Abstract: In a method of manufacturing articles to be included in cans, a metal strip (1) is fed to an article forming unit (11), in which it is punched and stamped to form the articles. Before the article forming operations, the strip (1) is provided with laser engravings on one of its upper and lower surfaces, or on both these surfaces. The laser engravings form indicative marks on the articles.

Abstract: A container, especially a bottle, is made from a preform of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), where the preform has a mouth portion, a substantially conical upper portion extending from the mouth portion, and a cylindrical portion extending from the conical portion towards the bottom of the preform and having a substantially uniform wall thickness. When reshaping the preform, the shoulder of the container is formed substantially only of material which in the preform is located in the conical upper portion of the preform, while the cylindrical portion of the container is formed substantially only of material which in the preform is located in the cylindrical portion of the preform.

Abstract: A method for producing a squeezable, thin-walled tube container of orientable plastic material in which the container includes a mouth portion, a squeezable thin-walled tubular container body having an open bottom-forming portion and a connecting portion located between the mouth portion and the container body and in which the mouth portion and the connecting portion consists of non-oriented material includes forcing the non-oriented material in the tube portion, by mechanical means, through a gap with a gap width at most amounting to approximately half the wall thickness of the material in the tube portion for orientation of the material passing through the gap, thereby obtaining substantially monoaxial orientation of the material which forms the container body and the open bottom-forming portion of the thin-walled squeezable tube container.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus to thermocrystallize amorphous thermoplastic material in a bottom portion (11) of a preform (10) while producing a container. By means of at least one heating device (20, 30) the plastic material is heated to an elevated temperature at which the material crystallizes thermally. The supply of energy is discontinued once the material crystallizes at a speed entailing that the thus released effect corresponds to or exceeds that effect which departs from the material undergoing crystallization. The apparatus includes a mandrel (26) having a forming surface (24) which at an increased temperature is brought into abutment against a defining surface (18) of the bottom potion. The forming surface has a curvature which deviates from the curvature of the defining surface (18) so that during the initial phase of the abutment the forming surface is abutting against the defining surface only in a central area thereof.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for orienting amorphous plastic material causes the material to be displaced through a gap with a smallest gap width less than the material thickness of the plastic material. During such displacement, the material is oriented, under the formation of a transition zone (18) between as yet unoriented (thicker) material (16b) and oriented (thinner) material (16a). The material is displaced at a speed entailing that crystallization energy released on orientation reaches the defining surfaces (14, 17) of the plastic material at a point in time when the material has already assumed its reduced thickness. The apparatus includes a drawing ring (50) and a mandrel (60), between which the gap is formed. When the plastic material enters into the gap, the gap is of a width which substantially corresponds to the material thickness of the amorphous material.

Abstract: A method for temperature conditioning a blank of plastic material in which a conditioning mandrel is placed within the blank and thereafter expanded into reliable abutment against the inner surface of the blank. The mandrel is thereafter returned to its initial position. The outer surface of the mandrel is adjusted to and maintained at a certain temperature, whereby, during the abutment, an energy exchange takes place between the blank and the mandrel for adjusting the temperature of the blank. At high temperatures of the mandrel, the mandrel is displaced out of the blank after such short time that the plastic material in the region of the abutment surface never passes the critical temperature of tackiness of the plastic material and/or thermal crystallization of the plastic material. As a rule, the expansion and contraction of the mandrel is repeated one or more times.

Abstract: A method for temperature conditioning a blank of plastic material in which a conditioning mandrel is placed within the blank and thereafter expanded into reliable abutment against the inner surface of the blank. The mandrel is thereafter returned to its initial position. The outer surface of the mandrel is adjusted to and maintained at a certain temperature, whereby, during the abutment, an energy exchange takes place between the blank and the mandrel for adjusting the temperature of the blank. At high temperatures of the mandrel, the mandrel is displaced out of the blank after such short time that the plastic material in the region of the abutment surface never passes the critical temperature of tackiness of the plastic material and/or thermal crystallization of the plastic material. As a rule, the expansion and contraction of the mandrel is repeated one or more times.

Abstract: A container wall of stretched plastic material has high oxygen barrier properties by incorporating an activating metal into the plastic material. The plastic material is PET in admixture with a polyamide and the metal is either added to the mixture or contained in one or both of the polymers. The material is stretched and aged to produce the container wall with the high oxygen barrier properties. The metal is preferably a transition metal and can be derived from a salt, such as a halide or acetate.

Abstract: An easily-opened container includes a container body with an opening portion and a lid cooperating with the opening portion. The lid has a central lid portion and a peripheral portion located outside this lid portion and sealingly and permanently fixed to the opening portion for closing the container. The central lid portion and the peripheral portion are separated from one another by a weakened portion which extends in the circumferential direction of the opening portion and at least partially around the opening portion. In a restricted region, the opening portion is provided with a recess located beneath the weakened portion. A stripping unit with fulcrum-effect is pivotally supported in a support region.

Abstract: A container (30d) of polyethylene terephthalate or similar thermoplastic material has a container body (32d), a mouth portion (37d) and a central bottom part (34d). The central bottom part consists of chiefly amorphous and/or thermocrystallized material and forms a bulge directed towards the interior of the container. A ring-shaped or band-shaped standing surface (36d) is arranged adjacent the transition of the bottom part into the container wall (32d). Adjacent to the standing surface the container has a circumferential area of material (35d) which through stretching and/or reshaping has undergone flow and through heating has acquired built-in stresses which tend to contract it. The surrounding circumferential area of material prevents the inward bulge of the central bottom part from straightening out and/or turning inside out when the pressure in the container is increased and/or when the temperature of the container material is raised.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the sealing of a container (10) by means of a wafer (20). The container comprises one or more joining means (14, 16) which are adapted so that by a joint (12), e.g. a welding joint, they are connected in a leakproof manner, to the wafer in an edge zone (21) of the same. The wafer is held against a contact surface (32) of a retaining means so as to be moved by the same until it rests in its edge zone (21) against anyone of the joining means (14, 16). While the contact with the retaining means is maintained, the wafer is connected by a fixing means (50) in its edge zone in a leakproof manner to anyone of the joining means through the fixing means supplying energy to the edge zone so that a joint (12) is formed. The invention makes it possible to fix in a leakproof manner a previously cut wafer to the opening part of a container.

Abstract: Crystallizable mainly amorphous thermoplastic material is crystallized at a temperature exceeding the glass transition temperature of the material (13) by subjecting the material at the elevated temperature to compressive forces. The material thickness as a rule is reduced by at least 20%, preferably by at least 40%. To achieve this a plunger (20) and a mould (30) are moved to a minimum distance at which the thermoplastic material (13) located between the plunger and the mould part is subjected to compressive forces. The plunger and/or the mould part are provided with elements (29, 39) for the setting and maintaining of a temperature specified in advance of the surfaces (23, 33) by which the plunger and the mould part respectively abut against the thermoplastic material.

Abstract: An object is produced from a tubular blank (10,15,17) of thermoplastic material of the type polyester or polyamide, preferably of polyethylene terephthalate by reducing the thickness of amorphous material in one or several areas of the blank by means of one single or several consecutive re-shaping operations. A mechanical shaping device (23,29,71,81) moves a transitional zone (13,14,113) situated between thicker and thinner materials along the blank and elongates simultaneously the blank in the moving direction of the transitional zone. After the last re-shaping operation the thinner material has preferably an oriented state. During the re-shaping operation the temperature of the material in the transitional zone (13,14,113) is controlled at a level which, immediately before the re-shaping operation, is within or close to the range of the glass transition temperature (TG).

Abstract: A body (1) of oriented thermoplastic material is converted through heating in an area adjoining one boundary surface of the material portion to a layer (10) of substantially non-oriented material. A film (2) is fixed to the fixing layer (10) by pressing the film with a compression and heating element (50) and the necessary heat is supplied so that the film (2) will be fixed to the fixing layer (10). Since the film is bonded to substantially non-oriented plastic material, the desired detachability in the bond between the film and the material portion (1) is achieved.

Abstract: A container (1) consists of a container body (10) and a container lid (20) which, in a factory-sealed container, sealingly closed the lid in circumferential connection (21). In such instance the lid constitutes a bounding definition of the storage space, the lid being of a disposition entailing that bounding portions of the lid are located more proximal the standing surfaces of the container than other portions.

Abstract: An easily-opened container includes a container body (11) with an opening portion and a lid (20) cooperating with the opening portion. The lid has a central lid portion (29) and a peripheral portion located outside this lid portion and sealingly and permanently fixed to the opening portion for closing the container. The central lid portion and the peripheral portion are separated from one another by a weakened portion (22) which extends in the circumferential direction of the opening portion and at least partially around the opening portion. In a restricted region, the opening portion is provided with a recess (17) located beneath the weakened portion. A stripping unit (50) with fulcrum-effect is pivotably supported in a support region (100).

Abstract: Apparatus for stretching a parison or a preform which is formed by a blank and where the preform is preferably intended to be reshaped into a container. In accordance with the invention the wall of the blank is provided with two laterally displaced material regions. A mechanical moulding device reduces the material thickness in the material of the wall with commencement in the region thereof where the two material regions are laterally displaced relative to one another.Lateral displacement of the material regions and reduction by the moulding device of the material thickness are selected in order to allow, respectively achieve a reduction in thickness equivalent to that the thermoplastic material obtains when it is stretched so that material flow occurs. In one embodiment the lateral displacement is achieved by the moulding device.

Abstract: A container (30d) of polyethylene terephthalate or similar thermoplastic material has a container body (32d), a mouth portion (37d) and a central bottom part (34d). The central bottom part consists of chiefly amorphous and/or thermocrystallized material and forms a bulge directed towards the interior of the container. A ring-shaped or band-shaped standing surface (36d) is arranged adjacent the transition of the bottom part into the container wall (32d). Adjacent to the standing surface the container has a circumferential area of material (35d) which by stretching and/or reshaping has undergone flow and by heating has acquired built-in stresses which tend to contract it. The surrounding circumferential area of material prevents the inward bulge of the central bottom part from straightening out and/or turning inside out when the pressure in the container is increased and/or when the temperature of the container material is raised.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a container from a tubular blank of polyethylene terephthalate or similar material, according to which a polyethylene terephthalate blank is stretched at least approximately 3-fold to produce a preform (20). In an axial section through the preform, the contour length substantially corresponds to the contour length in an axial section through the final container. The preform (20) is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (TG) and is converted to the container (21) in a blow mold (12). In doing so, the contour length of the material is maintained through successive reduction of the axial length of the body (23) which the preform constitutes during the conversion to the container. In order to achieve this, the base portion of the blow mold (11) is moved towards the orifice (22) of the final container.