Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas sensor arrangement comprising at least one radiation source emitting radiation, a gas measuring chamber which may be filled with a gaseous analyte containing at least one analyte to be measured, and comprising at least one detector device which detects the radiation and generates an output signal indicating the presence and/or the concentration of the analyte. In order to provide an improved gas sensor arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset which ensures, in a particularly simple manner, long-term stable operation of the arrangement even over long periods of time, the control device comprises a power detection unit which may be operated to measure the electrical output consumed by the at least one radiation source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measuring the presence and/or the concentration of an analyte using a gas sensor assembly and to a corresponding gas sensor assembly. The gas sensor assembly comprises, in particular, a radiation-emitting radiation source (102), a gas measurement chamber (104) which may be filled with a test gas (110) containing the at least one analyte to be measured, and at least one detector device (108) which detects the radiation (116) and generates an output signal which is dependent on the presence and/or the concentration of the analyte.

Abstract: A gas sensor arrangement comprises a first half-shell mateable with a second half-shell. The first half-shell has a detector receiving opening and radiation source receiving apertures. A gas measuring chamber is formed between the first half-shell and the second half-shell. The gas measuring chamber extends between the detector receiving opening and the radiation source receiving apertures. Concave mirrors are arranged around the radiation source receiving apertures. The concave mirrors are formed by inner surfaces of the first and second half-shells. Tubes extend from the concave mirrors to the detector receiving opening. The tubes are formed by the inner surfaces of the first and second half-shells. The inner surfaces are coated with a reflective material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power unit comprising at least one power electronics module, a circuit carrier, which is connected to said power electronics module, and at least one heat sink, which is connected to said power electronics module, in order to dissipate heat. The invention also relates to an associated heat sink and a corresponding assembly method. In order to provide a power unit and an associated assembly method which allows improved dissipation of air heat, as well as adequate electrical insulation of the power modules and simplified implementation, the circuit carrier comprises at least one through hole. At least one contact extension located on the heat sink, which is at least partially received by the through hole. The contact extension of the heat sink is thermally contacted with the power electronics module by means of a heat-conductive material.

Abstract: A gas sensor arrangement comprises a gas measuring chamber containing a gaseous analyte. First and second radiation sources emit radiation. The first radiation source operates as a measuring radiation source and the second radiation source operates as a reference radiation source. The radiation is directed through the gas measuring chamber and into a detector that generates an output signal depending on the presence of the gaseous analyte. A control device evaluates the output signal from the detector. The control device interchanges the operation of the first and second radiation sources after a predetermined service life.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for identifying locations on a touchscreen of at least two touch events that occur within a predetermined time of one another comprises monitoring the touchscreen for touch events. Each touch event occurs at a discrete location on the touchscreen defined by an XY coordinate pair. A coordinate series is generated including at least two X coordinates and at least two Y coordinates when first and second touch events occur within a predetermined time of one another. When a release event occurs, the release event is correlated with one of the X coordinates and one of the Y coordinates in the coordinate series to form a first XY coordinate pair corresponding to the first touch event. The first XY coordinate pair associated with the first touch event is output.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting multiple touch events on a touchscreen system and determining the occurrence of tie events. The system comprises a touchscreen, a touchscreen controller and a microprocessor. The touchscreen comprises a touch surface for receiving touch events. Each of the touch events occurs at a discrete location on the touch surface defined by coordinates. The touchscreen controller monitors the touch surface for the touch events. The microprocessor compares the touch events and determines a tie occurrence when the touch events occur within a predetermined time of one another.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high voltage connector arrangement comprising an elongate electrically insulated module, which may be an insulated and screened surge arrester module, and an insulated connector for connecting the module to electrical equipment, which may be switchgear. The arrangement may be such that components of the module are protected from excess current flow therethrough, or the electrical field at the connector end of the conductive layer screen of the module is reduced. In an embodiment, the arrangement can achieve both of these results. The protection of the module is achieved by placing an electrode of the module within an insulated, and advantageously screened, arm of the connector adjacent the end of the conductive layer screen of the module. The electrode may comprise the electrode at one end of the module or may be spaced therefrom, for example by a component of the module.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit for generating signals with a predetermined oscillator frequency is provided. The oscillator circuit has at least one resonator and at least one load impedance connected to the resonator. The oscillator circuit may be fully automatically trimmed and economically produced and, moreover, is of an improved quality wherein the load impedance comprises at least one structure which may be machined by means of high-energy radiation to trim the resonant characteristics of the oscillator circuit.

Abstract: A gas sensor arrangement for detecting the presence or concentration of an analyte in a measuring gas comprises a gas measuring chamber having an inlet for receiving the measuring gas. A measuring radiation source is arranged in the gas measuring chamber. The measuring radiation source emits radiation in a non-uniform pulse sequence according to a signal from a controller. A radiation detector receives the radiation emitted from the measuring radiation source. The radiation detector sends an output signal to the controller for processing.

Abstract: An elongate high voltage insulator is formed of a rod or tube of insulating material, with a pair of electrodes spaced apart longitudinally thereof. At least part, and preferably the whole of the outer surface of the insulating material is covered by a layer of material including a particulate filler of varistor powder in a matrix having a switching electrical stress-controlling characteristic that is in electrical contact with each of the electrodes. The insulator core may be made of porcelain, and the stress-controlling material may be zinc oxide.

Abstract: An enclosure for mounting on a substrate includes a rigid tubular support member and a revolvable elastic sleeve having a double wall enclosing lubricant sealed therein. The sleeve is mounted on the support member in an expanded state with a portion of the inner wall of the sleeve secured to the support member so that the sleeve can be revolved over the end of the support member to contract elastically to a less expanded state while retaining a portion of the sleeve on the support.

Abstract: The invention relates to an outdoor sealing end (8) which is elevated on one side. Means (18) for fixing the cable (10) are designed on the base fittings (20). An electric duct (32) is situated inside the sealing end. Additional, conventional means for electrically connecting the cable shield to the earth potential and means for the field control (field control body 33) and the insulation on the inhomogeneous potential transitions on the cable end are provided. The electric duct (32) that is embodied as a pipe or pin is connected to the cable conductor (12) by means of contact elements (42). The duct (32), the insulating body (50) and the top fittings (70) form an assembly unit. The surface of the sealing end is coated with a voltage-dependent field-controlling layer (64).

Abstract: A cable lug for mounting on the end of a cable for making electrical connection between a conductor of the cable and other electrical equipment. The lug includes a palm for connecting the lug to the electrical equipment, a generally elongate cylindrical barrel for receiving therein one end of the cable conductor, and an insert for disposal within the barrel and for extending around and along the inner surface of the barrel to align the lug more concentrically on smaller cables, preferably with the barrel being conveniently made with uniform wall thickness.

Abstract: An outdoor terminal is mounted at one end on a pylon. A base armature is provided fastened to a cable with an electrical feedthrough to the interior of the terminal. The cable terminal is electrically connected to a ground potential and includes a field control element and isolations at inhomogeneous potential transitions on the cable end. The electrical feedthrough is configured as a tube or a pin and is connected to the cable conductor via contract elements. The feedthrough, the insulators and the head armature form one assembly unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing the formation of ice on a substrate exposed to an outdoor environment or for preventing condensation of moisture in a cabinet for electrical equipment includes a sensor for measuring the temperature of the ambient air around the substrate or around or in the cabinet and calculates the rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air. The apparatus further includes a sensor for measuring the temperature of the substrate or of a surface of or inside the cabinet. A heater supplies heat to the substrate or cabinet in response to pre-arranged conditions dependent on the outputs of the sensors and on the calculated rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air. The apparatus for preventing condensation may optionally omit the sensor for measuring the temperature of a surface of or inside the cabinet.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for preventing the formation of ice on a substrate exposed to an outdoor environment or for preventing condensation of moisture in a cabinet for electrical equipment. The apparatus includes a sensor for measuring the temperature of the ambient air around the substrate or around or in the cabinet, means for calculating the rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air, a sensor for measuring the temperature of the substrate or of a surface of or inside the cabinet, and a heater arranged to supply heat to the substrate or cabinet in response to pre-arranged conditions dependent on the outputs of the sensors and on the calculated rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air. The apparatus for preventing condensation may optionally omit the sensor for measuring the temperature of a surface of or inside the cabinet.

Abstract: A failure indicator device for a surge arrester (2) employs a conventional explosive disconnector (10). Operation of the disconnector (10) due to earth fault current passing through the arrester (2) causes an arc to be formed. Movement of the disconnector (10) away from the arrester (2) is guided and limited by a support arrangement (18, 20) that subsequently provides a solid and permanent conductive path to earth (6) from the arrester terminal (12), thus extinguishing the arc.

Abstract: A multi-filament splice enclosure (11) comprising a box-like body (12) having an opening lid (13) allowing access to organiser trays (24) arranged in a stack within the enclosure. The organiser trays are arranged on guide means (28), preferably mounted on a carrier (30) that allows the stack of trays to be raised for access thereto when the lid (13) is open. The trays (24) are removeable from the carrier (30) for access to the individual filaments.

Abstract: A heat shrinkable shed (2) is mounted on a power cable (12) and sealed thereto by a hot-melt adhesive (10). Four projections (8) are equispaced around the interior surface of the shed (2) to penetrate the adhesive (10) and to engage the outer surface of the cable (12) to enhance the longitudinal retention of the shed (2) on the cable (12), particularly under conditions of thermal cycling.