Abstract: The present invention relates to a new method of synthesizing two-dimensional polyaniline (PANI) nanosheets using ice as a removable hard template. The method comprises polymerizing aniline on an ice surface. The synthesized PANI nanosheets show distinctly high current flows of 5.5 mA at 1 V and a high electrical conductivity of 35 S/cm, which mark a significant improvement over previous values on other PANIs reported over the past decades. These improved electrical properties of the PANI nanosheets are attributed to the long-range ordered edge-on ?-stacking of the quinoid ring, ascribed to the ice surface-assisted vertical growth of PANI. The PANI nanosheet can be easily transferred onto various types of substrates via float-off from the ice surfaces. In addition, PANI can be patterned into any shape using predetermined masks, and this is expected to facilitate the eventual convenient and inexpensive application of conducting polymers in versatile electronic device forms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface treatment composition for forming a self-assembled coating layer which is easily coated and removed and a surface treatment method, where the self-assembled coating layer can be easily formed because of use of a compound having the hydroxyl groups as a diol are attached to an ortho position of a benzene ring and be removed by treatment of Al3+ or Fe3+. Thus, the surface can be reused by forming a new self-assembled coating layer, thereby making the surface treatment composition be applied to various researches and industrial fields of the self-assembly coating layer which are used for reduction in metal abrasion resistance, introduction of a chemical functional group for detecting a biomolecule, the surface hydrophilicity, introduction of an antifouling property to the surface, and the like.

Abstract: Provided are an organic/inorganic/hybrid perovskite nanocrystal particle light-emitter having a gradient structure, a method of producing the same, and a light emitting element using the same. The organic/inorganic/hybrid perovskite nanocrystal particle light-emitter having a gradient structure includes an organic/inorganic/hybrid perovskite nanocrystal which is dispersible in an organic solvent, wherein the nanocrystal has a gradient composition in which a composition is changed from the center thereof to the outside. Therefore, the gradual change in the content in the nanocrystal may be used to uniformly adjust a fraction in the nanocrystal, to reduce surface oxidation, and to improve exciton confinement in the perovskite present in large quantities inside the nanocrystal, and thus light luminescence efficiency may be improved and durability and stability may be increased.

Abstract: An all digital phase locked loop (ADPLL) includes an integer part phase processing circuit that outputs an integer part frequency signal using a first value and a second value. The first value is obtained by counting edges of one of a plurality of output clock signals. The second value indicates current edge position information on an edge position of an external reference clock signal with respect to the plurality of output clock signals. The ADPLL further includes a fraction part phase processing circuit that selects two adjacent output clock signals of the plurality of output clock signals according to a prediction selection signal and that generates a fraction part frequency signal using the fraction part phase signal, the prediction selection signal being generated according to a fraction part phase signal indicating fraction part phase information and a signal indicating the current edge position information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a technique for implementing a bidirectional DC-DC converter applied to an energy storage system. The bidirectional DC-DC converter includes a magnetically coupled inductor and a charging/discharging voltage storage unit between a DC link power supply and a battery power supply, and implements a high gain through a two-step voltage transformation process when a charging process or discharging process is performed. Thus, the bidirectional DC-DC converter can reduce the construction cost of the battery cell, guarantee a high voltage available range, and reduce the influence of leakage inductance.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for performing a Superposition Coded Modulation (SCM) scheme in a broadcasting or communication system including a controller are provided. The method includes controlling an SCM coefficient by the controller. The SCM coefficient is controlled according to a channel capacity of each layer of one or more layers in which information included in a signal is encoded.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device includes an anode, the anode including a conductive polymer, a fluorine-containing organic material, and metal nanoparticles, a cathode facing the anode, and an emission layer between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel use of a composition containing, as an active ingredient, an amodiaquine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and specifically, to a metabolic disease prevention, alleviation or treatment use of a composition containing, as an active ingredient, an amodiaquine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the composition activating both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-?) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-?).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to non-noble metal-based catalysts used as electrode materials for fuel cells, and methods of manufacturing the same. In an aspect of the present inventions, provided herein is a non-noble metal-based catalyst for an electrode of a fuel cell. The non-noble metal-based catalyst comprise a porous carbon having a first pore and a second pore smaller than the first pore. The first pore has a pore size of about 5 to 100 nm and has an inner wall into which an active site of the non-noble metal-based catalyst is introduced.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for modulating data including a controller. The controller is configured to determine sizes of a first complex-number component and a second complex-number component of input data, and determine a cell to assign a sine wave to the input data, based on a difference between the sizes of the first complex-number component and the second complex-number component.

Abstract: A catalyst according to an example embodiment includes an LTA zeolite having copper ions, wherein the weight ratio of copper to aluminum is from about 0.14 to about 0.58, and the weight ratio of silicon to aluminum of the LTA zeolite exceeds 1.

Abstract: An object recognition apparatus and method thereof are disclosed. An exemplary apparatus may determine an image feature vector of a first image by applying a convolution network to the first image. The convolution network may extract features from image learning sets that include the first image and a sample segmentation map of the first image. The exemplary apparatus may determine a segmentation map of the first image by applying a deconvolution network to the determined image feature vector. The exemplary apparatus may determine a weight of the convolution network and a weight of the deconvolution network based on the sample segmentation map and the first segmentation map. The exemplary apparatus may determine a second segmentation map of a second image through the convolution network using the determined weight of the convolution network and through the deconvolution network using the determined weight of the deconvolution network.

Abstract: An optical microscopic apparatus for creating a super-resolution image of an organism or biological matter, the optical microscopic apparatus includes a light source configured to provide visible light including evanescent waves, a hyper-lens unit including a front surface on which a specimen is placed, the hyper-lens unit including a multi-layered structure to convert at least part of the evanescent waves incident on the front surface into propagating waves, an objective lens for collecting visible light emitted from a rear surface of the hyper-lens unit, and an image capturing unit to capture visible light emitted from the objective lens and to create an image of the specimen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly conductive electrolyte comprising an ionic liquid and to a polymer electrolyte membrane using same, and more particularly, to a highly conductive polymer electrolyte membrane impregnated with a heterocyclic diazole-based ionic liquid and to a method for manufacturing same.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional printing composition including decellularized extracellular matrix; and riboflavin as a crosslinking agent. A three-dimensional structure having high mechanical strength can be prepared by performing a printing process using the three-dimensional printing composition according to the present invention and a layer-by-layer process through crosslinking under UVA light to prepare a three-dimensional structure configuration; and then performing thermal gelation of the three-dimensional structure configuration. Further provided is a method for preparing said three-dimensional printing composition and a method for preparing a three-dimensional structure using said three-dimensional printing composition.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a photoactive layer comprising an electron acceptor, an electron donor, and a compound comprising a functional group decreasing surface energy, an organic photovoltaic cell comprising the same, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A method by which a tracking apparatus tracks a target object includes: acquiring a first tree structure indicating a tracking processing order of frames, each frame including a tracking area in which the target object is located; acquiring a plurality of frame groups, each frame group consisting of two frames, and acquiring distance evaluation values of the respective frame groups; acquiring a second tree structure based on the first tree structure and the distance evaluation values; and tracking the target object based on the acquired second tree structure, wherein the distance evaluation value is determined based on at least one of locations of tracking areas included in two frames belonging to the frame group and pixel values included in the tracking areas.

Abstract: A data transmission and reception system may include: a data transmission apparatus configured to generate N Tx signals having discrete levels using N binary data, and output the N Tx signals to N single-ended signal lines, respectively, where N is a natural number equal to or larger than 2; and a data reception apparatus configured to receive the N Tx signals transmitted in parallel through the single-ended signal lines, and restore the N binary data by comparing the received N Tx signals to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a nickel ferrite nanoparticle composite having an inverse spinel structure obtained using a polyol process, a nickel ferrite nanoparticle composite prepared by the method, and a method for selectively binding, separating or purifying a specific protein using the nickel ferrite nanoparticle composite. The method for preparing a magnetic nanoparticle composite according to the present invention includes a one-step hydrothermal synthesis process, and thereby the magnetic nanoparticle composite can be prepared in a simple and economic manner. Also, the nickel ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by the method of the present invention can be strongly magnetic, and also exist in the form of Ni2+ in which Ni binds to a specific protein, thereby preventing loss of separability caused by additional oxidation and repeated recycling of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carbazole compound having anti-virus activity, and more particularly, to a novel compound selected from the group of consisting of a carbazole compound which shows excellent anti-proliferative efficacy against hepatitis C virus (HCV), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, and an isomer thereof; an anti-virus pharmaceutical composition including the novel compound as an active ingredient; a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating liver diseases caused by hepatitis C virus; and a method of preparing the novel compound.