Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods for rare event detection using mass tags. In certain embodiments, the invention provides methods for detecting a target analyte in a sample that involve conducting an assay that specifically associates a mass tag with a target analyte in a sample, generating ions of the mass tag, and analyzing the generated ions of the mass tag, thereby detecting the target analyte from the sample.

Abstract: A packet of data and a packet-identification value are transmitted to a network device having an identifier. The stored packet-identification value and the identifier are recorded. The stored packet-identification value is then increased and the process repeats. To receive data, an expected identification value is stored in association with the identifier. A packet and a packet-identification value are received from the network device. The identifier and an indication of receipt are stored. If the received value does not match the expected value for the identifier, the received value is stored. If the values match, the stored packet-identification value and identifier are recorded. If the received value exceeds the expected value, the stored packet-identification value, the identifier and the received identifier are recorded. Subsequently, the stored expected value is increased. The process repeats. Network devices and systems are described.

Abstract: Conjugates of antifolates, releasable linkers, and drugs, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them are described. The conjugates are useful for treating diseases arising from pathogenic cell populations. Methods for treating such diseases are also described.

Abstract: A regularized multi-metric active learning (AL) image classification system which includes three main parts. First, a regularized multi-metric learning process is utilized to jointly learn distinct metrics for different types of image features from remotely sensed image data. The regularizer incorporates the unlabeled data based on the neighborhood relationship, which helps avoid overfitting at early stages of AL, when the quantity of training data is particularly small. Then, as AL proceeds, the regularizer is also updated through similarity propagation, thus taking advantage of informative labeled samples. Finally, multiple features are projected into a common feature space, in which a batch-mode AL strategy combining uncertainty and diversity is utilized in conjunction with k-nearest neighbor (kNN) classification to enrich the set of labeled samples.

Abstract: Described herein are prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) binding conjugates that are useful for delivering therapeutic, diagnostic and imaging agents. Also described herein are pharmaceutical composition containing them and methods of using the conjugates and compositions. Also described are processes for manufacture of the conjugates and the compositions containing them.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for measuring tyrosine kinase activity using degradation resistant biosensors comprising a reporter sequence, a target sequence, and a transduction sequence. In certain embodiments, the invention includes a biosensor comprising a peptide comprising a reporter sequence, i.e., an amino acid sequence including a tyrosine residue that can be phosphorylated by a tyrosine kinase. In certain embodiments, a biosensor comprises a reporter sequence configured to resist degradation from proteases, a targeting sequence coupled to the reporter sequence and configured to bind to a protein interaction domain of a kinase, and a transduction sequence coupled to the targeting sequence.

Abstract: An apparatus for trapping and sensing nanoparticles using plasmonic nanopores, comprising a conductive transparent layer, a conductive film layer mounted to a substrate, the film layer comprising a plurality of nanopores for trapping nanoparticles contained in a fluid situated between the conductive transparent layer and the conductive film layer, and an electric field source connected between the transparent layer and the film layer.

Abstract: A method of making an optical device including forming a plurality of holes with varying radii milled vertically into a film, wherein said holes form a pattern. The radius of each hole determines an effective refractive index for said hole. The effective refractive index modifies a phase and an intensity of an incoming electromagnetic radiation as the radiation propagates through said hole. The device is configured to be operating equally for each linearly polarized radiation simultaneously, wherein the each linearly polarized radiation is normally incident on the device.

Abstract: A vibration control system for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is disclosed. The system includes a base platform fixedly coupled to a UAV structure, a working platform coupled to the base platform by two or more cables at two or more connection points on the working platform, and two or more actuators positioned either on the base platform or the working platform, each actuator configured to receive a signal to adjust tension in a corresponding cable, wherein by adjusting tension in the two or more cables, natural frequency of the working platform can be adjusted in response to frequency of vibration experienced by the working platform in order to maintain a frequency ratio (FR) of the vibration frequency to the natural frequency at or above a predetermined value.

Abstract: An apparatus for viewing a biological sample that functions as both a microscope and an interferometer. A short-coherence light source directs light onto the sample. A Fourier transform lens and a pixel-array detector are positioned to collect light scattered by the sample. An optic fiber assembly conveys a reference beam from the short-coherence light source. The detector collects the reference beam and the signal beam and uses coherence gating to acquire interferometric image data. In some embodiments the axis of the incident light striking the sample and the axis of collected scattered signal light form an angle of less than 180 degrees and advantageously an angle between 120 and 150 degrees. A method of converting a microscope into an interferometer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for generating an energy usage profile for a software program executed in a computing device includes generating a call trace of an executed system call, identifying a first power consumption and duration of a first power state due to the first system call using a model, identifying a second power consumption and duration of a second power state based on the model, and generating an energy usage profile for the software program. The energy usage profile includes energy consumption of the computing device for the system call based on the first power consumption level multiplied by the first duration and the second power consumption level multiplied by the second duration associated an identifier for the call trace.

Abstract: A virtual reality system, comprising an electronic 2d interface having a depth sensor, the depth sensor allowing a user to provide input to the system to instruct the system to create a virtual 3D object in a real-world environment. The virtual 3D object is created with reference to at least one external physical object in the real-world environment, with the external physical object concurrently displayed with the virtual 3D object by the interface. The virtual 3D object is based on physical artifacts of the external physical object.

Abstract: A method of producing flakes containing nanostructures from a part made of a material. The method includes subjecting the part made of the material to peening by shots driven by ultrasonic energy for a period of time, wherein nano structures form on the surface of the part and, subsequently, damage to the part caused by continued peening of the part by the shots driven by ultrasonic energy results in separation of flakes containing nanostructures from the part made of the material. Nanocrystalline flakes containing fractured surfaces, microcracks, nanograins and nanolamellae. Sensors comprising nanocrystalline flakes containing fractured surfaces, microcracks, nanograins and nanolamellae.

Abstract: A collaborative 3D modeling system, comprising a computer processing unit, a digital memory, and an electronic display, the computer processing unit and the digital memory configured to provide 3D model representations of a first plurality of versions of an object component for a first user, the versions being selectable along a first axis, and using the electronic display, provide a plurality of user identifications which are selectable along a second axis, wherein selecting a subsequent user causes a second plurality of said versions of said object component to be displayed on the electronic display.

Abstract: A switching device is disclosed. The switching device includes a spin-orbit coupling (SOC) layer, a pure spin conductor (PSC) layer disposed atop the SOC layer, a ferromagnetic (FM) layer disposed atop the PSC layer, and a normal metal (NM) layer sandwiched between the PSC layer and the FM layer. The PSC layer is a ferromagnetic insulator (FMI) is configured to funnel spins from the SOC layer onto the NM layer and to further provide a charge insulation so as to substantially eliminate current shunting from the SOC layer while allowing spins to pass through. The NM layer is configured to funnel spins from the PSC layer into the FM layer.

Abstract: Heat transfer devices and systems are provided for the rapid cooling of pulsed high-powered, high-flux devices using flash boiling. Such devices comprise at least two fluidly connected chambers and a heat exchanger in thermal communication with a heat source. A flash boiling event is actively triggered at a location close to the heat source by rapid depressurization of the chamber containing a multi-phase coolant. This boiling process allows for high heat transfer rates from the heat source into the chambers due to the latent heat of vaporization, which results in the rapid cooling of the heat source. A porous medium may also be positioned within a chamber of the device to enhance boiling nucleation and extended surface heat transfer. Methods of rapidly cooling pulsed heat sources are also provided using the devices and systems hereof.

Abstract: Processes for producing and treating thin-films comprising nanomaterials are provided. A process of producing a transparent conducting film includes printing nanomaterials on a substrate, and directing a laser beam onto the nanomaterials to weld junctions between the nanomaterials. A process for tightly integrating nanomaterials with 2D material includes locating the 2D material over the nanomaterials, and directing a laser beam towards the 2D material to produce laser shock pressure sufficient to wrap the 2D material on the nanomaterials. A process of reducing the resistivity of a transparent conducting film includes directing a first laser beam towards a transparent conducting film having nanomaterials thereon such that the nanomaterials experience laser shock pressure sufficient to compress the nanomaterials, and then directing a second laser beam towards the transparent conducting film such that junctions between the nanomaterials are fused.

Abstract: This present application relates to a drug delivery method. In particular, the present invention discloses a non-invasive drug delivery method using Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) an analogue, or a fragment thereof. Incorporation of those peptides or a fragment thereof, either by a physical mixture of a pharmaceutical formulation or as a covalent construction at a molecular level or nanoscale is within the scope of this disclosure.

Abstract: Methods of refolding proteins are provided, especially cysteine-containing proteins such as insulin, proinsulin, and analogues thereof. The methods make used of tandem folding via the addition, at two different time, of two different reducing agents. A first reversible reducing agent can be added to induce folding and, at a later time, a second irreversible reducing agent can be added to prevent and/or reverse the formation of aggregates via intermolecular sulfide bonds. The methods can be used to reform a variety of cysteine-containing proteins with high yield of the native form, e.g. about 60 mol %, 70 mol %, or more.

Abstract: A reference imaging system including a planar reference piece. The reference imaging system further includes a three-axis gantry for positioning the planar reference piece at a plurality of points in a 3D coordinate system. Additionally, the reference imaging system includes a yaw actuator for adjusting the yaw angle of the object. Furthermore, the reference imaging system includes a pitch actuator for adjusting the pitch of the object. Moreover, the reference imaging system includes a computer processing unit for controlling the 3D position, pitch and yaw of the planar reference piece.