Abstract: Small molecule compounds derived from ?-sulfophenylacetic amide (SPAA) are provided as novel sulfonic acid based pTyr mimetics. These compounds effectively inhibit a variety of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), such as mPTPA, mPTPB, LMWPTP, and Laforin. Use of these compounds as pharmaceutical agents for treating diseases associated with abnormal protein tyrosine phosphatase activity is also provided.

Abstract: An inter-prediction method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: deriving motion information of a current block; and generating a prediction block for the current block on the basis of the derived motion information. According to the present invention, computational complexity can be reduced and encoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: A signal processing method, and a transmitter and a receiver are disclosed. The signal processing method may include converting a transmission signal to a non-periodic sequence type transmission signal using periodic sequences and transmitting the non-periodic sequence type transmission signal to the receiver, in which the receiver may detect a burst from the received non-periodic sequence type transmission signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of generating a proximity-corrected design layout for photoresist to be used in an etch operation. The methods may include identifying a feature in an initial design layout, and estimating one or more quantities characteristic of an in-feature plasma flux (IFPF) within the feature during the etch operation. The methods may further include estimating a quantity characteristic of an edge placement error (EPE) of the feature by comparing the one or more quantities characteristic of the IFPF to those in a look-up table (LUT, and/or through application of a multivariate model trained on the LUT, e.g., constructed through machine learning methods (MLM)) which associates values of the quantity characteristic of EPE with values of the one or more quantities characteristics of the IFPF. Thereafter, the initial design layout may be modified based on at the determined quantity characteristic of EPE.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2?-Fluoro-6?-methylene carbocyclic nucleosides, pharmaceutical compositions containing these nucleosides and their use in the treatment or prophylaxis of a number of viral infections and secondary disease states and conditions thereof, especially including Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and secondary disease states and conditions thereof (cirrhosis and liver cancer), Heptatitis C virus (HCV), Herpes Simplex virus I and II (HSV-1 and HSV-2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and secondary cancers which occur thereof (lymphoma, nasopharyngeal cancer, including drug resistant (especially including lamivudine and/or adefovir resistant) and other mutant forms of these viruses, especially HBV.

Abstract: The invention provides a new convergent approach for the synthesis of 2?-fluoro-6?-methylene-carbocyclic adenosine (FMCA) and 2?-fluoro-6?-methylene-carbocyclic guanosine (FMCG) from a readily available starting material in eight steps. An efficient and practical methodology for stereospecific preparation of a versatile carbocyclic key intermediate, (1S,3R,4R)-3-tert-butoxy-4-(tert-butoxymethyl)-2-fluoro-5-methylenecyclopentanol (compound 8 of scheme 1A or a) in only six (6) steps is also provided. Prodrugs of these compounds are also prepared.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage mediums, to employ a benchmarking search engine system. In one aspect, a method includes actions of maintaining a medical study instrument index that organizes data based on procedure type, wherein each index entry in the medical study instrument index includes a procedure type. The actions may further include receiving a search query that identifies particular procedure criteria from a user device, accessing the medical study instrument index that is organized based on procedure type, determining a first output that is representative of biometric data that is independent of a procedure specified by the particular procedure criteria, determining a second output that is representative of biometric data that is dependent on a procedure specified by the particular procedure criteria, and generating a page for display on the user device that includes the first output and the second output.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an image encoding/decoding method comprises the steps of: performing an intra prediction on a current block so as to generate a prediction block; performing filtering on a filtering target pixel in the prediction block on the basis of the intra prediction mode of the current block so as to generate a final prediction block; and generating a reconstructed block on the basis of a reconstructed differential block corresponding to the current block and on the final prediction block. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: A method for suppressing arcing in helium distribution channels of an electrostatic chuck in a plasma processing chamber, wherein the electrostatic chuck is connected to a voltage source for providing a chucking voltage and wherein the plasma processing chamber comprises a process gas source, and a plasma power source for transforming the process gas into a plasma is provided. A gas is flowed through the helium distribution channels of an electrostatic chuck to a back side of a wafer. The gas comprises helium and an electronegative gas.

Abstract: The present technology relates to compounds and compositions of Formulas I-III and methods using such compounds. The compounds and compositions described herein may be used in the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases associated with an alphavirus, for example, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides apparatus and methods for processing liquids or fluids. Such apparatus and methods are convenient and efficient for low-cost separation, filtration, capture, collection, and/or storage of biologics and related materials. Provided apparatus and methods are designed for point-of-care use and offer advantages for patients and medical practitioners, including advantages in diagnosis and long-term monitoring of conditions.

Abstract: Some aspects include a method of determining change in size of an abnormality in a brain of a patient positioned within a low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device. The method comprises, while the patient remains positioned within the low-field MRI device, acquiring first and second magnetic resonance (MR) image data of the patient's brain; providing the first and second MR image data as input to a trained statistical classifier to obtain corresponding first and second output; identifying, using the first output, at least one initial value of at least one feature indicative of a size of the abnormality; identifying, using the second output, at least one updated value of the at least one feature; determining the change in the size of the abnormality using the at least one initial value of the at least one feature and the at least one updated value of the at least one feature.

Abstract: This disclosure presents the use of electrons as the ‘working fluid’ in conjunction with a solid nanomaterial that hinders electron coupling to the atomic lattice of the nanomaterial, i.e., they are out of equilibrium. The electrons can achieve very high effective temperatures with minimal heating of the solid lattice. These ‘hot’ electrons emit from the absorbing material, carrying both the light energy and energy acquired from the atomic lattice. Thus, the operation of this disclosure includes shining light on an object to make the object cool instead of heat. It is envisioned that one of ordinary skill in the art would find the operation quite counter-intuitive.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an economical standalone system that replaces conventional monomer purification methods needed to perform chemical reactions that require reactants with a high degree of purity. Chemical reactions, such as anionic polymerization, can produce highly monodisperse homopolymers and block copolymers, however to do so they require very high purity reactants along with a moisture and oxygen free atmosphere. The system and method uses traditional column purification methods, but incorporates them into an economical, standalone, compact, and hazard free system. This method is different in view of safety, cost of cleaning procedure, time commitment, space availability, design and operational ease; helping researchers save time by cutting down the operating commitment by 90% and most importantly making it safer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a control method for supporting multiple connections in a mobile communication system and an apparatus for supporting multiple connections. In the method for supporting the multiple connections to be performed in first and second base stations, a first base station receives the measured results for multiple connections from a terminal, determines whether the plurality of connections are set on the basis of the measured results, transmits the information for setting the multiple connections to the second base station when setting the multiple results, and the second base station generates the control information for setting the multiple connections of the terminal on the basis of the information for setting the multiple connections received from the first base station. Thus, the multiple connections can be easily supported and the performance of the mobile communication system can be improved therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the assay of synucleins in a body fluid or tissue sample, wherein said method comprises the steps of contacting said sample with membrane lipids under conditions enabling binding of the synuclein to said lipids, and the detection of the lipid-bound synuclein by a synuclein-binding agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of imaging blood vessels or blood flow in blood vessels in an animal comprising: (i) injecting a lipid solution into the bloodstream of the animal; (ii) imaging the blood vessels by an imaging method; and (iii) calculating the blood flow velocity in the blood vessels.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for brain state advisory systems using calibrated metrics and optimal time-series decompositions. In one embodiment, a method includes monitoring brainwave activity of a subject and classifying a brain state of the subject based upon the brainwave activity and a model of the brainwave activity. In another embodiment, brain states of the subject are modeled based upon the brainwave activity of the subject.

Abstract: Elastic microfiltration membranes are provided. These membranes may be used in a membrane bioreactor. Due to the elastic nature of the membranes, removal of fouling materials is improved, thereby increasing the efficiency and longevity of the membranes. Methods for forming such membranes and uses of the membranes are also provided, including their use in membrane bioreactors.