Abstract: An oscillator circuit for generating signals with a predetermined oscillator frequency is provided. The oscillator circuit has at least one resonator and at least one load impedance connected to the resonator. The oscillator circuit may be fully automatically trimmed and economically produced and, moreover, is of an improved quality wherein the load impedance comprises at least one structure which may be machined by means of high-energy radiation to trim the resonant characteristics of the oscillator circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high voltage connector arrangement comprising an elongate electrically insulated module, which may be an insulated and screened surge arrester module, and an insulated connector for connecting the module to electrical equipment, which may be switchgear. The arrangement may be such that components of the module are protected from excess current flow therethrough, or the electrical field at the connector end of the conductive layer screen of the module is reduced. In an embodiment, the arrangement can achieve both of these results. The protection of the module is achieved by placing an electrode of the module within an insulated, and advantageously screened, arm of the connector adjacent the end of the conductive layer screen of the module. The electrode may comprise the electrode at one end of the module or may be spaced therefrom, for example by a component of the module.

Abstract: A gas sensor arrangement for detecting the presence or concentration of an analyte in a measuring gas comprises a gas measuring chamber having an inlet for receiving the measuring gas. A measuring radiation source is arranged in the gas measuring chamber. The measuring radiation source emits radiation in a non-uniform pulse sequence according to a signal from a controller. A radiation detector receives the radiation emitted from the measuring radiation source. The radiation detector sends an output signal to the controller for processing.

Abstract: An elongate high voltage insulator is formed of a rod or tube of insulating material, with a pair of electrodes spaced apart longitudinally thereof. At least part, and preferably the whole of the outer surface of the insulating material is covered by a layer of material including a particulate filler of varistor powder in a matrix having a switching electrical stress-controlling characteristic that is in electrical contact with each of the electrodes. The insulator core may be made of porcelain, and the stress-controlling material may be zinc oxide.

Abstract: An enclosure for mounting on a substrate includes a rigid tubular support member and a revolvable elastic sleeve having a double wall enclosing lubricant sealed therein. The sleeve is mounted on the support member in an expanded state with a portion of the inner wall of the sleeve secured to the support member so that the sleeve can be revolved over the end of the support member to contract elastically to a less expanded state while retaining a portion of the sleeve on the support.

Abstract: The invention relates to an outdoor sealing end (8) which is elevated on one side. Means (18) for fixing the cable (10) are designed on the base fittings (20). An electric duct (32) is situated inside the sealing end. Additional, conventional means for electrically connecting the cable shield to the earth potential and means for the field control (field control body 33) and the insulation on the inhomogeneous potential transitions on the cable end are provided. The electric duct (32) that is embodied as a pipe or pin is connected to the cable conductor (12) by means of contact elements (42). The duct (32), the insulating body (50) and the top fittings (70) form an assembly unit. The surface of the sealing end is coated with a voltage-dependent field-controlling layer (64).

Abstract: A cable lug for mounting on the end of a cable for making electrical connection between a conductor of the cable and other electrical equipment. The lug includes a palm for connecting the lug to the electrical equipment, a generally elongate cylindrical barrel for receiving therein one end of the cable conductor, and an insert for disposal within the barrel and for extending around and along the inner surface of the barrel to align the lug more concentrically on smaller cables, preferably with the barrel being conveniently made with uniform wall thickness.

Abstract: An outdoor terminal is mounted at one end on a pylon. A base armature is provided fastened to a cable with an electrical feedthrough to the interior of the terminal. The cable terminal is electrically connected to a ground potential and includes a field control element and isolations at inhomogeneous potential transitions on the cable end. The electrical feedthrough is configured as a tube or a pin and is connected to the cable conductor via contract elements. The feedthrough, the insulators and the head armature form one assembly unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing the formation of ice on a substrate exposed to an outdoor environment or for preventing condensation of moisture in a cabinet for electrical equipment includes a sensor for measuring the temperature of the ambient air around the substrate or around or in the cabinet and calculates the rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air. The apparatus further includes a sensor for measuring the temperature of the substrate or of a surface of or inside the cabinet. A heater supplies heat to the substrate or cabinet in response to pre-arranged conditions dependent on the outputs of the sensors and on the calculated rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air. The apparatus for preventing condensation may optionally omit the sensor for measuring the temperature of a surface of or inside the cabinet.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for preventing the formation of ice on a substrate exposed to an outdoor environment or for preventing condensation of moisture in a cabinet for electrical equipment. The apparatus includes a sensor for measuring the temperature of the ambient air around the substrate or around or in the cabinet, means for calculating the rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air, a sensor for measuring the temperature of the substrate or of a surface of or inside the cabinet, and a heater arranged to supply heat to the substrate or cabinet in response to pre-arranged conditions dependent on the outputs of the sensors and on the calculated rate of change of the temperature of the ambient air. The apparatus for preventing condensation may optionally omit the sensor for measuring the temperature of a surface of or inside the cabinet.

Abstract: A failure indicator device for a surge arrester (2) employs a conventional explosive disconnector (10). Operation of the disconnector (10) due to earth fault current passing through the arrester (2) causes an arc to be formed. Movement of the disconnector (10) away from the arrester (2) is guided and limited by a support arrangement (18, 20) that subsequently provides a solid and permanent conductive path to earth (6) from the arrester terminal (12), thus extinguishing the arc.

Abstract: A multi-filament splice enclosure (11) comprising a box-like body (12) having an opening lid (13) allowing access to organiser trays (24) arranged in a stack within the enclosure. The organiser trays are arranged on guide means (28), preferably mounted on a carrier (30) that allows the stack of trays to be raised for access thereto when the lid (13) is open. The trays (24) are removeable from the carrier (30) for access to the individual filaments.

Abstract: A connector (10) for joining coaxial or other cables includes an electronic or other connector (12) located in a housing (11). The housing has outlets (17) and (43) for a distribution cable carrying a signal, and outlets (19) for branch cables which take signals away from that cable to subscribers. The outlets (17)(43) may be separate from and are distinguishable from the branch outlets (19). The housing (11) may comprise a base portion (13) with at least one cover portion (14) or (11) which is releasably secured to the base portion by a snap connection to give easy access to the connectors (12) and cables.

Abstract: A heat shrinkable shed (2) is mounted on a power cable (12) and sealed thereto by a hot-melt adhesive (10). Four projections (8) are equispaced around the interior surface of the shed (2) to penetrate the adhesive (10) and to engage the outer surface of the cable (12) to enhance the longitudinal retention of the shed (2) on the cable (12), particularly under conditions of thermal cycling.

Abstract: A closure for a cable joint having a cable inlet having a cable gripper that can provide strain relief to a cable within the inlet, the cable gripper being adjustable to grip cables of different diameters in such a way that the position of the center line of a gripped cable is substantially independent of cable diameter.

Abstract: An electric cable joint is enclosed within a heat shrinkable sleeve. The joint region is sealed against the ingress of moisture by a material made of a non-crystalline polymer whose glass transition temperature is less than -40.degree. C. Further, the material has a viscosity at 35.degree. C. of less than 10.sup.6 Pa-sec and a viscosity at 95.degree. C. of greater than 10.sup.3 Pa-sec (both viscosities measured at a shear rate of 0.02 sec.sup.-1) and a minimum tack value of about 140 gm/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: Device for connecting a coaxial cable end to a contact socket A device for connecting a coaxial cable end (2a) which may be provided with a cable end-plug (4) to a contact socket (3) comprises a further socket element (9) surrounding the contact socket (3), a seal (8) positioned between the further socket element (9) and the coaxial cable (2a), and a pressing element (11,12) which can deform the seal into contact with the coaxial cable (2a) and the further contact element (9). The device provides both a good seal, and strain relief to the completed connection.

Abstract: A surge arrester 2 comprises eight surge arresting varistor blocks 4 stacked within a polymeric outer insulating housing 14. A fibre optic cable 16 is fed into the surge arrester 2 through one end electrode 6, helically wound around all the blocks 4 in good thermal contact therewith and exits through the same electrode 6. A monitoring arrangement 18 compares the light incident on and emergent from the optical cable 16 to determine its integrity and thus the integrity of the surge arrester 2.

Abstract: An electrical cable in-line or branch joint has hydrophobic material located around the connections of the conductors so as to act as a water block. The hydrophobic material is physically prevented from being forced away from the connections into the cables, for example by pressure of water within the cable, by a fibrous material located in and around the crutch regions where the conductors emerge from the cable joints.

Abstract: A method of forming a sheet of material with indicia thereon comprises applying indicia to the sheet by an electrostatic copying process in which a toner powder is deposited on the sheet and is heated to cause it to fuse. The sheet of material comprises a flexible support layer that is provided with a porous coating of a latent curable material, preferably in particulate and/or filamentary form and especially one based on an epoxy material.It has been found that the indicia are more indelible than those formed on other surfaces by the same process even though the fused toner is not absorbed by the curable material.