Abstract: Apparatus and methods for regulating the appetite of an individual suffering from morbid obesity, the apparatus including a plurality of stimulation electrodes arranged longitudinally on at least one electrode support shaft for insertion within the hypothalamus for outputting electrical discharges to specific sites within the hypothalamus. Each of the plurality of stimulation electrodes may be independently controlled. Electrical discharge of various frequencies transmitted from one or more of the plurality of stimulation electrodes, and delivered to a region of the hypothalamus that is involved with either stimulating or inhibiting appetite, may be used to regulate appetite in the individual. Alternatively, an individual's appetite may be regulated by the microinfusion from at least one microinfusion catheter of an appropriate quantity of a suitable drug to a distinct site or region within the hypothalamus.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-amoebic vaccine containing an oligopeptide which can be obtained from the microorganism Entamoeba histolytica or synthesized by known methods. The anti-amoebic vaccines are particularly effective against inflammation and liver abscesses resulting from amoebic invasion when administered to patients.

Abstract: Methods for detecting the endpoint of a photoresist stripping process provide O for reaction with the photoresist for a wafer to be stripped of photoresist. NO is also supplied for reaction with O not reacted with the photoresist. After substantially all the photoresist is stripped from the wafer, the rate of a reaction of O and NO to form NO2 increases, which increases the intensity of emitted light. An operation of detecting this increase in light intensity signals the endpoint of the photoresist stripping process.

Abstract: A method and system for presentation of information in a document to allow for personalization of content and user response. The method for presentation of information in a document, including: establishing personalized user content preferences; selecting and formatting information corresponding to the content preferences; and printing the formatted information in a document with at least one user interactive element which enables a user to indicate a response to associated information in the document by interacting with the element using a sensing device which is adapted to transmit response data to a computer system.

Abstract: A printhead assembly for an A4 pagewidth drop on demand printer includes a number of printhead modules situated along a metal channel. The metal channel is typically of a special alloy called “Invar 36”. Preferably the channel is nickel plated to help match it to the coefficient of thermal expansion of silicon, being the major component of each individual printhead module. The channel captures the printhead modules in a precise alignment relative to each other and the similar coefficient of thermal expansion of the “Invar” channel to the silicon chips allows similar relative movement during temperature changes.

Abstract: Inhomogeneous concentrated polymer network with approximately 90° twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN-LC) is used for fabricating lens and prisms. For forming a positive lens, the approximately 90° TN-LC polymer network concentration can gradually decrease from the center to the side edges. For forming a negative lens, the approximately 90° TN-LC polymer network concentration can gradually increase from the center to the side edges. The lens can be created by ultra violet (UV) light exposure to patterned photo masks. The lens can be tuned by applying voltage above the threshold voltage to the polymer network. The inhomogeneous 90° TN-LC polymer network can also be used in Fresnel lens and prisms. Applications of the invention can be used for micro lens, array, optical communication, micro-optics, adaptive optics and beam steering.

Abstract: A media cartridge for an inkjet printhead that has a roll of media substrate wrapped around a tubular core that stores a supply of ink. The ink outlets are at the end of the core and the drive gear for the drive roller is adjacent the end of the core. Providing the media in a roll allows the cartridge to be small and compact. The hollow core holds a relatively large amount of ink and the ink outlets and drive roller at one end of the cartridge allows the cartridge to be installed with a convenient single action.

Abstract: The invention provides high resolution X-ray crystal structures of the 30S ribosome, obtained from Thermus thermophilus 30S subunit, having a tetragonal space group P41212 to which are bound an antibiotic selected from the group paromomycin, streptomycin, spectinomycin, tetracycline, pactamycin and hygromycin B. An advantageous feature of the structure is that it diffracts at about 3 ? resolution. The invention also provides a crystal of 30S having the three dimensional atomic coordinates of the 30S ribosome, the coordinates being provided in any one of tables 1 to 4. The data may be used for the rational design and modelling of inhibitors for the 30S ribosome, which have potential use as antibiotics.

Abstract: An artificial neuron is formed from an input subcircuit, a capacitor free leaky integrator subcircuit, and an output switching subcircuit. The input subcircuit is configured to supply a pulsed input signal. The capacitor free leaky integrator subcircuit is configured to supply a parasitic capacitance and to utilize the parasitic capacitance to provide differing time constants for the rising and falling edges of an output signal produced in response to the pulsed input signal. The output switching subcircuit s configured to, upon receipt of a sufficient output signal from the capacitor free leaky integrator subcircuit, switch off the input subcircuit and to release a neuron firing signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 4-hydroxycinnamamide derivatives as antioxidants and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. More particularly, it relates to 4-hydroxycinnamamide derivatives showing superior antioxidant activity compared to the known antioxidant compounds, their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. It can be usefully used in treating neurodegerative diseases such as aging, cancer, diabetes, ischemic stroke, Parkin's disease, dementia and Huntinton's disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to two recombinant colicin expression systems, one utilizing a yeast expression system that produces a protein that is inexpensive to purify, and the other utilizing a plasmid expression system to be used as a probiotic culture. The recombinant colicins provide effective alternatives to conventional antibiotics and may be used to improve the efficiency of pork production, and the safety of its products.

Abstract: A non-invasive method of characterizing burn injuries using near infrared spectroscopy is described. In the method, a beam of light is emitted into the burnt tissue portion at two or more different tissue depths. The spectra are then compared using multivariate analysis to determine diagnostic regions of the spectra. This information is used to categorize the burn. In some cases, the diagnostic regions correspond to wavelengths related to the hemodynamics of the tissue portion. The spectra can also be repeated over time, thereby allowing trends and changes in the spectra to be measured. This data is in turn used to categorize the burn as either a superficial burn, partial thickness burn, deep partial burn or a full thickness burn. Once the burn has been categorized, the clinician can intervene as needed to treat the burn.

Abstract: Method and apparatus with a user interface for controlling the apparatus are provided in which a currently selected menu item is magnified in height relative to other items in the menu so as to distinguish the item. While in addition to providing an appealing way to indicate which item is currently selected, the magnification makes the item easier to read, particularly in poorer lighting conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to synthetic leptin antagonists in which at least two amino acid residues of the sequence LDFI/S of the hydrophobic binding site at positions 39-42 of a leptin polypeptide sequence are substituted with different amino acid residues such that the site becomes less hydrophobic, and fragments of said leptin antagonists.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to nucleic acid molecules encoding proteins associated with the modulation of obesity, diabetes and/or metabolic energy levels. More particularly, the present invention is directed to nucleic acid molecules and the recombinant and purified proteins encoded thereby and their use in therapeutic and diagnostic protocols for conditions such as obesity, diabetes and energy imbalance. The subject nucleic acid molecules and proteins and their derivatives, homologs, analogs, chemical equivalents and mimetics are proposed as therapeutic and diagnostic agents for obesity, diabetes and energy imbalance.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention is a technique to generate consistent timing data for an electronic program guide (EPG). Time information is extracted from a broadcast stream received by a receiver. The time information is based on a first timing reference. The time information is adjusted with respect to a second timing reference used by an electronic program guide (EPG) obtained by the receiver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating cancer selected from the group of cancers consisting of prostate cancer, renal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, CNS cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, and bladder cancer. This method involves administering to a patient in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a betulinol derivative compound of Formula I Also disclosed are conjugated and immunoconjugated derivatives of the compound of Formula I as well as methods of making and using them.

Abstract: An equivalent circuit for a coil incorporated in a circuit simulator is a model of an equivalent circuit for a coil included in a circuit simulator for analysis of an electrical device including a coil forming a magnetic circuit. The equivalent circuit of a coil included in an electric motor or other electrical device is preferably comprised of a resistance component (R), induced voltage component (?d?/dt), and inductance component (L). The equivalent circuit of the inductance component is provided with a current source, a voltage extractor for extracting the voltage across the terminals of this current source, a current generator for determining the value of the current of the current source based on the value of the voltage output by this voltage extractor, and a current-carrying path connected in parallel to the current source and carrying a regenerative current at the time of off operation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for titrating the oxygen content delivered to a patient via an open delivery system and reduce fire risk. The apparatus may include a nasal cannula or face mask and an anesthesia machine having an air flowmeter. The cannula may be in fluid connection with one or more gas outlets on the anesthesia machine. The cannula may provide a user-adjustable reduced O2 content gas flow to the patient. By providing an O2 gas mixture having a lower concentration of O2, the present invention significantly mitigates the risk of surgical fires. The apparatus may also include an anesthesia machine having an electronic flowmeter, either alone or in conjunction with the cannula, for maintaining oxygen saturation at a selected level. The apparatus may also include an anesthesia machine having an additional operating mode for use with an open delivery system.

Abstract: A communication method, comprising constructing a Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunnel between a mobile device and an Intranet; and performing an Extensible Authentication Protocol-Subscriber Identification Module (EAP-SIM) authentication through the VPN tunnel. Access right of target service can be verified according to information in a SIM card no matter what kind of network access technology the service subscriber is using with the proposed communication method. A system utilizing the method is further provided.