atomized (or to be atomized well) to now be atomized by this invention by achieving viscosity reduction and allowing the fuel to produce a combustible spray and improved combustion efficiency. Moreover, the present invention also allows liquid fuels that have suitable viscosities to be better utilized as a fuel by achieving further viscosity reduction that improves atomization still further by reducing droplet size which enhances evaporation of the fuel from the droplets.

Abstract: Finely divided water insoluble solid particles free of ionic charges and ranging in size from about 0.01 to several hundred microns or higher, including but not limited to paint pigment particles, are given a generally uniform polymeric encapsulation by admixing such particles in an aqueous reaction medium with a water insoluble monomer polymerizable to form a generally water insoluble polymer free of ionic charges in the presence of a nonionic surface active stabilizing agent, preferably a polyethoxylated alkyl phenol containing at least about eight carbon atoms in the alkyl group thereof and preferably at least about 40-50 ethylene oxide groups per molecule, and polymerization of the monomer is then initiated, usually with heating, with a redox polymerization initiating system which is free of ionic groups and does not decompose to release ionic groups in the reaction medium.