Abstract: Nanochannel arrays that enable high-throughput macromolecular analysis are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of preparing nanochannel arrays and nanofluidic chips. Methods of analyzing macromolecules, such as entire strands of genomic DNA, are also disclosed, as well as systems for carrying out these methods.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling metabolic enzymes or pathways in cells to produce a chemical above the levels of a wild-type strain is disclosed. The system utilizes cells, including yeasts, bacteria, and molds, having at least two genes capable of being controlled bi-directionally with light, where one gene is turned from off to on when exposed to light and another gene is turned from on to off when exposed to light, the two genes reversing when the light is turned off. Cells may utilize any number of sequences that benefit chemical production, including sequences that: encode for constitutive transcription of light-activated transcription factor fusions; encode for a metabolic enzyme; encode for a repressor; induce expression of metabolic enzymes; and an endogenous or exogenous activator expressed by a constitutive promoter, inducible promoter, or gene circuit.

Abstract: A method for the electrohydrodynamic deposition of carbonaceous materials utilizing an electrohydrodynamic cell comprising two electrodes comprised of a conductive material, by first combining a solid phase comprising a carbonaceous material and a suspension medium, placing the suspension between the electrodes, applying an electric field in a first direction, varying the intensity of the electric field sufficiently to drive lateral movement, increasing the electrical field to stop the lateral transport and fix the layers in place, then removing the applied field and removing the electrodes. Among the many different possibilities contemplated, the method may advantageously utilize: varying the spacing between the electrodes; removing the buildup from one or both electrodes; placing the electrodes into different suspensions; adjusting the concentration, pH, or temperature of the suspension(s); and varying the direction, intensity or duration of the electric fields.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the field of quasicrystalline structures. In preferred embodiments, the stopgap structure is more spherically symmetric than periodic structures facilitating the formation of stopgaps in nearly all directions because of higher rotational symmetries. More particularly, the invention relates to the use of quasicrystalline structures for optical, mechanical, electrical and magnetic purposes. In some embodiments, the invention relates to manipulating, controlling, modulating and directing waves including electromagnetic, sound, spin, and surface waves, for pre-selected range of wavelengths propagating in multiple directions.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for DNA barcoding of designer mononucleosome and polynucleosome (chromatin array) libraries for use, for example, for the profiling of chromatin readers, writers, erasers, and modulators thereof.

Abstract: Provided are phosphonopyrazole-based phosphohistidine analogs that are useful as haptens for the preparation of immunogens, immunogens that include these haptens linked to carrier molecules, antibodies thereto and uses of these antibodies, haptens, immunogens and phosphohistidine analogs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are new methods, machines, processes, and systems for separating molecules by determining better materials and process optimization conditions. As a result of these advances, this disclosure provides improved carbon dioxide capture, better flue gas treatments, and more efficient methods of purifying gases have been developed. Optimal sorbents can be obtained by using a computational screening method that selects microporous structures (e.g. zeolites and metal-organic frameworks) from a database of materials with the greatest potential for cost-effective separations. The disclosed methods are the first to consider both the size and shape of the adsorbent material. This is also the first disclosure to consider the process application and cost when selecting which material to use.

Abstract: An “inverse” precipitation route to precipitate aqueous soluble species with copolymers as nanoparticles having a hydrophilic, polar core and a less polar shell is described.

Abstract: This disclosure provides, among other things, a nanosensor comprising a substrate and one or a plurality of pillars extending from a surface of the substrate, where the pillars comprise a metallic dot structure, a metal disc, and a metallic back plane. The nanosensor comprises a molecular adhesion layer that covers at least a part of the metallic dot structure, the metal disc, and/or the metallic back plane and a capture agent bound to the molecular adhesion layer. The nanosensor amplifies a light signal from an analyte, when the analyte is specifically bound to the capture agent.

Abstract: An approach to implementing or configuring an Oblivious RAM (ORAM), which in addition to behaving as a RAM, provides a way to meet a specified degree of privacy in a manner that avoids applying unnecessary computation resources (computation time and/or storages space and/or data transfer) to achieve the specified degree of privacy. In this way, a tradeoff between privacy and computation resources may be tuned to address requirements of a particular application. This ability to tune this tradeoff is not found in other ORAM implementations, which in general aim to achieve complete privacy. In some implementations, the ORAM provides a constant bandwidth overhead compared to conventional RAMs, while achieving a statistical privacy as desired by the user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to granular composite density enhancement, and related methods and compositions. The applications where these properties are valuable include but are not limited to: 1) additive manufacturing (“3D printing”) involving metallic, ceramic, cermet, polymer, plastic, or other dry or solvent-suspended powders or gels, 2) concrete materials, 3) solid propellant materials, 4) cermet materials, 5) granular armors, 6) glass-metal and glass-plastic mixtures, and 7) ceramics comprising (or manufactured using) granular composites.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods for identifying cancer patients with a poor prognosis, and to therapeutic modalities for improving prognosis by combating metastasis and abrogating chemoresistance in cancer cells. Embodiments of the present invention provide an objective means of prognostication regarding the long-term outcome of an incident of cancer, breast cancer in particular. Therapeutic modalities include immunotherapy and anti-sense therapy. Prognosis is determined by measuring the number of copies of the metadherin gene in the patient's cells.

Abstract: Provided are astexin-1, astexin-2 and astexin-3 lasso peptides, which are based on sequences identified in Asticcacaulis excentricus, and methods of making and using same. Astexin-1 is highly polar, in contrast to many lasso peptides that are primarily hydrophobic, and has modest antimicrobial activity against Caulobacter crescentus, a bacterium related to Asticcacaulis excentricus. The solution structure of astexin-1 was determined, revealing a unique topology that is stabilized by hydrogen bonding between segments of the peptide. Astexins-2 and -3 are intracellular lasso peptides.

Abstract: Methods of halogenating a carbon containing compound having an sp3 C—H bond are provided. Methods of fluorinating a carbon containing compound comprising halogenation with Cl or Br followed by nucleophilic substitution with F are provided. Methods of direct oxidative C—H fluorination of a carbon containing compound having an sp3 C—H bond are provided. The halogenated products of the methods are provided.

Abstract: An exemplary quantum dot device can be provided, which can include, for example, at least three conductive layers and at least two insulating layers electrically insulating the at least three conductive layers from one another. For example, one of the conductive layers can be composed of a different material than the other two of the conductive layers. The conductive layers can be composed of (i) aluminum, (ii) gold, (iii) copper or (iv) polysilicon, and/or the at least three conductive layers can be composed at least partially of (i) aluminum, (ii) gold, (iii) copper or (iv) polysilicon. The insulating layers can be composed of (i) silicon oxide, (ii) silicon nitride and/or (iii) aluminum oxide.

Abstract: An “inverse” precipitation route to precipitate aqueous soluble species with copolymers as nanoparticles having a hydrophilic, polar core and a less polar shell is described. The aggregation of these nanoparticles to form larger microparticles and monoliths provides a highly loaded construct (e.g., a depot) for the sustained and controlled release of actives.

Abstract: The invention provides an article of manufacture, and methods of designing and making the article. The article permits or prohibits waves of energy, especially photonic/electromagnetic energy, to propagate through it, depending on the energy band gaps built into it. The structure of the article may be reduced to a pattern of points having a hyperuniform distribution. The point-pattern may exhibit a crystalline symmetry, a quasicrystalline symmetry or may be aperiodic. In some embodiments, the point pattern exhibits no long-range order. Preferably, the point-pattern is isotropic. In all embodiments, the article has a complete, TE- and TM-optimized band-gap. The extraordinary transmission phenomena found in the disordered hyperuniform photonic structures of the invention find use in optical micro-circuitry (all-optical, electronic or thermal switching of the transmission), near-field optical probing, thermophotovoltaics, and energy-efficient incandescent sources.

Abstract: Nanochannel arrays that enable high-throughput macromolecular analysis are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of preparing nanochannel arrays and nanofluidic chips. Methods of analyzing macromolecules, such as entire strands of genomic DNA, are also disclosed, as well as systems for carrying out these methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a self-aligning mirror device for transmission line offset correction. The disclosed self-aligning mechanism automatically adjusts deflectors to couple radiation between two or more offset waveguides or optical fibers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus relating generally to scalar atomic magnetometers. The disclosed methods and apparatus utilize a pressurized sample chamber and a high frequency pulsed pump laser to increase spin polarization and significantly suppress heading errors. These methods and apparatus may also include alternating polarization of the pump light between pulses.