Abstract: A control system for a vehicle having an electric motor for providing drive torque to at least one wheel of the vehicle, an internal combustion engine for providing drive torque to at least one wheel of the vehicle, a manual transmission unit having a user selectable gear ratio that includes at least one user selectable forward gear and/or reverse gear, and a clutch actuator, the control system comprising a controller arranged to have three user selectable modes of operation, wherein in a first mode of operation the controller is arranged to allow the clutch actuator to engage and disengage the internal combustion engine from the manual transmission unit based upon a user selection, wherein when the clutch actuator is arranged to engage the internal combustion engine with the manual transmission unit, torque generated by the internal combustion engine is applied to the at least one wheel, and the electric motor is arranged to provide drive torque to the at least one wheel of the vehicle based on whether the u

Abstract: A radial portion of a rotor is rotatably mounted to a stator and a cylindrical portion axially extends over radial teeth formed on the stator. A first surface of the first soft ferromagnetic material element is mounted to an inner surface of the cylindrical portion and a second surface of the first soft ferromagnetic material element has mounted on it a first magnet such that a surface of a pole of the first magnet is oriented substantially non perpendicular to a line from the centre of the rotor to the first magnet. A first surface of a second soft ferromagnetic material element is mounted to the first magnet such that the first magnet is sandwiched between the first and second soft ferromagnetic material elements. A second surface of the second soft ferromagnetic material element is substantially perpendicular to the line from the centre of the rotor to the first magnet.

Abstract: A capacitor component including a first busbar, a first electrode and a second electrode separated by a dielectric film, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode and the dielectric film are arranged in a annular ring with the first busbar arranged around the outer circumference of the annular ring, wherein the first busbar is in electrical contact with the first electrode and the first busbar includes a gap in a circumferential portion of the first busbar.

Abstract: An electric motor or generator comprising a stator with at least one coil winding, wherein the stator includes a first surface having a section of the at least one coil winding extending in a direction away from the first surface, and a control module having a housing with a first side that is arranged to be mounted to the first surface of the stator, wherein the housing includes a first element for detecting current flow, and a control device for controlling current flow in the at least one coil winding based upon the current flow detected by the first element, wherein the section of the at least one coil winding that is arranged to extend away from the first surface is arranged to extend through an aperture formed on the first side of the housing for coupling to the control device, wherein the first element is mounted in the housing adjacent to the aperture.

Abstract: A bearing arrangement for mounting a wheel and an electric motor or generator having a stator and a rotor to a vehicle, the bearing arrangement comprising a sealing element and a bearing block, wherein the bearing block includes a first coupling element for coupling to a first radial wall of the rotor and the wheel, and a second coupling element for coupling to the stator and/or the vehicle, with a first bearing mounted between the first coupling element and the second coupling element to allow the first coupling element and the second coupling element to rotate relative to each other, wherein the first coupling element includes a mounting flange having a bolt hole arranged to extend through the mounting flange for receiving a bolt at a first aperture of the bolt hole for coupling the rotor and the wheel to the first coupling element, wherein the sealing element is arranged to be mounted over a second aperture of the bolt hole for inhibiting the ingress of dirt through the bolt hole.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electric motor, the method comprising receiving a command to place the electric motor in a short circuit mode; varying a limit to an available pulse width modulation depth for controlling current flow in the electric motor to a predetermined value over a predetermined time period or at a predetermined rate of change; wherein upon the pulse width modulation depth limit being varied to the predetermined value placing the electric motor in the short circuit mode

Abstract: An electric motor or generator having a stator with stator teeth for mounting electrical coils and a rotor, wherein the stator has a first surface that is substantially perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the rotor and the rotor has a second surface that is formed in substantially the same radial position as the stator's first surface, wherein upon the rotor being pivoted perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor the first surface and the second surface are arranged to prevent the rotor coming into contact with the stator teeth.

Abstract: An electric motor or generator comprising a stator having stator teeth for mounting electrical coils, a rotor, a first electrical device arranged to control current in the electric coils to generate a rotational torque on the rotor and a second electrical device arranged to modify current provided to the first electrical device, wherein the stator includes a cooling arrangement having a cooling channel arranged to cool the electrical coils, the first electrical device and the second electrical device.

Abstract: A stator for an electric motor, the stator comprising a back-iron having a first surface and a heat sink having a second surface, wherein the first surface of the back-iron includes a plurality of keying features arranged to retain the heat sink to the back-iron, wherein the heat sink is arranged to provide cooling to the back-iron via the second surface, and wherein the second surface has complementary keying features to the plurality of keying features on the first surface that are formed by casting the heat sink on the first surface of the back-iron.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle having a first wheel (101) arranged to be driven by a first drive source and a second wheel (101) arranged to be driven by a second drive source, wherein the first wheel and the second wheel are transversely located on the vehicle, the control system comprising a controller (102) and a monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device is arranged to monitor the power differential between the power being applied to the first wheel by the first drive source and the power being applied to the second wheel by the second drive source, wherein upon a determination that the power differential between the power being applied to the first wheel and the second wheel is greater than a predetermined value, the controller is arranged to reduce the power differential.

Abstract: An electric motor or generator having a stator having two coil sets arranged to produce a magnetic field for generating a drive torque; two control devices; and a first capacitor arranged to be coupled to a power source for providing current to the two control devices, wherein the first control device is coupled to a first coil set and the first capacitor and the second control device is coupled to a second coil set and the first capacitor, wherein each control device is arranged to control current in the respective coil set to generate a magnetic field in the respective coil set.

Abstract: A torque control system for a vehicle having a plurality of wheels, wherein at least two of the wheels are arranged to be driven by separate electric motors, the system comprising a master controller arranged to monitor the torque generated by at least one of the electric motors and upon a determination that the torque produced by the at least one electric motor is reduced as a result of a predetermined condition the master controller is arranged to adjust the torque generated in the at least one electric motor and/or another electric motor so that the torque generated by the at least one electric motor and the another electric motor are substantially the same.

Abstract: A stator or rotor for an electric motor or generator comprising a plurality of teeth for receiving coil windings, wherein each tooth has an injection molded plastic layer formed on a plurality of sides of each tooth with a first gap formed in the injection molded plastic layer on a first side of each of the teeth with a first insulation element placed in the first gap formed in the injection molded plastic layer, wherein the injection molded plastic layer and first insulation element are arranged to electrically insulate the plurality of teeth from the coil windings.

Abstract: A control device for a vehicle comprising a moveable element and means for outputting a signal indicative of an angle that a wheel of a vehicle should be rotated through, thereby allowing movement of the vehicle, wherein the indicated angle is based on the degree of movement the moveable element is moved through.

Abstract: A control system for an electric motor, the control system comprising a first control device arranged to control an operation of a first component of the electric motor; a second control device arranged to control an operation of a second component of the electric motor, wherein the first control device is arranged to transmit to the second control device a first signal for indicating the transmission of data over a first communication link to the second control device, wherein the second control device is arranged to use the timing of the first signal to synchronize the operation of the second component with the operation of the first component.

Abstract: An inverter for an electric motor or generator having a first device and a second device mounted on an element. The first device includes a first switch, a first contact arranged to be coupled to a first terminal of a power source, and a second contact. The second device includes a second switch, a third contact arranged to be coupled to a second terminal of a power source, and a fourth contact. The first device and the second device are mounted on the element such that a portion of the first contact of the first device that is arranged to be coupled to the first terminal of a power source and a portion of the third contact of the second device that is arranged to be coupled to second terminal of a power source are located adjacent to each other on a first region of the element and the second contact of the first device and the fourth contact of the second device are arranged to be coupled to a coil winding of the electric motor or generator.

Abstract: A stator back-iron or rotor back-iron of an electric motor, for receiving coil windings comprises a support (2) with a plurality of teeth (3) radially distributed about the support. The teeth are arranged to receive wire windings and are integrally formed with the support. The teeth and support are formed of laminations. The support further comprises a plurality of engagement means (5) formed between the teeth arranged to receive additional teeth (6) having wire windings mounted thereon. Preferably the engagement means are provided between adjacent teeth. The support and integral teeth provide a rigid structure while the spacing provided by using additional teeth makes it easier to wind coils.

Abstract: A control system for an electric motor, the control system comprising a first control device arranged to control current in a first coil set of the electric motor and a second control device arranged to control current in a second coil set of the electric motor; wherein the first control device includes a first interface arrangement for receiving data from a first controller for allowing the first control device to determine a required current flow in the first coil set, wherein the first interface arrangement is arranged to communicate data to the second control device for allowing the second control device to determine a required current flow in the second coil set.

Abstract: An electric motor or generator having a stator with stator teeth for mounting electrical coils and a rotor, wherein the stator has a first surface that is substantially perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the rotor and the rotor has a second surface that is formed in substantially the same radial position as the stator's first surface, wherein upon the rotor being pivoted perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor the first surface and the second surface are arranged to prevent the rotor coming into contact with the stator teeth.

Abstract: A suspension control system for a vehicle having a wheel (52) mounted to the vehicle via a suspension device mounted to a mounting point on the vehicle with an electric motor being arranged to apply to the wheel a torque for driving the wheel, the suspension control system comprising a controller arranged to modulate a torque applied to the wheel by the electric motor based on the relative longitudinal movement of the wheel with respect to the mounting point on the vehicle.